First Quarterly Examination In Biotechnology

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1/58 Questions

What is biotechnology? How would you explain biotechnology to a friend? (3 pts)

About This Quiz

This examination includes the introduction of biotechnology, cell types, parts, and functions, cell transport, cell division and ATP.

First Quarterly Examination In Biotechnology - Quiz

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2.

What kind of cells do plants have?
- Eukaryotic
- Prokaryotic
Correct Answer

A. Eukaryotic

Explanation

Plants have eukaryotic cells because they are multicellular organisms and eukaryotic cells are found in all multicellular organisms. Eukaryotic cells are characterized by having a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, such as mitochondria and chloroplasts, which are essential for various cellular functions. This is in contrast to prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Therefore, plants have eukaryotic cells.

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3.

What kind of cells do bacteria have?
- Prokaryotic
- Eukaryotic
Correct Answer

A. Prokaryotic

Explanation

Bacteria have prokaryotic cells, which means they lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Prokaryotic cells are simpler in structure compared to eukaryotic cells, which have a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Bacteria are single-celled organisms that belong to the prokaryote domain. Their prokaryotic cells allow them to carry out essential functions such as reproduction, metabolism, and response to stimuli.

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4.

What kind of cells do humans have?
- Prokaryotic
- Eukaryotic
Correct Answer

A. Eukaryotic

Explanation

Humans have eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells are characterized by having a true nucleus, which contains the genetic material, and membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. These cells are more complex than prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus and organelles. In humans, eukaryotic cells make up all the tissues and organs in the body, including skin, muscles, and organs like the heart and brain.

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1
5.

All living things have multiple cells.
- False
- True
Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

This statement is false because not all living things have multiple cells. There are single-celled organisms, such as bacteria and protists, that only have one cell. Therefore, it is incorrect to say that all living things have multiple cells.

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6.

Prokaroyotic is
- Large cell
- Small cell with no nucleus
- Large cell with no nucleus
- Small cell with a nucleus
Correct Answer

A. Small cell with no nucleus

Explanation

Prokaryotic cells are small cells that lack a nucleus. Unlike eukaryotic cells, which have a well-defined nucleus that houses the genetic material, prokaryotic cells have their DNA floating freely in the cytoplasm. These cells are typically found in bacteria and archaea. They are characterized by their simplicity and lack of membrane-bound organelles. Prokaryotic cells are able to carry out essential cellular functions, such as protein synthesis and energy production, despite their small size and lack of a nucleus.

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7.

Chromosomes in a eukaryotic cell are found in the
- ER
- Ribosome
- Nucleus
- Cell membrane
Correct Answer

A. Nucleus

Explanation

In eukaryotic cells, chromosomes are found in the nucleus. The nucleus is the membrane-bound organelle that houses the cell's genetic material, including the chromosomes. The chromosomes contain the DNA molecules that carry the genetic information necessary for the cell's functioning and inheritance. The nucleus provides a protected environment for the chromosomes, allowing for proper regulation of gene expression and DNA replication. Therefore, the correct answer is nucleus.

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8.

Cell membrane
- Controls what comes in and out of the cell
- Control center/ brain of cell
- Makes proteins
- Transport system in the cell
Correct Answer

A. Controls what comes in and out of the cell

Explanation

The cell membrane is a selectively permeable barrier that controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell. It regulates the entry and exit of molecules, ions, and nutrients, allowing essential substances to enter while preventing harmful substances from entering. This control is crucial for maintaining the cell's internal environment and ensuring its proper functioning.

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9.

You are looking at a cell under a microscope and it is identified as an "animal" cell undergoing mitosis. which of the following organelles do you not expect to see
- Cell membrane
- Cell wall
- Ribosome
- Nucleus
- Mitochondria
- Chloroplast
- Endoplasmic reticulum
- Chromosomes
Correct Answer(s)

A. Cell wall
A. Chloroplast

Explanation

In animal cells, the presence of a cell wall and chloroplast is not expected. Cell walls are a characteristic feature of plant cells, providing structural support and protection. Chloroplasts are also exclusive to plant cells, as they are responsible for photosynthesis. Therefore, in an animal cell undergoing mitosis, the absence of a cell wall and chloroplast is expected. The other organelles listed (cell membrane, ribosome, nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and chromosomes) are all commonly found in animal cells and play essential roles in various cellular processes.

