Exam Review Unit 1 Cardiopulmonary A&p Of Resp System

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  • 1/110 Questions

    What is another name for pharyngeal tonsils?

    • Palatine tonsils
    • Lingual tonsils
    • Faucial tonsils
    • Adenoids
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About This Quiz

This quiz covers the anatomy and physiology of the respiratory system, focusing on the upper airway, its components, functions, and related clinical terms.

Exam Review Unit 1 Cardiopulmonary A&p Of Resp System - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    What spoon-shaped fibrocartilaginous structure covers the opening of the larynx during swallowing?

    • Vocal folds

    • Base of the tongue

    • Vallecula

    • Epiglottis

    Correct Answer
    A. Epiglottis
    Explanation
    The epiglottis is a broad, spoon-shaped fibrocartilaginous structure that prevents the aspiration of foods and liquids by covering the opening of the larynx during swallowing.

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  • 3. 

    To what structure does the upper portion of the thyroid cartilage attach by a membrane?

    • Mandible

    • Hyoid bone

    • Epiglottis

    • Tongue

    Correct Answer
    A. Hyoid bone
    Explanation
    The upper portion of the thyroid cartilage attaches by a membrane to the hyoid bone.

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  • 4. 

    What is the secondary vital function of the larynx?

    • Gag reflex

    • Babinski reflex

    • Valsalva’s maneuver

    • Moro maneuver

    Correct Answer
    A. Valsalva’s maneuver
    Explanation
    Effort closure during exhalation (Valsalva’s maneuver) is an important secondary function of the larynx.

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  • 5. 

    Which of the following factors can alter the mucociliary transport mechanism?  I. Excessive bronchial secretions II. Tobacco smoke III. Hypoxia IV. Air pollution

    • I, II, III, and IV

    • I,  III, and IV only

    • I, II, and III only

    • I,  II, and IV only

    Correct Answer
    A. I, II, III, and IV
    Explanation
    All of the listed factors can alter the mucociliary transport mechanism.

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  • 6. 

    In the adult male, approximately how many alveoli are present in the lungs?

    • 180 million

    • 300 million

    • 600 million

    • 130 million

    Correct Answer
    A. 300 million
    Explanation
    In the adult male lungs, approximately 300 million alveoli are present.

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  • 7. 

    Which alveolar cells are macrophages?

    • Type IV

    • Type III

    • Type I

    • Type II

    Correct Answer
    A. Type III
    Explanation
    Macrophages are Type III alveolar cells.

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  • 8. 

    When an acute asthma episode occurs, which quick relief agent is most commonly administered?

    • Formoterol

    • Arformoterol

    • Albuterol

    • Salmeterol

    Correct Answer
    A. Albuterol
    Explanation
    Albuterol is the quick relief agent most commonly administered to provide quick relief of acute asthma symptoms.

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  • 9. 

    What is the term for the uppermost portion of the upright lung?

    • Hilum

    • Lingula

    • Apex

    • Base

    Correct Answer
    A. Apex
    Explanation
    The apex is the uppermost portion of the upright lung.

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  • 10. 

    What is the term for the therapeutic positional measures which utilize gravity to assist in secretion removal from the lungs?

    • Chest wall oscillation

    • Percussion

    • Postural drainage

    • Vibration

    Correct Answer
    A. Postural drainage
    Explanation
    Postural drainage uses gravity to assist with secretion removal from the lungs

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  • 11. 

    What is the term for widening of the nostrils that can occur during respiratory distress?

    • Grunting

    • Retractions

    • Alar collapse

    • Nasal flaring

    Correct Answer
    A. Nasal flaring
    Explanation
    Nasal flaring is the term for the widening of the nostrils, especially seen in respiratory distress in newborns

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  • 12. 

    How many segmental bronchi are found in each of the lungs?

    • Each lung has 8

    • 8 in right lung, 10 in left lung

    • 10 in right lung, 8 in left lung

    • Each lung has 10

    Correct Answer
    A. 10 in right lung, 8 in left lung
    Explanation
    There are 10 segmental bronchi in the right lung and 8 in the left lung.

