Homeostasis And The Organization Of The Animal Body
- 1.
Which of the following is a definition of homeostasis?
- A.
a process whereby the body maintains its internal environment within a narrow range of conditions necessary for optimal cell functioning
- B.
A mechanism that animals use to produce body heat by metabolic reactions
- C.
The process that some animals use to extract heat from their environment
- D.
A process whereby a change in the environment causes a rapid, self-limiting response that amplifies the initial change.
Correct Answer
A. a process whereby the body maintains its internal environment within a narrow range of conditions necessary for optimal cell functioningExplanation
Homeostasis is defined as a process whereby the body maintains its internal environment within a narrow range of conditions necessary for optimal cell functioning. This means that the body regulates various physiological variables such as temperature, pH, and blood sugar levels to ensure stability and balance. Through feedback mechanisms, the body continuously monitors and adjusts these variables to keep them within a narrow range, allowing cells to function properly. This definition emphasizes the importance of maintaining a stable internal environment for the overall functioning and health of the body.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Animals that regulate their body temperature by producing heat with metabolic reactions are called __________.
- A.
Negative feedback organisms
- B.
Cold-blooded
- C.
Endotherms
- D.
Ectotherms
Correct Answer
C. EndothermsExplanation
Animals that regulate their body temperature by producing heat with metabolic reactions are called endotherms. Endotherms are able to maintain a constant internal body temperature regardless of the temperature of their environment. They achieve this by generating heat through metabolic processes such as shivering or increasing their metabolic rate. This ability allows them to thrive in a wide range of environments and maintain a stable internal environment for optimal bodily functions.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Which of the following is an example of an ectotherm?
- A.
Eagle
- B.
Frog
- C.
Mouse
- D.
Horse
- E.
Hummingbird
Correct Answer
B. FrogExplanation
An ectotherm is an organism that relies on external sources of heat to regulate its body temperature. Frogs are ectotherms because they cannot generate their own body heat and instead rely on their environment to warm up or cool down. Unlike birds or mammals (eagle, mouse, horse, and hummingbird), which are endotherms and can regulate their body temperature internally, frogs are ectothermic and their body temperature fluctuates with the temperature of their surroundings.Rate this question:
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- 4.
An example of an organ is __________.
- A.
A nerve
- B.
The skin
- C.
Epithelial tissue
- D.
Connective tissue
- E.
Blood
Correct Answer
B. The skinExplanation
The skin is an example of an organ because it is a complex structure made up of different tissues, such as epithelial tissue, connective tissue, and nerves. It performs various functions, including protection, sensation, temperature regulation, and excretion. The skin is considered an organ because it is a distinct structure with specific functions and is composed of multiple types of tissues working together.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Which of the following is a definition of epithelial tissue?
- A.
A group of tissues that includes cartilage, bone, fat, blood, and lymph
- B.
Sheets of cells firmly attached to one another by connections, such as desmosomes and tight junctions
- C.
Tissue that supports and strengthens other tissues and helps to bind the cells of these other tissues together
- D.
A part of the skin that contains blood vessels and sweat glands
- E.
Tissue that is specialized for contraction
Correct Answer
B. Sheets of cells firmly attached to one another by connections, such as desmosomes and tight junctionsExplanation
Epithelial tissue is defined as sheets of cells that are tightly attached to each other through connections like desmosomes and tight junctions. This type of tissue forms the outer layer of the skin and lines the internal organs and cavities of the body. It provides protection, secretion, absorption, and sensation to the underlying tissues and organs. The other options provided in the question do not accurately define epithelial tissue.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Which of the following statements is true about tendons and ligaments?
- A.
Tendons connect muscle to muscle and ligaments connect bones to bones.
- B.
Tendons are produced by exocrine glands and ligaments are produced by endocrine glands.
- C.
Tendons connect muscles to bones and ligaments connect bones to bones.
- D.
Tendons are made of dense connective tissue and ligaments are made of specialized connective tissues.
Correct Answer
C. Tendons connect muscles to bones and ligaments connect bones to bones.Explanation
Tendons connect muscles to bones, allowing for movement and transmitting the force generated by the muscle to the bone. Ligaments, on the other hand, connect bones to bones, providing stability and holding the joints together. This statement accurately describes the roles and connections of tendons and ligaments in the body.Rate this question:
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- 7.
What do biologists call groups of cells that are specialized to secrete substances outside the cells?
- A.
Lymph
- B.
Adipose tissue
- C.
Glial cells
- D.
Glands
Correct Answer
D. GlandsExplanation
Biologists call groups of cells that are specialized to secrete substances outside the cells as glands. Glands are responsible for producing and releasing various substances such as hormones, enzymes, and oils. They can be found throughout the body and play important roles in various physiological processes. Examples of glands include sweat glands, salivary glands, and endocrine glands. Glands are vital for maintaining homeostasis and facilitating communication within the body.Rate this question:
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- 8.
