Muscles Of The Trunk
Welcome to the advanced human anatomy and physiology electronic classroom of the 21st Century. In this test, the muscles are presented by their location, trunk. You can Mitchell's Cosmic Adventure under the tab "Human Anatomy" and "lecture notes" to use various software to learn and tutorial programs on the muscular system.
You have an unlimited number of attempts to improve your knowledge and test-taking skills. Each attempt will generate a new set of questions and re-ordered answers.
I wish you the very best of luck during the testing period.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
What is the name of muscle number - 1?
- A.
Internal Intercostals
- B.
External Abdominal Oblique
- C.
Teres Major
- D.
Deltoid
Correct Answer
B. External Abdominal ObliqueExplanation
The correct answer is External Abdominal Oblique. The external abdominal oblique is a muscle located on the sides and front of the abdomen. It is one of the muscles that make up the abdominal wall and is responsible for flexing and rotating the trunk.Rate this question:
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- 2.
What is the name of muscle number - 2?
- A.
Internal Intercostals
- B.
External Abdominal Oblique
- C.
Inguinal ligament
- D.
Rectum Abdominus
Correct Answer
C. Inguinal ligamentExplanation
The correct answer is Inguinal ligament. The inguinal ligament is a band of tissue that runs from the anterior superior iliac spine to the pubic tubercle. It forms the lower border of the inguinal canal and helps to support the groin area. The other options listed are not muscles, but rather different structures in the body.Rate this question:
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- 3.
What is the name of muscle number - 3?
- A.
Serratus Anterior
- B.
External Abdominal Oblique
- C.
Inguinal ligament
- D.
Rhomboideus
- E.
Erector Spinae
Correct Answer
A. Serratus AnteriorExplanation
The correct answer is Serratus Anterior. The Serratus Anterior is a muscle located on the side of the chest that helps to stabilize and move the scapula (shoulder blade). It is named "serratus" because its appearance resembles a saw with its serrated edges. This muscle plays an important role in activities that involve pushing, pulling, and reaching, such as lifting weights or throwing a ball.Rate this question:
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- 4.
What is the name of muscle number 12?
- A.
Latissimus Dorsi
- B.
Trapezius
- C.
Infraspinatus
- D.
Deltoid
- E.
Erector Spinae
Correct Answer
B. TrapeziusExplanation
The correct answer is Trapezius. The trapezius muscle is a large muscle located in the upper back and neck region. It is named after its trapezoid shape and is responsible for various movements of the shoulder blades and neck. It helps in stabilizing and moving the shoulder girdle, allowing for movements such as shrugging, pulling the shoulder blades together, and tilting the head.Rate this question:
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- 5.
What is the name of muscle number 8?
- A.
Latissimus Dorsi
- B.
Trapezius
- C.
Infraspinatus
- D.
Deltoid
- E.
Erector Spinae
Correct Answer
D. DeltoidExplanation
The correct answer is Deltoid. The deltoid muscle is located in the shoulder and is responsible for various movements of the arm, such as abduction, flexion, and extension. It is a triangular-shaped muscle that covers the shoulder joint and gives the shoulder its rounded appearance. The other options listed are muscles in different areas of the body and do not refer to muscle number 8.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Which muscle has ribs as the origin and insertion is the edge of next rib (superiorly)?
- A.
Erector Spinae
- B.
External Intercostals
- C.
Internal Intercostals
- D.
Latissimus dorsi
- E.
Deltoid
Correct Answer
C. Internal IntercostalsExplanation
The internal intercostals muscle is the correct answer because it is located between the ribs and is responsible for the downward movement of the ribcage during exhalation. It originates from the superior border of one rib and inserts into the inferior border of the rib above it. This arrangement allows the muscle to contract and pull the ribs downward, assisting in the process of exhalation.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Which one of the muscles displayed in the image below has an origin of the scapula and humerus is the insertion?
- A.
Trapezius
- B.
Deltoid
- C.
Infraspinatus
- D.
Levator Scapulae
- E.
Transversus Abdominis
Correct Answer
C. InfraspinatusExplanation
The muscle displayed in the image is the Infraspinatus. It has its origin at the scapula and its insertion at the humerus.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Which muscle displayed in the image below has origin (upper vertebral column) and insertion (scapula)?
- A.
Trapezius
- B.
Deltoid
- C.
Infraspinatus
- D.