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10.

The _____________ provides protection for plant and bacterial cells
- Organelle
- Nucleus
- Cell wall
- Cytoplasm
Correct Answer

A. Cell wall

Explanation

The cell wall provides protection for plant and bacterial cells by providing structural support and preventing the cells from bursting or collapsing under pressure. It acts as a barrier against physical damage, pathogens, and environmental stresses. The cell wall is composed of tough and rigid materials such as cellulose in plants and peptidoglycan in bacteria, which give the cells their shape and strength.

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11.

Eukaryotes are ___________, while Prokaryotes are _____________
- Not nucleated, are nucleated
- Square, round
- Bacteria, viruses
- Multicellular, unicellular
Correct Answer

A. Multicellular, unicellular

Explanation

Eukaryotes are multicellular, meaning they are composed of multiple cells that are organized into tissues and organs. Prokaryotes, on the other hand, are unicellular, meaning they consist of a single cell that carries out all necessary functions. This fundamental difference in cellular organization is one of the key distinctions between eukaryotes and prokaryotes.

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12.

Eukaryotes replicate by a process called _________ and __________
- Photosynthesis and respiration
- Mitosis and meiosis
- Spontaneous generation and duplication
- Binary fission
Correct Answer

A. Mitosis and meiosis

Explanation

Eukaryotes replicate through two processes: mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis is a type of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. It is responsible for growth, development, and tissue repair. Meiosis, on the other hand, is a specialized type of cell division that produces gametes (eggs and sperm) with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. It is involved in sexual reproduction and genetic diversity.

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13.

Why are cells shaped the way they are?
- Because of their decreasing SA to V ratio
- So they have room for oxygen
- Because of their function
Correct Answer

A. Because of their function

Explanation

Cells are shaped the way they are because of their specific functions. Different cells have different shapes that allow them to carry out their specialized tasks more efficiently. For example, nerve cells are long and thin, which enables them to transmit electrical signals over long distances. Red blood cells are biconcave in shape, providing a larger surface area for oxygen exchange. Therefore, the shape of cells is determined by their function and helps them perform their specific roles effectively.

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14.

Check a difference between plant and animal cells
- Plants have a cell wall
- Plants have a large vacuole
- Animals have cytoplasm
- Animals have centrioles
- Plants have leucoplasts
- Animals have a cell membrane
Correct Answer(s)

A. Plants have a cell wall
A. Plants have a large vacuole
A. Animals have centrioles
A. Plants have leucoplasts

Explanation

Plants have a cell wall, which is a rigid outer layer that provides support and protection to the cell. Animals, on the other hand, do not have a cell wall. Plants also have a large vacuole, which is a fluid-filled organelle that stores water, nutrients, and waste products. Animals have smaller vacuoles or none at all. Animals have centrioles, which are involved in cell division, while plants do not have centrioles. Lastly, plants have leucoplasts, which are plastids involved in storing starch, lipids, and proteins. Animals do not have leucoplasts.

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15.

Osmosis is diffusion of ONLY water molecules
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

Osmosis is a specific type of diffusion that involves the movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane. It occurs when there is a difference in solute concentration between two solutions separated by the membrane. Water molecules move from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration, in an attempt to equalize the concentration on both sides. Therefore, osmosis is the diffusion of ONLY water molecules, making the statement "True" correct.

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16.

How does facilitated diffusion differ from simple diffusion?
- Requires transport proteins
- Molecules don't move
- Higher temperature required
Correct Answer

A. Requires transport proteins

Explanation

Facilitated diffusion differs from simple diffusion because it requires transport proteins. In facilitated diffusion, molecules move across the cell membrane with the help of specific transport proteins, while in simple diffusion, molecules move directly through the cell membrane without the need for any proteins. The presence of transport proteins allows facilitated diffusion to occur at a faster rate and enables the selective movement of specific molecules.

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17.