What is the name of the extracellular fluid that suspends the cellular portion of blood?
- A.
Lymph
- B.
Plasma
- C.
Dermis
- D.
Serum
Correct Answer
B. PlasmaExplanation
Plasma is the correct answer because it is the extracellular fluid that suspends the cellular portion of blood. It is a yellowish liquid that contains water, proteins, hormones, electrolytes, and waste products. Plasma helps transport nutrients, hormones, and waste products throughout the body, and also plays a crucial role in maintaining blood pressure and pH balance.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which tissue type serves as a long-term energy storage depot as well as insulation for animals adapted to cold environments?
- A.
Epithelial tissue
- B.
Adipose tissue
- C.
Connective tissue
- D.
Muscle tissue
Correct Answer
B. Adipose tissueExplanation
Adipose tissue serves as a long-term energy storage depot as well as insulation for animals adapted to cold environments. Adipose tissue is a type of connective tissue that consists of fat cells called adipocytes. These cells store energy in the form of triglycerides, which can be broken down and used as fuel when needed. Additionally, adipose tissue acts as insulation by providing a layer of fat that helps to maintain body temperature in cold environments.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Nerve tissue is composed of nerve cells, which are also called __________.
- A.
Axons
- B.
Dendrites
- C.
Neurons
- D.
Glial cells
Correct Answer
C. NeuronsExplanation
Nerve tissue is composed of nerve cells, which are also called neurons. Neurons are specialized cells that transmit electrical signals throughout the body. They consist of a cell body, dendrites that receive signals from other neurons, and an axon that transmits signals to other neurons or muscles. Neurons are the main functional unit of the nervous system and play a crucial role in transmitting and processing information. Glial cells, on the other hand, support and protect neurons but do not transmit electrical signals themselves.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Which of the following is responsible for surrounding, supporting, electrically insulating, and protecting neurons?
- A.
Glial cells
- B.
Smooth muscle
- C.
Epithelial tissue
- D.
Nerve tissue
- E.
Glands
Correct Answer
A. Glial cellsExplanation
Glial cells are responsible for surrounding, supporting, electrically insulating, and protecting neurons. These cells provide structural support to neurons, form myelin sheaths around axons to insulate and speed up electrical signals, and help in the repair and maintenance of neurons. Glial cells also play a role in regulating the chemical environment around neurons and contribute to the immune response in the central nervous system.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Which of the following is a function of white blood cells?
- A.
Fight infection
- B.
Moves the skeleton
- C.
Transports oxygen to body cells
- D.
Carry the genetic information of the male, capable of fertilizing an egg cell
- E.
Regulates body temperature
Correct Answer
A. Fight infectionExplanation
White blood cells, also known as leukocytes, are a crucial part of the immune system and their main function is to fight infection. They are responsible for identifying and destroying pathogens, such as bacteria and viruses, in order to protect the body from disease. White blood cells can detect foreign substances and initiate an immune response, producing antibodies and engulfing pathogens through a process called phagocytosis. This helps to prevent the spread of infection and maintain overall health.Rate this question:
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- 13.
What is a major difference between skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle?
- A.
Skeletal muscle is not stimulated by the nervous system; cardiac muscle is stimulated by the nervous system.
- B.
Skeletal muscle is under voluntary control; cardiac muscle is spontaneously active and involuntary.
- C.
Skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle are both under voluntary control.
- D.
Skeletal muscle is found embedded throughout the body in the walls of several systems (respiratory) and organs (bladder); cardiac muscle is found only in the heart
Correct Answer
B. Skeletal muscle is under voluntary control; cardiac muscle is spontaneously active and involuntary.Explanation
Skeletal muscle is under voluntary control, meaning that it can be consciously controlled by the individual. On the other hand, cardiac muscle is spontaneously active and involuntary, meaning that it contracts and relaxes rhythmically without conscious control. This difference in control is due to the different functions and locations of these muscle types in the body. Skeletal muscle is responsible for movement and is found throughout the body, while cardiac muscle specifically functions to pump blood and is found only in the heart.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Which one of the following is a function of cartilage?
- A.
Cartilage is a specialized form of blood and lymph.
- B.
Cartilage is produced and secreted by exocrine glands.
- C.
Cartilage forms a matrix hardened by deposits of calcium phosphate.
- D.
Cartilage provides a framework for organs such as the liver.
- E.
Cartilage provides the supporting framework for the respiratory passages.
Correct Answer
E. Cartilage provides the supporting framework for the respiratory passages.Explanation
Cartilage is a type of connective tissue that provides support and structure to various parts of the body, including the respiratory passages. It acts as a flexible framework, allowing the respiratory passages to maintain their shape and stay open, ensuring the smooth flow of air during breathing. This function is crucial for the proper functioning of the respiratory system.Rate this question:
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