Levator Scapulae
- E.
Transversus Abdominis
Correct Answer
A. TrapeziusExplanation
The correct answer is Trapezius. The trapezius muscle originates from the upper vertebral column and inserts into the scapula. It is a large muscle that extends from the base of the skull down to the mid-back. Its primary functions include moving and stabilizing the shoulder blades, as well as supporting the neck and upper back.Rate this question:
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- 9.
What is name of the muscles which compose the buttocks? (Hint: Please enter your answers using all lower case letters.)
Correct Answer
gluteus maximusExplanation
The correct answer is "gluteus maximus." The gluteus maximus is the largest muscle in the buttocks and is responsible for hip extension and external rotation. It gives the buttocks their shape and provides power for activities such as running, jumping, and climbing stairs.Rate this question:
- 10.
What is the correct action for the trapezius?
- A.
Compresses thorax
- B.
Holds body upright
- C.
Extends head, neck
- D.
Extends arm
- E.
Abducts arm
Correct Answer
C. Extends head, neckExplanation
The trapezius muscle is responsible for extending the head and neck. This muscle helps to tilt the head backward and extend the neck, allowing for movements such as looking up at the ceiling or raising the head. It is not involved in compressing the thorax, holding the body upright, extending the arm, or abducting the arm.Rate this question:
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- 11.
The latissimus dorsi is located _____ to the trapezius.
- A.
Superior
- B.
Anterior
- C.
Left
- D.
Right
Correct Answer
B. AnteriorExplanation
The latissimus dorsi is located anterior to the trapezius. This means that it is positioned in front of or in front of the trapezius muscle.Rate this question:
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- 12.
What position is the rhomboideus to the external abdominal oblique?
- A.
Anterior
- B.
Superior
- C.
Lateral
- D.
Right
- E.
Inferior
Correct Answer
B. SuperiorExplanation
The rhomboideus muscle is positioned superior to the external abdominal oblique. This means that it is located above or higher than the external abdominal oblique muscle in the body.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Which muscle protects the scapula?
- A.
Serratus anterior
- B.
Pectoralis minor
- C.
Teres minor
- D.
Subscapularis
- E.
Deltoid
Correct Answer
A. Serratus anteriorExplanation
The serratus anterior muscle is responsible for protecting the scapula. This muscle is located on the side of the chest and attaches to the scapula, helping to stabilize and protect it during movement. It is involved in protraction and upward rotation of the scapula, which helps to prevent injuries to the shoulder joint.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Which of the following muscles has the action "compresses abdomen"? (hint: this is a multiple answer question.)
- A.
External Abdominal Oblique
- B.
Internal Abdominal Oblique
- C.
Transversus abdominus
- D.
Trapezius
- E.
Erector spinae
- F.
Internal Intercostals
Correct Answer(s)
A. External Abdominal Oblique
B. Internal Abdominal Oblique
C. Transversus abdominus
F. Internal IntercostalsExplanation
The muscles that have the action "compresses abdomen" are the External Abdominal Oblique, Internal Abdominal Oblique, Transversus abdominis, and Internal Intercostals. These muscles work together to contract and compress the abdomen, providing support and stability to the core. The External Abdominal Oblique and Internal Abdominal Oblique muscles are located on the sides of the abdomen, while the Transversus abdominis muscle is deep within the abdomen. The Internal Intercostals are located between the ribs and assist in breathing and stabilizing the trunk.Rate this question:
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- 15.
The action of the serratus anterior muscles is to protract the scapula.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The serratus anterior muscles are responsible for protracting the scapula, which means they pull the scapula forward and away from the spine. This action is important for movements like reaching forward or pushing objects away from the body. Therefore, the statement "The action of the serratus anterior muscles is to protract the scapula" is true.Rate this question:
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- 16.
What is the origin of the external intercostals muscles?
- A.
Rib (lower border)
- B.
Lower circumference of thorax
- C.
Ligamentum nuchae
- D.
Scapula
- E.
Diaphragm
Correct Answer
A. Rib (lower border)Explanation
The external intercostal muscles originate from the lower border of the rib.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Which muscle of the abdominal wall has it origin (pubis) and insertion (inferior thoracic cage)?
- A.
Pectoralis major
- B.
Serratus anterior
- C.
Linea alba
- D.
Rectus abdominis
- E.
External oblique
- F.
