Fish Respiratory System Quiz

The statement is true because when air passes through the vocal folds, they tighten and move towards the midline. This causes the vocal folds to vibrate, producing sound.

Emphysema is a disease that affects the lungs and causes the breakdown of the walls between the air sacs, known as alveoli. This breakdown reduces the surface area available for gas exchange, making it difficult for oxygen to pass into the bloodstream and carbon dioxide to be expelled. As a result, individuals with emphysema may experience shortness of breath, coughing, and wheezing. The other options, amphibian and plasma, are not related to this specific disease.

Pneumothorax refers to the presence of air in the chest cavity. This condition can occur when air leaks into the space between the lungs and chest wall, causing the lung to collapse partially or completely. The term "pneumothorax" is derived from the Greek words "pneumo" meaning air or gas, and "thorax" meaning chest. Therefore, the statement "Pneumothorax means 'air in the chest'" is true as it accurately describes the condition.

The exchange of gases occurs in the alveoli. Alveoli are tiny air sacs located at the end of the bronchioles in the lungs. They are surrounded by capillaries, which allow for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air in the alveoli and the blood in the capillaries. This exchange is essential for the respiratory system to function properly and for oxygen to be delivered to the body's tissues while removing carbon dioxide waste.

The scientific name for the "Adam's Apple" is the thyroid cartilage. The Adam's Apple is a prominent feature in the neck, formed by the thyroid cartilage, which is a part of the larynx or voice box. It is more prominent in males due to the effects of testosterone during puberty, causing the cartilage to grow and protrude more. The thyroid cartilage helps protect the vocal cords and plays a role in producing sound.

When the mouth and nose are open, the air pressure in the lungs is equal to the atmospheric pressure. This is because the respiratory system is connected to the outside environment through the airways, allowing air to flow in and out freely. The lungs expand and contract to maintain a balance between the pressure inside and outside the body, ensuring efficient gas exchange during breathing. Therefore, the statement that the air pressure in the lungs is slightly less than the atmospheric pressure when the mouth and nose are open is incorrect.

Cyanide, being a metabolic poison, affects the cellular level. It interferes with the electron transport chain in the mitochondria, inhibiting the production of ATP and ultimately leading to cell death. This disruption of cellular metabolism can cause suffocation by preventing cells from utilizing oxygen effectively.

The cilia in the lining of the cells of the upper airway beat toward the mouth to remove small foreign materials. Loss of cilia does double harm to smokers because secretions cannot be cleared, and carcinogens stay in contact with the lining cells longer. A foreign body impacted here may be rapidly fatal; it is hard to gain emergency access.

Expiration is the process of pushing air out of the lungs, which is true. It is the opposite of inspiration, which is the process of taking air into the lungs. Alveolar capillary air exchange is an example of pulmonary respiration, where the exchange of gases occurs in the alveoli of the lungs. The bronchioles and alveoli are responsible for performing pulmonary respiration. However, the statement that expiration also means "to die" is not true and is not related to the topic of respiration.

The respiratory system helps regulate acid-base balance through the bicarbonate buffer system by controlling the levels of carbon dioxide and bicarbonate ions in the blood. It takes up oxygen for transport in the blood to the cells by exchanging oxygen from the air in the lungs with carbon dioxide in the blood. It expels carbon dioxide waste from cellular metabolism by exhaling it out of the body.