Nurs 212a - pHarm (pH) - Exam 1 Prototype Drugs

1. Which of the following is not an adverse effect of morphine?

Shock

Circulatory depression

Cardiac arrest

Nausea

Salivary secretions

Adverse effects include: light-headedness, dizziness, sedation, nausea, vomiting, DRY MOUTH, constipation, ureteral spasm, respiratory depression, apnea, circulatory depression, respiratory arrest, shock, cardiac arrest (p. 418).

Explanation

Adverse effects include: light-headedness, dizziness, sedation, nausea, vomiting, DRY MOUTH, constipation, ureteral spasm, respiratory depression, apnea, circulatory depression, respiratory arrest, shock, cardiac arrest (p. 418).

2. Which cholinergic agent would be used to treat non-obstructive urinary retention?

Labetolol

Atropine

Bethanachol

Dopamine

None of the above

BETHANECHOL. INDICATIONS: acute postoperative or postpartum non-obstructive urinary retention; neurogenic atony of the bladder with retention. ACTION: Acts directly on cholinergic receptors tomimic the effects of acetylcholine; increases tone of detrusor muscles and causes emptying of the bladder. Is given ORALLY. ADVERSE EFFECTS: Abdominal discomfort, salivation, nausea, vomiting, sweating, and flushing. ASSESSMENT would include bradycardia, vasomotor instability, peptic ulcer, obstructive urinary or GI diseases, asthma, parkinsonism or epilepsy. BASELINE ASSESSMENT includes skin colour, lesions, temperature; pulse, blood pressure, ECG; respirations, adventitious sounds; and urine output and bladder tone

Explanation

BETHANECHOL. INDICATIONS: acute postoperative or postpartum non-obstructive urinary retention; neurogenic atony of the bladder with retention. ACTION: Acts directly on cholinergic receptors tomimic the effects of acetylcholine; increases tone of detrusor muscles and causes emptying of the bladder. Is given ORALLY. ADVERSE EFFECTS: Abdominal discomfort, salivation, nausea, vomiting, sweating, and flushing. ASSESSMENT would include bradycardia, vasomotor instability, peptic ulcer, obstructive urinary or GI diseases, asthma, parkinsonism or epilepsy. BASELINE ASSESSMENT includes skin colour, lesions, temperature; pulse, blood pressure, ECG; respirations, adventitious sounds; and urine output and bladder tone

3. It a patient received too much Bethanochol, which of the following would counteract the effects?

Atropine

Labetolol

Naloxone

Mupricin

Dopamine

Atopine can be used as an antidote for cholinergic overdose (Bethanachol) and poisoning from various mushrooms (p. 530).

Explanation

Atopine can be used as an antidote for cholinergic overdose (Bethanachol) and poisoning from various mushrooms (p. 530).

4. Which of the following is false about dopamine?

Is use to correct hemoynamic imbalances present in shock

Adverse effects include tachycardia, anginal pain, hypotension, dyspnea, nausea, vomiting, headache.

Is an arenergic antagonist that is given IV

Baseline assessment includes skin colour, skin temperature, pulse, blood pressure, ECG, respirations, aventitous sounds, urine output, and electrolytes

Prior to giving drug assesss for pheochromocytoma, tachyarrythmias, ventircular fibrillation, hypovolemia

Dopamine is a ARENERGIC AGENT (agonist) (p. 478).

Explanation

Dopamine is a ARENERGIC AGENT (agonist) (p. 478).

5. Which of the following is true about labetalol?

Treats hypotention either by PO or IV

Completely blocks cholergenic receptor sites leaing to an increase in BP

Assessment shoul beware of DM, shock, CHF, asthma, and bronchospasms

Baseline should include EEG, cardiac input, respiratory rate, and skin colour and temperature

None of the above

INDICATIONS: hypertention. ACTIONS: competitively blocks alpha- an beta- receptor sites in the SNS leading to LOWER BLOOD PRESSURE. PHARMACOKINETICS: given by PO or IV. ADVERSE EFFECTS: Dizziness, vertigo, fatigue, gastric pain, flatulence, bronchospasm, dypnea, cough, and decrease exercise tolerance. ASSESSMENT should include allergies, bradycaria, heart blocks, shock, CHF, asthma, or DM. BASELINE should include skin colour, temperature, pulse, BP, cardiac output, ECG, respiration, aventitious sounds, and blood glucose levels and electrolytes (p. 493).

Explanation

INDICATIONS: hypertention. ACTIONS: competitively blocks alpha- an beta- receptor sites in the SNS leading to LOWER BLOOD PRESSURE. PHARMACOKINETICS: given by PO or IV. ADVERSE EFFECTS: Dizziness, vertigo, fatigue, gastric pain, flatulence, bronchospasm, dypnea, cough, and decrease exercise tolerance. ASSESSMENT should include allergies, bradycaria, heart blocks, shock, CHF, asthma, or DM. BASELINE should include skin colour, temperature, pulse, BP, cardiac output, ECG, respiration, aventitious sounds, and blood glucose levels and electrolytes (p. 493).

6. Which of the following is false about atropine?

It can be a poison

Assessment includes glaucoma, stenosing peptic ulcer, intestinal atony, paralytic ileus, GI obstruction, toxic megacolon; cardiac arrhythmias, tachycardia

Is found in many natural products

None of the above

Atropine is a medication that can be toxic in high doses, making the statement "It can be a poison" true. The assessment for atropine includes various conditions such as glaucoma, stenosing peptic ulcer, intestinal atony, paralytic ileus, GI obstruction, toxic megacolon; cardiac arrhythmias, tachycardia, making the statement true. The baseline for atropine includes evaluating skin color, lesions, temperature; affect, orientation, reflexes, pupil response; pulse, BP, ECG; respirations, adventitious sounds, urine output, and BS, making the statement true. Atropine is found in many natural products, making the statement true. Therefore, none of the statements about atropine are false.

Explanation

Atropine is a medication that can be toxic in high doses, making the statement "It can be a poison" true. The assessment for atropine includes various conditions such as glaucoma, stenosing peptic ulcer, intestinal atony, paralytic ileus, GI obstruction, toxic megacolon; cardiac arrhythmias, tachycardia, making the statement true. The baseline for atropine includes evaluating skin color, lesions, temperature; affect, orientation, reflexes, pupil response; pulse, BP, ECG; respirations, adventitious sounds, urine output, and BS, making the statement true. Atropine is found in many natural products, making the statement true. Therefore, none of the statements about atropine are false.