Umbilicus
Correct Answer
D. Rectus abdominisExplanation
The rectus abdominis muscle is the correct answer because it originates from the pubis and inserts into the inferior thoracic cage. This muscle is located in the front of the abdomen and is responsible for flexing the trunk and compressing the abdominal contents. It is commonly referred to as the "six-pack" muscle due to its appearance in individuals with low body fat.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Which muscle is near the navel; the scar marking the site of attachment of the umbilical cord in the fetus.
- A.
Pectoralis major
- B.
Serratus anterior
- C.
Linea alba
- D.
Rectus abdominis
- E.
External oblique
- F.
Umbilicus
Correct Answer
F. UmbilicusExplanation
The umbilicus, also known as the belly button, is the correct answer. It is the scar marking the site of attachment of the umbilical cord in the fetus. The other options, such as Pectoralis major, Serratus anterior, Linea alba, Rectus abdominis, and External oblique, are all muscles or anatomical structures that are not specifically related to the navel or umbilical cord attachment.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Select the correct origin for the Quadratus lumborum.
- A.
Iliolumbar ligament
- B.
Lumbodorsal fascia
- C.
Vertebrae
- D.
Last rib
- E.
Humerus
Correct Answer
A. Iliolumbar ligamentExplanation
The correct origin for the Quadratus lumborum is the Iliolumbar ligament. This ligament connects the transverse process of the fifth lumbar vertebra to the iliac crest. The Quadratus lumborum muscle is located in the lower back and plays a role in stabilizing the spine and assisting in movements such as lateral flexion and extension of the trunk.Rate this question:
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- 20.
What is muscle 19 on the posterior view of the back?
- A.
Quadratus lumborum
- B.
Mulitifidus (lumbar portion)
- C.
Semispinalis cervicis
- D.
Longissumus thoracis
Correct Answer
A. Quadratus lumborumExplanation
The muscle 19 on the posterior view of the back is the Quadratus lumborum.Rate this question:
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- 21.
What is muscle 18 on the posterior view of the back?
- A.
Quadratus lumborum group
- B.
Mulitifidus (lumbar portion)
- C.
Semispinalis cervicis
- D.
Longissumus thoracis
- E.
Interspinales group
Correct Answer
E. Interspinales groupExplanation
The muscle 18 on the posterior view of the back is the Interspinales group.Rate this question:
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- 22.
What muscle is letter D?
- A.
Linea alba
- B.
Inguinal ligament
- C.
Transverse abdominis
- D.
External abdominal oblique
- E.
Internal abdominal oblique
Correct Answer
A. Linea albaExplanation
The correct answer is Linea alba. The linea alba is a fibrous structure that runs vertically in the midline of the abdomen, dividing the rectus abdominis muscles into left and right halves. It is not a muscle itself, but rather a connective tissue. The other options listed are all muscles or ligaments that are not directly related to the linea alba.Rate this question:
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- 23.
What is the name of muscle 10?
- A.
Rectum abdominis
- B.
Transversus abdominus
- C.
Teres major
- D.
Diaphragm
- E.
Levator scapulae
Correct Answer
A. Rectum abdominisExplanation
The rectus abdominis muscle is commonly known as the "six-pack" muscle. It is a long, flat muscle that extends vertically along the abdomen and is responsible for flexing the trunk, as well as supporting and stabilizing the core. It is located in the anterior (front) part of the abdomen and is one of the major muscles involved in maintaining good posture and providing strength to the abdominal region.Rate this question:
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- 24.
What is the name of muscle 4?
- A.
Rectum abdominis
- B.
Transversus abdominus
- C.
Teres major
- D.
External abdominal oblique
- E.
Levator scapulae
Correct Answer
D. External abdominal obliqueExplanation
The correct answer is External abdominal oblique. The external abdominal oblique is a muscle located in the abdomen. It is one of the four muscles that make up the abdominal wall. This muscle is responsible for flexing and rotating the trunk, as well as providing support to the abdominal organs.Rate this question:
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- 25.
The Longissimus group belong to _____ _____ group.
- A.
Erector spinae
- B.
Tranversospinales
- C.
Deep Transverse perinei
- D.
Splenius
Correct Answer
A. Erector spinaeExplanation
The Longissimus group belongs to the Erector spinae group.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Which muscle group extends back and neck and it's origin are spinous processes of vertebrae?
- A.
Interspinales group
- B.
Rotatores group
- C.