Check characteristics of active transport
- High [ ] to low [ ]
- Low [ ] to high [ ]
- Movement against [ ] gradient
- No energy needed from cell
- Requires transport protein
Correct Answer(s)

A. Low [ ] to high [ ]
A. Movement against [ ] gradient
A. Requires transport protein

Explanation

Active transport is a process in which substances are transported across a cell membrane against their concentration gradient, from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration. This movement requires the use of energy from the cell, in the form of ATP. Additionally, active transport relies on transport proteins to facilitate the movement of molecules across the membrane. Therefore, the correct characteristics of active transport are: low [ ] to high [ ], movement against [ ] gradient, and requires transport protein.

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18.

Shortest Phase in Mitosis
- Anaphase
- Prophase
- Metaphase
- Telophase
Correct Answer

A. Metaphase

Explanation

Metaphase is the correct answer because it is the shortest phase in mitosis. During metaphase, the chromosomes align along the equatorial plane of the cell. This alignment is necessary for the equal distribution of genetic material to the daughter cells during cell division. Once the chromosomes are properly aligned, they are ready to be separated and pulled to opposite poles of the cell during anaphase. Prophase and telophase are longer phases that involve the condensation and decondensation of chromosomes, respectively.

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19.

Sister chromatins of each chromosome move towards the opposite poles of the spindle.
- Anaphase
- Prophase
- Telophase
- Metaphase
Correct Answer

A. Anaphase

Explanation

During anaphase, the sister chromatids of each chromosome separate and move towards the opposite poles of the spindle. This is facilitated by the shortening of the microtubules of the spindle fibers, which pull the chromatids apart. As a result, each pole of the spindle receives a complete set of chromosomes, ensuring that each daughter cell will have the correct number of chromosomes. This process is essential for proper cell division and the formation of genetically identical daughter cells.

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20.

The ________ is the basic unit of life.
- Organism
- Cell
- Tissue
- Organ
Correct Answer

A. Cell

Explanation

The correct answer is "Cell". A cell is considered the basic unit of life because it is the smallest structural and functional unit that can perform all the necessary processes for life, such as metabolism, growth, and reproduction. Cells are responsible for carrying out specific functions within an organism and can exist as independent entities or as part of a larger organism. They are the building blocks of all living organisms and are essential for the overall functioning and survival of an organism.

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21.

Which of the following is found both in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
- Nucleus
- Mitochondrion
- Vacuole
- Ribosomes
Correct Answer

A. Nucleus

Explanation

The correct answer is ribosomes. Ribosomes are found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. They are responsible for protein synthesis and can be found in the cytoplasm of both cell types. While eukaryotic cells also have a nucleus, mitochondrion, and vacuole, these organelles are not present in prokaryotic cells.

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22.

Which plasma membrane component can be either found on its surface or embedded in themembrane structure?
- Protein
- Cholesterol
- Carbohydrate
- Phospholipid
Correct Answer

A. Protein

Explanation

Proteins can be found on the surface of the plasma membrane or embedded within the membrane structure. They play a crucial role in various cellular processes such as transport, signaling, and cell adhesion. Some proteins span the entire width of the membrane, forming channels or transporters, while others are attached to the inner or outer surface of the membrane. The presence of proteins in the plasma membrane allows for its dynamic nature and functionality.

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23.

Water moves via osmosis _________.
- Throughout the cytoplasm
- From an area with a high concentration of other solutes to a lower one
- From an area with a high concentration of water to one of lower concentration
- From an area with a low concentration of water to one of higher concentration
Correct Answer

A. From an area with a high concentration of water to one of lower concentration

Explanation

Water moves via osmosis from an area with a high concentration of water to one of lower concentration. Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of higher water concentration to an area of lower water concentration. This process occurs in order to equalize the concentration of solutes on both sides of the membrane.

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24.

The principal force driving movement in diffusion is the __________.
- Temperature
- Particle size
- Concentration gradient
- Membrane surface area
Correct Answer

A. Concentration gradient

Explanation

The concentration gradient refers to the difference in the concentration of particles between two areas. In diffusion, particles move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. This movement occurs because particles tend to spread out and become evenly distributed. Therefore, the concentration gradient is the principal force driving movement in diffusion.

