Muscles Of The Trunk

The rectus abdominis muscle is commonly known as the "six-pack" muscle. It is a long, flat muscle that extends vertically along the abdomen and is responsible for flexing the trunk, as well as supporting and stabilizing the core. It is located in the anterior (front) part of the abdomen and is one of the major muscles involved in maintaining good posture and providing strength to the abdominal region.

The correct answer is External Abdominal Oblique. The external abdominal oblique is a muscle located on the sides and front of the abdomen. It is one of the muscles that make up the abdominal wall and is responsible for flexing and rotating the trunk.

The internal abdominal oblique is located inferior to the trapezius. This means that it is positioned below the trapezius muscle.

The correct answer is Deltoid. The deltoid muscle is located in the shoulder and is responsible for various movements of the arm, such as abduction, flexion, and extension. It is a triangular-shaped muscle that covers the shoulder joint and gives the shoulder its rounded appearance. The other options listed are muscles in different areas of the body and do not refer to muscle number 8.

The correct answer is External abdominal oblique. The external abdominal oblique is a muscle located in the abdomen. It is one of the four muscles that make up the abdominal wall. This muscle is responsible for flexing and rotating the trunk, as well as providing support to the abdominal organs.

The external intercostal muscles originate from the lower border of the rib.

The serratus anterior is located superior to the external abdominal oblique. This means that it is positioned above the external abdominal oblique.

The serratus anterior muscles are responsible for protracting the scapula, which means they pull the scapula forward and away from the spine. This action is important for movements like reaching forward or pushing objects away from the body. Therefore, the statement "The action of the serratus anterior muscles is to protract the scapula" is true.

The rotatores group muscles are indeed responsible for extending and rotating the vertebral column. These muscles, located deep within the back, help to maintain the stability and mobility of the spine. When contracted, they assist in extending the spine, allowing for backward bending, and also aid in rotating the spine, enabling twisting movements. Therefore, the statement is true.

The trapezius muscle is not the origin and insertion of the humerus. The trapezius muscle originates from the occipital bone, the ligamentum nuchae, and the spinous processes of the C7-T12 vertebrae, and it inserts onto the clavicle, the acromion process of the scapula, and the spine of the scapula. The humerus is not directly connected to the trapezius muscle. Therefore, the statement is false.

The Longissimus group belongs to the Erector spinae group.

The rectus abdominis muscle is the correct answer because it originates from the pubis and inserts into the inferior thoracic cage. This muscle is located in the front of the abdomen and is responsible for flexing the trunk and compressing the abdominal contents. It is commonly referred to as the "six-pack" muscle due to its appearance in individuals with low body fat.

The external intercostals muscle is responsible for expanding the thorax during inhalation. It originates from the ribs and helps in elevating the ribcage, allowing for increased lung capacity and air intake. This muscle is located between the ribs and plays a crucial role in the process of breathing.

The correct answer is Trapezius. The trapezius muscle originates from the upper vertebral column and inserts into the scapula. It is a large muscle that extends from the base of the skull down to the mid-back. Its primary functions include moving and stabilizing the shoulder blades, as well as supporting the neck and upper back.

The trapezius muscle is responsible for extending the head and neck. This muscle helps to tilt the head backward and extend the neck, allowing for movements such as looking up at the ceiling or raising the head. It is not involved in compressing the thorax, holding the body upright, extending the arm, or abducting the arm.

The correct answer is Interspinales group. The Interspinales group is a muscle group that extends the back and neck. Its origin is the spinous processes of the vertebrae.

The rhomboideus muscle is positioned superior to the external abdominal oblique. This means that it is located above or higher than the external abdominal oblique muscle in the body.

The correct answer is Linea alba. The linea alba is a fibrous structure that runs vertically in the midline of the abdomen, dividing the rectus abdominis muscles into left and right halves. It is not a muscle itself, but rather a connective tissue. The other options listed are all muscles or ligaments that are not directly related to the linea alba.

The correct answer is Inguinal ligament. The inguinal ligament is a band of tissue that runs from the anterior superior iliac spine to the pubic tubercle. It forms the lower border of the inguinal canal and helps to support the groin area. The other options listed are not muscles, but rather different structures in the body.

The muscle 19 on the posterior view of the back is the Quadratus lumborum.

The correct answer is "gluteus maximus." The gluteus maximus is the largest muscle in the buttocks and is responsible for hip extension and external rotation. It gives the buttocks their shape and provides power for activities such as running, jumping, and climbing stairs.

The correct answer is Trapezius. The trapezius muscle is a large muscle located in the upper back and neck region. It is named after its trapezoid shape and is responsible for various movements of the shoulder blades and neck. It helps in stabilizing and moving the shoulder girdle, allowing for movements such as shrugging, pulling the shoulder blades together, and tilting the head.

The correct origin for the Quadratus lumborum is the Iliolumbar ligament. This ligament connects the transverse process of the fifth lumbar vertebra to the iliac crest. The Quadratus lumborum muscle is located in the lower back and plays a role in stabilizing the spine and assisting in movements such as lateral flexion and extension of the trunk.