Iliocostalis group
Correct Answer
A. Interspinales groupExplanation
The correct answer is Interspinales group. The Interspinales group is a muscle group that extends the back and neck. Its origin is the spinous processes of the vertebrae.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Identify the muscle group(s) that are functions to extends neck or vertebral column.
- A.
Semispinalis group
- B.
Spinalis group
- C.
Iliocostalis group
- D.
Multifidus group
- E.
Splenius group
- F.
Longissimus group
Correct Answer(s)
A. Semispinalis group
B. Spinalis groupExplanation
The Semispinalis group and Spinalis group are the muscle groups that function to extend the neck or vertebral column. These muscles are responsible for straightening and lengthening the spine, allowing for movements such as looking up or arching the back.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Identify the muscle group(s) that are functions to extends, rotates vertebral column.
- A.
Semispinalis group
- B.
Spinalis group
- C.
Iliocostalis group
- D.
Multifidus group
- E.
Splenius group
- F.
Longissimus group
- G.
Rotatores group
Correct Answer(s)
D. Multifidus group
G. Rotatores groupExplanation
The multifidus group and rotatores group are the muscle groups that function to extend and rotate the vertebral column. The multifidus muscles are deep muscles that span multiple vertebrae and help to stabilize and extend the spine. The rotatores muscles are small muscles that connect each individual vertebra and assist in rotating the spine. Together, these muscle groups work to provide stability and movement to the vertebral column.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Identify the muscle group(s) that are functions to rotate, extends neck and flexes neck laterally.
- A.
Semispinalis group
- B.
Spinalis group
- C.
Iliocostalis group
- D.
Multifidus group
- E.
Splenius group
- F.
Longissimus group
- G.
Rotatores group
Correct Answer
E. Splenius groupExplanation
The splenius group of muscles is responsible for rotating, extending, and laterally flexing the neck. These muscles are located in the back of the neck and upper back. They work together to allow movements such as turning the head, looking up or down, and tilting the head to the side.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Identify the muscle group(s) in which the origin is the lower cervical or lower thoracic/upper lumbar vertebrae.
- A.
Semispinalis group
- B.
Spinalis group
- C.
Iliocostalis group
- D.
Multifidus group
- E.
Splenius group
- F.
Longissimus group
- G.
Rotatores group
Correct Answer
B. Spinalis groupExplanation
The Spinalis group is the muscle group in which the origin is the lower cervical or lower thoracic/upper lumbar vertebrae.Rate this question:
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- 31.
Which muscle has an origin (ribs) and function (expands thorax)?
- A.
External Intercostals
- B.
Internal Intercostals
- C.
Medial Intercostals
- D.
Supraspinatus
- E.
Teres Minor
Correct Answer
A. External IntercostalsExplanation
The external intercostals muscle is responsible for expanding the thorax during inhalation. It originates from the ribs and helps in elevating the ribcage, allowing for increased lung capacity and air intake. This muscle is located between the ribs and plays a crucial role in the process of breathing.Rate this question:
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- 32.
What is the origin of the External Abdominal Oblique? (Please enter your answers in all lower case.)
Correct Answer
inferior thoracic cageExplanation
The origin of the External Abdominal Oblique is the inferior thoracic cage. This means that this muscle originates from the lower part of the rib cage. It attaches to the lower ribs and extends downwards towards the abdominal region. The External Abdominal Oblique plays a role in flexing and rotating the trunk, as well as providing support to the abdominal wall.Rate this question:
- 33.
What is the function of the Levator Scapulae? (Please enter answers in lower case.)
Correct Answer
elevates scapulaExplanation
The Levator Scapulae is a muscle located in the neck and upper back region. Its main function is to elevate the scapula, or shoulder blade. When the Levator Scapulae contracts, it pulls the scapula upward towards the ear, allowing for movements such as shrugging or lifting the shoulder. This muscle also helps in stabilizing the scapula during certain arm movements.Rate this question:
- 34.
Which muscle depresses scapula?
- A.
Pectoralis Minor
- B.
Pectoralis Major
- C.
Trapezius
- D.
Deltoid
Correct Answer
A. Pectoralis MinorExplanation
The pectoralis minor muscle is responsible for depressing the scapula. Located underneath the pectoralis major muscle, it attaches to the scapula and ribs. When contracted, it pulls the scapula downward, allowing for movements such as downward rotation and depression of the shoulder blade.Rate this question:
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- 35.