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25.

Which transport mechanism can bring whole cells into a cell?
- Pinocytosis
- Phagocytosis
- Facilitated transport
- Primary active
Correct Answer

A. Phagocytosis

Explanation

Phagocytosis is the process by which cells engulf and ingest large particles or whole cells. It involves the formation of a phagosome, a membrane-bound vesicle that contains the ingested material. This transport mechanism allows the cell to bring in whole cells, such as bacteria or other foreign particles, for various purposes such as immune response or nutrient acquisition. Pinocytosis, on the other hand, involves the uptake of small dissolved molecules or fluids, facilitated transport involves the movement of specific molecules across the cell membrane with the help of carrier proteins, and primary active transport involves the use of ATP to move molecules against their concentration gradient.

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26.

What is the function of ribosomes?
- Control center
- Make proteins
- Protect the cell
- Transport substances in the cell
Correct Answer

A. Make proteins

Explanation

Ribosomes are responsible for the synthesis of proteins within the cell. They are the site where protein production occurs, using the information encoded in the DNA. Ribosomes read the messenger RNA (mRNA) and link together amino acids to form a polypeptide chain, which then folds into a functional protein. Therefore, the correct answer is "make proteins".

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27.

Plant cells have
- Centrioles
- Chloroplasts
- Virus
- Reverse transcriptase
Correct Answer

A. Chloroplasts

Explanation

Plant cells have chloroplasts, which are organelles responsible for photosynthesis. Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, a pigment that captures sunlight and converts it into chemical energy. This process allows plants to produce glucose and oxygen, which are essential for their survival. Unlike animal cells, plant cells have the unique ability to produce their own food through photosynthesis, thanks to the presence of chloroplasts. These organelles are found in the cytoplasm of plant cells and are responsible for the green color of leaves and stems.

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28.

Animal cells do not have
- Cell wall
- Nucleus
- Mitochondria
- Chloroplasts
Correct Answer

A. Chloroplasts

Explanation

Animal cells do not have chloroplasts because chloroplasts are organelles found only in plant cells. Chloroplasts are responsible for photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy. Animal cells obtain energy through other mechanisms such as cellular respiration, which occurs in the mitochondria. The absence of chloroplasts in animal cells is one of the distinguishing features between plant and animal cells.

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29.

What is the "control center" of the cell?
- Cytoplasm
- Mitochondria
- Ms. Jackson
- Nucleus
Correct Answer

A. Nucleus

Explanation

The nucleus is considered the "control center" of the cell because it contains the cell's genetic material, including DNA, which carries the instructions for the cell's functions and characteristics. The nucleus regulates the activities of the cell by controlling gene expression and directing protein synthesis. It also plays a crucial role in cell division and reproduction.

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30.

Which of the following is the function of mitochondrion?
- Controls the movement of materials into and out of the cell.
- Is Mayra's best friend.
- Rides the bus with Max.
- Provides energy for the cell.
Correct Answer

A. Provides energy for the cell.

Explanation

The mitochondrion is known as the "powerhouse" of the cell because it is responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP through a process called cellular respiration. This energy is vital for the cell to carry out its various functions and activities. The other options mentioned in the question, such as controlling the movement of materials or being someone's best friend, do not accurately describe the function of the mitochondrion.

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31.

What does the Cell Theory state?
- That all living things are made of cells
- Every cell has only one nucleus
- That plants cannot have cells
- Animals are only one that have cells
Correct Answer

A. That all living things are made of cells

Explanation

The Cell Theory states that all living things are made of cells. This theory, proposed by Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann in the 19th century, is one of the fundamental principles of biology. It states that cells are the basic building blocks of life and that all living organisms, whether plants, animals, or microorganisms, are composed of cells. This theory revolutionized the understanding of life and laid the foundation for the field of cell biology.

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32.