The correct answer is Serratus Anterior. The Serratus Anterior is a muscle located on the side of the chest that helps to stabilize and move the scapula (shoulder blade). It is named "serratus" because its appearance resembles a saw with its serrated edges. This muscle plays an important role in activities that involve pushing, pulling, and reaching, such as lifting weights or throwing a ball.

The muscle displayed in the image is the Infraspinatus. It has its origin at the scapula and its insertion at the humerus.

The Internal Oblique muscles originate from both the pelvis and the lumbodorsal fascia. The pelvis is a bony structure located at the base of the spine, while the lumbodorsal fascia is a strong connective tissue that runs along the lower back. These two origins provide attachment points for the Internal Oblique muscles, allowing them to function in various movements of the trunk and abdomen.

The internal intercostals muscle is the correct answer because it is located between the ribs and is responsible for the downward movement of the ribcage during exhalation. It originates from the superior border of one rib and inserts into the inferior border of the rib above it. This arrangement allows the muscle to contract and pull the ribs downward, assisting in the process of exhalation.

The umbilicus, also known as the belly button, is the correct answer. It is the scar marking the site of attachment of the umbilical cord in the fetus. The other options, such as Pectoralis major, Serratus anterior, Linea alba, Rectus abdominis, and External oblique, are all muscles or anatomical structures that are not specifically related to the navel or umbilical cord attachment.

The pectoralis minor muscle is responsible for depressing the scapula. Located underneath the pectoralis major muscle, it attaches to the scapula and ribs. When contracted, it pulls the scapula downward, allowing for movements such as downward rotation and depression of the shoulder blade.

The Levator Scapulae is a muscle located in the neck and upper back region. Its main function is to elevate the scapula, or shoulder blade. When the Levator Scapulae contracts, it pulls the scapula upward towards the ear, allowing for movements such as shrugging or lifting the shoulder. This muscle also helps in stabilizing the scapula during certain arm movements.

The origin of the External Abdominal Oblique is the inferior thoracic cage. This means that this muscle originates from the lower part of the rib cage. It attaches to the lower ribs and extends downwards towards the abdominal region. The External Abdominal Oblique plays a role in flexing and rotating the trunk, as well as providing support to the abdominal wall.

The Erector spinae and Iliocostalis groups originate from various regions of the pelvis and ribs. This means that these muscles have attachment points in different areas of the pelvis and ribs. They do not originate from the cervical and thoracic vertebrae, ribs, transverse processes of vertebrae, or spinous processes of vertebrae.

The latissimus dorsi is located anterior to the trapezius. This means that it is positioned in front of or in front of the trapezius muscle.

The splenius group of muscles is responsible for rotating, extending, and laterally flexing the neck. These muscles are located in the back of the neck and upper back. They work together to allow movements such as turning the head, looking up or down, and tilting the head to the side.

The serratus anterior muscle is responsible for protecting the scapula. This muscle is located on the side of the chest and attaches to the scapula, helping to stabilize and protect it during movement. It is involved in protraction and upward rotation of the scapula, which helps to prevent injuries to the shoulder joint.

The Spinalis group is the muscle group in which the origin is the lower cervical or lower thoracic/upper lumbar vertebrae.

The muscle 18 on the posterior view of the back is the Interspinales group.

The external abdominal oblique is located to the left of the internal abdominal oblique.

The muscles that have the action "compresses abdomen" are the External Abdominal Oblique, Internal Abdominal Oblique, Transversus abdominis, and Internal Intercostals. These muscles work together to contract and compress the abdomen, providing support and stability to the core. The External Abdominal Oblique and Internal Abdominal Oblique muscles are located on the sides of the abdomen, while the Transversus abdominis muscle is deep within the abdomen. The Internal Intercostals are located between the ribs and assist in breathing and stabilizing the trunk.

The multifidus group and rotatores group are the muscle groups that function to extend and rotate the vertebral column. The multifidus muscles are deep muscles that span multiple vertebrae and help to stabilize and extend the spine. The rotatores muscles are small muscles that connect each individual vertebra and assist in rotating the spine. Together, these muscle groups work to provide stability and movement to the vertebral column.

The Semispinalis group and Spinalis group are the muscle groups that function to extend the neck or vertebral column. These muscles are responsible for straightening and lengthening the spine, allowing for movements such as looking up or arching the back.

The levator scapulae muscle is located to the left of the trapezius muscle.

The muscle groups that function to extend the neck or vertebral column are the Spinalis Group, Transversospinales Group, and Semispinalis Group. These muscle groups work together to help straighten and lengthen the spine, allowing for movements such as looking upwards or arching the back. The Spinalis Group is located in the middle of the back and helps to extend and rotate the spine. The Transversospinales Group is a deep muscle group that runs along the spine and assists in extension and rotation. The Semispinalis Group is a superficial muscle group that also aids in extension and rotation of the spine.