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  • 13. 

    Which structures are nourished by the bronchial arteries?

    • Trachea through the terminal bronchioles

    • Respiratory zone

    • Noncartilaginous airways only

    • Trachea and mainstem bronchi only

    Correct Answer
    A. Trachea through the terminal bronchioles
    Explanation
    The brachial arteries nourish the tracheobronchial tree from the trachea through terminal bronchioles.

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  • 14. 

    Among pediatric patients, in which age range is epistaxis most prevalent?

    • 10-14 years

    • 2-10 years

    • 8-16 years

    • Newborn-2 years

    Correct Answer
    A. 2-10 years
    Explanation
    In pediatric patients, nosebleeds are most prevalent among the 2-10 year olds.

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  • 15. 

    Approximately what portion of the sense of taste is reliant upon the sense of smell?

    • 60%

    • 80%

    • 40%

    • 20%

    Correct Answer
    A. 80%
    Explanation
    approximately 80% of the sense of taste is reliant upon the sense of smell.

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  • 16. 

    Which of the following can cause sinusitis? I. Upper respiratory infection II. Dental infection III. Air travel IV. Scuba diving

    • I, II, III, and IV  

    • I,  III, and IV only

    • I, II, and III only

    • I,  II, and IV only

    Correct Answer
    A. I, II, III, and IV  
    Explanation
    All of the listed factors can cause sinusitis

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  • 17. 

    In the oral cavity, what is the term for the space between the teeth and lips?

    • Vibrissae

    • Ventricle

    • Vallecula

    • Vestibule

    Correct Answer
    A. Vestibule
    Explanation
    The space between the teeth and lips is called the vestibule.

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  • 18. 

    What is a common site for misplacement of endotracheal tubes during emergency intubation?

    • Stomach

    • Left mainstem bronchus

    • Esophagus

    • Left upper lobar bronchus

    Correct Answer
    A. Esophagus
    Explanation
    During emergency intubation, the endotracheal tube could be misplaced into the esophagus

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  • 19. 

    What is not a common cause of posterior nosebleeds?

    • Nasal tumors

    • Serious nose trauma

    • High altitude

    • Drug abuse

    Correct Answer
    A. High altitude
    Explanation
    Common causes of posterior nosebleeds include serious nose trauma, nasal mucosal infections, high blood pressure, nasal tumors, atherosclerosis, drug abuse, and leukemia.

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  • 20. 

    Where are mast cells located in the tracheobronchial tree?  I. Lamina propria II. Intra-alveolar septa III. Sub-mucosal glands

    • I only

    • I, II, and III

    • I, and II

    • I, and III only

    Correct Answer
    A. I, II, and III
    Explanation
    Mast cells are scattered throughout the lamina propria, intralveolar septa, and submucosal glands.

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  • 21. 

    What is the term for the cartilaginous airways?

    • Respiratory unit

    • Acinus

    • Conducting zone

    • Tracheobronchial tree

    Correct Answer
    A. Conducting zone
    Explanation
    The cartilaginous airways are collectively known as the conducting zone.

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  • 22. 

    Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the nose?

    • Humidfy inspired gas

    • Conduct gas and food to lower airway

    • Filter the inspired gas

    • Warm the inspired gas

    Correct Answer
    A. Conduct gas and food to lower airway
    Explanation
    The nose humdifies, warms, and filters the inspired gas, not food to the lower airway

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  • 23. 

    To what structure is the uvula attached?

    • Hard palate

    • Palatopharyngeal arch

    • Palatoglossal arch

    • Soft palate

    Correct Answer
    A. Soft palate
    Explanation
    The uvula is attached to the soft palate.

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  • 24. 

    What is another name for the pharyngotympanic tubes?

    • Adenoids

    • Conchae

    • Auditory

    • Faucial

    Correct Answer
    A. Auditory
    Explanation
    The pharyngotympanic tubes are also called auditory tubes.

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  • 25. 

    What is the most frequent cause of hearing loss in young children?