ATP releases energy when a bond is broken between-
- Two phosphate groups.
- Adenine and ribose.
- Adenine and a phosphate group.
- Ribose and a phosphate group.
Correct Answer

A. Two phosphate groups.

Explanation

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is a molecule that stores and releases energy in cells. It consists of three phosphate groups attached to adenosine. When a bond is broken between two phosphate groups in ATP, energy is released. This is because the bond between phosphate groups is relatively unstable and contains a large amount of potential energy. Breaking this bond allows the energy to be used for cellular processes such as muscle contraction, active transport, and synthesis of molecules. Therefore, the correct answer is that ATP releases energy when a bond is broken between two phosphate groups.

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33.

Which of the following is NOT a part of adenosine diphosphate?
- Three phosphate groups
- Two phosphate groups
- Ribose
- Adenine
Correct Answer

A. Three phosphate groups

Explanation

Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) is a molecule that consists of adenosine, a ribose sugar, and two phosphate groups. The correct answer is "three phosphate groups" because ADP only has two phosphate groups.

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34.

This organelle is the storage structure of the cell
- Vacuole
- Golgi complex
- Nucleus
Correct Answer

A. Vacuole

Explanation

The vacuole is the correct answer because it is a storage structure within the cell. Vacuoles are membrane-bound organelles that store water, nutrients, and waste materials. They play a crucial role in maintaining the cell's turgor pressure, regulating osmotic balance, and storing various substances such as ions, sugars, and proteins. Vacuoles are particularly prominent in plant cells, where they can occupy a large portion of the cell's volume.

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35.

This organelle stores and packages chemicals
- Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
- Centriole
- Golgi complex
Correct Answer

A. Golgi complex

Explanation

The Golgi complex is responsible for storing and packaging chemicals within the cell. It receives proteins and lipids from the endoplasmic reticulum and modifies them, sorting them into vesicles for transport to their final destination. This organelle plays a crucial role in the secretion of proteins and the formation of lysosomes.

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36.

This is the small dark body outside nucleus used during cell division
- Vacuole
- Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
- Centriole
Correct Answer

A. Centriole

Explanation

Centrioles are small dark bodies found outside the nucleus that play a crucial role in cell division. They are responsible for organizing the microtubules that form the spindle fibers during mitosis and meiosis. The spindle fibers help in the separation of chromosomes and the distribution of genetic material to the daughter cells. Therefore, centrioles are essential for the proper division and distribution of genetic material during cell division.

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37.

What is the net movement of water out of cell?
- Isotonic
- Hypotonic
- Hypertonic
Correct Answer

A. Hypertonic

Explanation

In a hypertonic solution, there is a higher concentration of solutes outside the cell compared to inside the cell. This creates a concentration gradient, causing water to move out of the cell through osmosis. As a result, the net movement of water is out of the cell.

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38.

When cell shrinks, what tonicity is it?
- Iso
- Hypo
- Hyper
Correct Answer

A. Hyper

Explanation

When a cell shrinks, it means that water is leaving the cell and the concentration of solutes inside the cell is higher than the concentration outside the cell. This situation is known as hypertonicity, where the extracellular solution has a lower solute concentration compared to the intracellular solution. As a result, water moves out of the cell, causing it to shrink.

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39.

When there is a movement of water but no NET movement, what tonicity is it?
- Iso
- Hypo
- Hyper
Correct Answer

A. Iso

Explanation

When there is a movement of water but no net movement, it indicates that the concentration of solutes inside and outside the cell is equal. This means that the tonicity is isotonic, as there is no net movement of water across the cell membrane. In an isotonic solution, the concentration of solutes is the same inside and outside the cell, resulting in no change in cell volume.

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40.

Cytolysis may occur (cell bursts)
- Iso
- Hypo
- Hyper
Correct Answer

A. Hypo

Explanation

Cytolysis refers to the bursting of a cell due to an imbalance in the concentration of solutes inside and outside the cell. In a hypotonic solution, the concentration of solutes outside the cell is lower than inside the cell. This creates a concentration gradient that causes water to move into the cell, leading to an influx of water and potential swelling. If the influx of water exceeds the cell's capacity to expand, it can result in the bursting or cytolysis of the cell. Therefore, hypo is the correct answer as it describes the condition in which cytolysis may occur.

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41.