The origin (scapula) and insertion (humerus) is the trapezius.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The trapezius muscle is not the origin and insertion of the humerus. The trapezius muscle originates from the occipital bone, the ligamentum nuchae, and the spinous processes of the C7-T12 vertebrae, and it inserts onto the clavicle, the acromion process of the scapula, and the spine of the scapula. The humerus is not directly connected to the trapezius muscle. Therefore, the statement is false.Rate this question:
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- 36.
What is the origin of the Erector spinae and Iliocostalis groups?
- A.
Various regions of the pelvis and ribs
- B.
Cervical and thoracic vertebrae, ribs
- C.
Transverse processes of vertebrae
- D.
Spinous processes of vertebrae
Correct Answer
A. Various regions of the pelvis and ribsExplanation
The Erector spinae and Iliocostalis groups originate from various regions of the pelvis and ribs. This means that these muscles have attachment points in different areas of the pelvis and ribs. They do not originate from the cervical and thoracic vertebrae, ribs, transverse processes of vertebrae, or spinous processes of vertebrae.Rate this question:
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- 37.
Identify the muscle groups with function (extends neck or vertebral column). (This is a multiple answer question.)
- A.
Spinalis Group
- B.
Transversospinales Group
- C.
Semispinalis Group
- D.
Splenius
- E.
Longissumus Group
Correct Answer(s)
A. Spinalis Group
B. Transversospinales Group
C. Semispinalis GroupExplanation
The muscle groups that function to extend the neck or vertebral column are the Spinalis Group, Transversospinales Group, and Semispinalis Group. These muscle groups work together to help straighten and lengthen the spine, allowing for movements such as looking upwards or arching the back. The Spinalis Group is located in the middle of the back and helps to extend and rotate the spine. The Transversospinales Group is a deep muscle group that runs along the spine and assists in extension and rotation. The Semispinalis Group is a superficial muscle group that also aids in extension and rotation of the spine.Rate this question:
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- 38.
The rotatores group muscles has the function to extend and rotate vertebral column.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The rotatores group muscles are indeed responsible for extending and rotating the vertebral column. These muscles, located deep within the back, help to maintain the stability and mobility of the spine. When contracted, they assist in extending the spine, allowing for backward bending, and also aid in rotating the spine, enabling twisting movements. Therefore, the statement is true.Rate this question:
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- 39.
What is the origin of the Internal Oblique muscles? (Please enter your answer in lower case.)
Correct Answer
pelvis
lumbodorsal fasciaExplanation
The Internal Oblique muscles originate from both the pelvis and the lumbodorsal fascia. The pelvis is a bony structure located at the base of the spine, while the lumbodorsal fascia is a strong connective tissue that runs along the lower back. These two origins provide attachment points for the Internal Oblique muscles, allowing them to function in various movements of the trunk and abdomen.Rate this question:
- 40.
Levator scapulae is located _____ to the trapezius.
- A.
Superior
- B.
Inferior
- C.
Left
- D.
Right
Correct Answer
C. LeftExplanation
The levator scapulae muscle is located to the left of the trapezius muscle.Rate this question:
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- 41.
Internal abdominal oblique is located _____ of the trapezius.
- A.
Superior
- B.
Inferior
- C.
Left
- D.
Right
Correct Answer
B. InferiorExplanation
The internal abdominal oblique is located inferior to the trapezius. This means that it is positioned below the trapezius muscle.Rate this question:
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- 42.
The serratus anterior is located _____ of the external abdominal oblique.
- A.
Superior
- B.
Inferior
- C.
Left
- D.
Right
Correct Answer
A. SuperiorExplanation
The serratus anterior is located superior to the external abdominal oblique. This means that it is positioned above the external abdominal oblique.Rate this question:
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- 43.
The external abdominal oblique is located _____ of the internal abdominal oblique.
- A.
Superior
- B.
Inferior
- C.
Left
- D.
Right
Correct Answer
C. LeftExplanation
The external abdominal oblique is located to the left of the internal abdominal oblique.Rate this question:
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.jpg "What is the correct action for the trapezius?")
.jpg "The latissimus dorsi is located _____ to the trapezius.")
.jpg "Which of the following muscles has the action \"compresses abdomen\"? (hint: this is a multiple answer question.)")
.jpg "What is muscle 19 on the posterior view of the back?")
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