    • Tonsillitis

    • Pharyngitis

    • Sinusitis

    • Otitis media

    Correct Answer
    A. Otitis media
    Explanation
    Otitis media is the most frequent cause of hearing loss in young children.

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  • 26. 

    Which of the following is a subglottic airway obstruction usually caused by the parainfluenza virus?

    • Pharyngitis

    • Laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB)

    • Epiglottitis

    • Tonsillitis

    Correct Answer
    A. Laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB)
    Explanation
    LTB is a subglottic airway obstruction usually caused by a parainfluenza virus.

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  • 27. 

    What is causative agent in the majority of cases of acute epiglottitis?

    • Streptococcus

    • MRSA

    • Parainfluenza virus

    • Haemophilus influenzae type B

    Correct Answer
    A. Haemophilus influenzae type B
    Explanation
    The majority of acute epiglotittis cases is caused by Haemophilus inflenzae type B.

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  • 28. 

    Which cranial nerve innervates the submucosal glands?

    • Tenth

    • Ninth

    • Seventh

    • Eighth

    Correct Answer
    A. Tenth
    Explanation
    The tenth cranial nerve (vagus) innervates the submucosal glands.

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  • 29. 

    How many times per minute do the cilia in the tracheobronchial tree move?

    • 1500 times

    • 2500 times

    • 500 times

    • 50 times

    Correct Answer
    A. 1500 times
    Explanation
    The cilia in the tracheobronchial tree move approximately 1500 times per minute.

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  • 30. 

    What is the primary component of the mucous blanket in the tracheobronchial tree?

    • Glycoproteins

    • Water

    • Lipids

    • DNA

    Correct Answer
    A. Water
    Explanation
    The mucous blanket is approximately ninety-five percent water.

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  • 31. 

    Which neurotransmitter is released when the parasympathetic system is activated?

    • Prostaglandin

    • Epinephrine

    • Norepinephrine

    • Acetylcholine

    Correct Answer
    A. Acetylcholine
    Explanation
    Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter released when the parasympathetic nervous system is activated.

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  • 32. 

    Which of the following are primary components of the upper airway?

    • Nose, oral cavity, pharynx

    • Larynx, trachea, and bronchi

    • Nose, oral cavity, larynx and trachea

    • Nose, oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, and trachea

    Correct Answer
    A. Nose, oral cavity, pharynx
    Explanation
    The nose, oral cavity, and pharynx are the primary structures that compose the upper airway

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  • 33. 

    What is the term for the vessels adjacent to peribronchovascular lymphatic vessels?

    • Tertiary lymphatics

    • Cardinal lymphatics

    • Type IV lymphatics

    • Juxta-alveolar lymphatics

    Correct Answer
    A. Juxta-alveolar lymphatics
    Explanation
    The vessels adjacent to the peribronchovascular lymphatics are called juxta-alveolar lymphatics.

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  • 34. 

    What effect does stimulation of the beta 2 receptors have on the pulmonary system?

    • Bronchdilation

    • Vasoconstriction

    • Vasodilation

    • Bronchoconstriction

    Correct Answer
    A. Bronchdilation
    Explanation
    Stimulation of the beta 2 receptors of the sympathetic nervous system results in bronchial smooth muscle relaxation (bronchdilation).

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  • 35. 

    What is another term for conchae?

    • Alae

    • Choana

    • Vestibule

    • Turbinates

    Correct Answer
    A. Turbinates
    Explanation
    The conchae in the nasal cavity are also called nasal turninates.

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  • 36. 

    How many pulmonary veins empty into the left atrium?

    • 8

    • 4

    • 2

    • 0

    Correct Answer
    A. 4
    Explanation
    Four pulmonary veins empty into the left atrium.

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  • 37. 

    From what area deep in the lungs do lymphatic vessels arise?

    • Type II alveolar cells

    • Tight space of interstitium

    • Type III alveolar cells

    • Loose space of interstitium

    Correct Answer
    A. Loose space of interstitium
    Explanation
    Lymphatic vessels arise from the loose space of the interstitium.

