Olsen Nervous System Quiz

The correct answer is A because the frontal lobe is located at the front of the brain, behind the forehead. It is responsible for various cognitive functions such as decision-making, problem-solving, and controlling voluntary movements.

The answer is that the tongue is more sensitive than the elbow because it has a greater concentration of sensory neurons. Sensory neurons are responsible for detecting and transmitting sensory information to the brain. The tongue has a higher density of these neurons compared to the elbow, allowing it to perceive and differentiate various tastes, textures, and temperatures more effectively. This increased concentration of sensory neurons in the tongue enhances its sensitivity compared to the elbow.

The correct answer is the brain, spinal cord, and neurons. The nervous system is composed of the brain, spinal cord, and neurons. The brain is responsible for processing and interpreting information, while the spinal cord serves as a pathway for transmitting signals between the brain and the rest of the body. Neurons are the fundamental building blocks of the nervous system, transmitting electrical signals and allowing for communication within the body.

The dendrite is a part of a neuron that receives messages from other neurons or sensory receptors. It acts as a receiving antenna, collecting and transmitting signals to the cell body of the neuron. This allows the neuron to integrate and process incoming information, which is crucial for the communication and functioning of the nervous system.

The autonomic nervous system controls involuntary actions, such as the heartbeat. This means that it regulates processes in the body that occur automatically and without conscious effort, such as breathing, digestion, and heart rate. Voluntary actions, like moving and conscious thoughts, are controlled by the somatic nervous system. The autonomic nervous system is responsible for maintaining homeostasis and ensuring that essential bodily functions are carried out without conscious control.

The part of the neuron labelled "D" is a dendrite. Dendrites are branch-like structures that receive signals from other neurons and transmit them towards the cell body. They play a crucial role in the communication between neurons by receiving incoming signals and integrating them to determine whether the neuron should generate an electrical impulse.

The axon is a long, slender projection of a neuron that carries electrical impulses away from the cell body. It is responsible for transmitting these messages, or action potentials, to other neurons, muscles, or glands. Therefore, the correct answer is "to send messages."

The Temporal Lobe is located on the sides of the brain, above the ears. It is responsible for processing auditory information, including language comprehension, as well as memory and emotion. Based on the given options, option B is the correct answer as it is the only option that is positioned on the sides of the brain.

The Occipital Lobe is responsible for processing visual information. In the given options, D is the only option that represents the Occipital Lobe.

The somatic nervous system is responsible for controlling voluntary actions, such as moving. This means that it regulates the skeletal muscles and allows us to consciously control our body movements. In contrast, involuntary actions like the heartbeat are controlled by the autonomic nervous system, specifically the cardiac muscles. Therefore, the correct answer is that the somatic system controls voluntary actions, like moving.

The cerebellum is responsible for maintaining balance and coordination in the body. It receives information from sensory systems like the inner ear and the eyes, and uses this information to coordinate muscle movements and maintain balance. Without the cerebellum, our movements would be uncoordinated and we would have difficulty maintaining our balance, often resulting in falling. The medulla oblongata, pituitary gland, and spinal cord do not have a direct role in balance and coordination.

The part of the neuron labelled "C" is the cell body. The cell body, also known as the soma, contains the nucleus and other organelles necessary for the neuron's normal functioning. It integrates incoming signals from dendrites and generates outgoing signals through the axon. The cell body is responsible for maintaining the neuron's overall health and metabolic processes.

A synapse is a specialized junction or gap between two neurons where they can communicate with each other. It allows for the transmission of signals from one neuron to another through the release and reception of neurotransmitters. This communication is essential for the proper functioning of the nervous system and the coordination of various bodily processes.

The part of the neuron labelled "B" is an axon. The axon is a long, slender projection that carries electrical signals away from the cell body of the neuron. It is responsible for transmitting these signals, known as action potentials, to other neurons, muscles, or glands. The axon is covered by the myelin sheath, which helps to insulate and protect the axon, but the myelin sheath itself is not the part labelled "B". The dendrites receive signals from other neurons, while the cell body contains the nucleus and other organelles.

The correct answer is C because the cerebellum is a part of the brain that is responsible for coordinating voluntary movements, balance, and posture. It is located at the back of the brain, below the occipital lobes and behind the brainstem.

The brain stem is responsible for regulating basic bodily functions, including breathing. It contains the medulla oblongata, which controls involuntary actions such as breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure. The cerebrum is responsible for higher cognitive functions, such as thinking and problem-solving, but it does not directly control breathing. The pituitary glands are responsible for hormone regulation and do not play a role in breathing. The cerebellum is involved in coordinating movement and balance, but it is not directly responsible for controlling breathing. Therefore, the correct answer is the brain stem.

A reflex is an action that occurs without conscious thought or control from the brain. It is an automatic response to a stimulus that is processed in the spinal cord or lower brain centers. Breathing, on the other hand, is a vital function that is controlled by the brainstem and requires input from the brain. Therefore, the correct answer is that a reflex is an action that occurs without the brain's help.

The amygdala is responsible for processing emotions, including fear and aggression. It plays a crucial role in the formation of emotional memories and the regulation of emotional responses. As part of the limbic system, it receives sensory information from various parts of the brain and helps to interpret and assign emotional significance to it. Therefore, the amygdala is believed to be the origin of our "emotional" thoughts. The cerebellum is primarily involved in motor coordination, the medulla oblongata controls vital functions such as breathing and heart rate, and while the heart is connected to emotions metaphorically, it is not the actual origin of emotional thoughts.

Neurotransmitters are chemicals that diffuse between nerve cells. They are responsible for transmitting signals across synapses, the junctions between neurons. These chemicals are released from the presynaptic neuron and bind to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron, allowing for the transmission of electrical impulses and communication between nerve cells. Neurotransmitters play a crucial role in various physiological processes, including mood regulation, learning, memory, and muscle movement.