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  • 38. 

    What is the term for the openings created by the alae nasi and septal cartilage?

    • Nares

    • Glottis

    • Vestibule

    • Choana

    Correct Answer
    A. Nares
    Explanation
    The nares or nostrils are the openings formed by the alae nasi and septal cartilage.

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  • 39. 

    In which structure would vibrissae normally be found?

    • Oropharynx

    • Laryngopharynx

    • Nasal cavity

    • Trachea

    Correct Answer
    A. Nasal cavity
    Explanation
    Vibrissae are normally found in the vestibule of the nasal cavity.

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  • 40. 

    How many second generation bronchi would you find in a healthy adult tracheobronchial tree?

    • 3

    • 2

    • 6

    • 5

    Correct Answer
    A. 5
    Explanation
    There are 5 lobar or second generation bronchi in the tracheobronchial tree.

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  • 41. 

    What is the term for the openings in the walls of interalveolar septa?

    • Loose space

    • Clara cells

    • Canals of Lambert

    • Pores of Kohn

    Correct Answer
    A. Pores of Kohn
    Explanation
    Pores of Kohn are openings in the walls of interalveolar septa.

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  • 42. 

    Where is the olfactory region located in the nasal cavity?

    • Choana

    • Vestibule

    • Superior and middle turbinates

    • Middle and inferior turbinates

    Correct Answer
    A. Superior and middle turbinates
    Explanation
    The olfactory region is located near the superior and middle turbinates.

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  • 43. 

    What effect, if any, would be expected from the topical application of phenylephrine on the nasal mucosa?

    • Vasoconstriction

    • Vasodilation

    • No known effect

    • Bronchospasm

    Correct Answer
    A. Vasoconstriction
    Explanation
    When phenylephrine is applied to the nasal mucosa, vasoconstriction should occur.

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  • 44. 

    Which laryngeal cartilage is primarily responsible for preventing food, liquids, and foreign bodies from entering the lower airways?

    • Cricoid

    • Epiglottis

    • Thyroid

    • Corniculate

    Correct Answer
    A. Epiglottis
    Explanation
    The epiglottis normally protects the lower airway from aspiration.

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  • 45. 

    In an adult, at what angle does the left mainstem bronchus branch from the trachea?

    • 40-60 degrees

    • 10-15 degrees

    • 60-75 degrees

    • 25-40 degrees

    Correct Answer
    A. 40-60 degrees
    Explanation
    In the adult, the left mainstem bronchus branches from the trachea at an angle between 40 and 60 degrees.

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  • 46. 

    In cm, what is the average diameter of the adult trachea?

    • 0.5 - 1.5 cm

    • 2.0-3.5 cm

    • 0.75 - 1.0 cm

    • 1.5 - 2.5 cm

    Correct Answer
    A. 1.5 - 2.5 cm
    Explanation
    The diameter of an adult trachea is between 1.5 and 2.5 cm.

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  • 47. 

    What is the term for the bifurcation of the trachea?

    • Hilum

    • Carina

    • Concha

    • Choana

    Correct Answer
    A. Carina
    Explanation
    The carina is the point of bifurcation of the trachea.

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  • 48. 

    What effect does stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system have on the body? I. Dilates the pupils II. Causes bronchodilation III. Increases rate and force of cardiac contractions

    • I,  II, and III 

    • I, and III only

    • I, and II only

    • II, and III only

    Correct Answer
    A. I,  II, and III 
    Explanation
    When the sympathetic nervous system is stimulated, the pupils dilate, bronchodilation occurs and the heart beats faster and with more force.

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  • 49. 

    What is the term for the potential space between the visceral and parietal pleura?

    • Pericardial cavity

    • Thoracic cavity

    • Pleural cavity

    • Mediatinum

    Correct Answer
    A. Pleural cavity
    Explanation
    The potential space between the pleura is called the pleural cavity.

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  • Apr 30, 2024
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Mar 05, 2021
    Quiz Created by
    Alfredhook3
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