Process that moves any material from high concentrations to low concentrations is called ____.
- Diffusion
- Active transport
- Endocytosis
- Osmosis
Correct Answer

A. Diffusion

Explanation

Diffusion is the process that moves any material from high concentrations to low concentrations. It occurs due to the random motion of particles, where they move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until equilibrium is reached. This process is passive and does not require energy expenditure. Active transport, endocytosis, and osmosis involve the movement of materials, but they do not specifically refer to the movement from high concentrations to low concentrations.

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42.

Process in which liquids from the surrounding area are taken into the cell is called ____.
- Phagocytosis
- Pinocytosis
- Exocytosis
- Passive transport
Correct Answer

A. Pinocytosis

Explanation

Pinocytosis is the process in which liquids from the surrounding area are taken into the cell. It involves the formation of small vesicles that engulf the liquid and bring it into the cell. This process is a form of endocytosis, where materials are brought into the cell through the cell membrane. In contrast, exocytosis is the process by which materials are released from the cell, while passive transport refers to the movement of substances across the cell membrane without the use of energy. Phagocytosis, on the other hand, is the process of engulfing and digesting solid particles.

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43.

The compound in which energy is released through the process of cellular respiration is called ____.
- Sunlight
- ATP
- ADP
- Metabolism
Correct Answer

A. ATP

Explanation

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the correct answer. ATP is a compound that stores and releases energy in cells through the process of cellular respiration. It is often referred to as the "energy currency" of the cell because it provides the necessary energy for various cellular activities. During cellular respiration, ATP is produced by breaking down glucose and other organic molecules, releasing energy that can be used by the cell for functions such as muscle contraction, active transport, and synthesis of molecules.

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44.

Osmosis is used to move molecules across the cell membrane. Which of the following are characteristics of osmosis. Check two correct answers.
- Moves molecules from high concentration to low concentration
- Requires energy input
- Moves molecules from low concentration to high concentration
- Involves vesicles to move materials
- Involves water molecules only
Correct Answer

A. Moves molecules from high concentration to low concentration

Explanation

Osmosis is a passive process that occurs without the need for energy input. It involves the movement of water molecules across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. This movement occurs in order to equalize the concentration of solute on both sides of the membrane. Therefore, the correct characteristics of osmosis are that it moves molecules from high concentration to low concentration and it does not require energy input.

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45.

What type of transport would move the starch molecules from left to right without using energy?
- Active
- Passive
- Osmosis
- Affected
Correct Answer

A. Passive

Explanation

Passive transport is the correct answer because it is a type of transport that does not require energy. In passive transport, molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, down their concentration gradient. This can occur through processes such as diffusion or facilitated diffusion. In the context of the question, since the movement of starch molecules from left to right is happening without the input of energy, it is likely occurring through passive transport.

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46.

DNA replication occurs during
- Interphase
- Metaphase
- Anaphase
- Telophase
- Prophase
Correct Answer

A. Interphase

Explanation

During interphase, the cell undergoes various processes, including DNA replication. This is the phase where the cell prepares for cell division by duplicating its genetic material. DNA replication is essential for the accurate transmission of genetic information to daughter cells. It ensures that each new cell receives a complete set of genetic instructions. Therefore, interphase is the correct answer because it is the phase where DNA replication occurs.

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47.

The two main stages of the cell cycle are called
- Mitosis and interphase
- Telophase and cytokinesis
- Interphase and anaphase
- Cytokinesis and mitosis
Correct Answer

A. Mitosis and interphase

Explanation

The cell cycle is a series of events that occur in a cell, leading to its division and the production of two daughter cells. The two main stages of the cell cycle are mitosis and interphase. Mitosis is the stage where the cell's nucleus divides into two identical nuclei, while interphase is the stage where the cell grows, carries out its normal functions, and prepares for division. Therefore, the correct answer is mitosis and interphase.

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48.

The first phase of mitosis is called
- Prophase
- Anaphase
- Metaphase
- Interphase
Correct Answer

A. Prophase

Explanation

Prophase is the correct answer because it is the first phase of mitosis. During prophase, the chromosomes condense and become visible, the nuclear membrane breaks down, and the spindle fibers start to form. This phase prepares the cell for division by organizing and separating the genetic material. Anaphase, metaphase, and interphase are all subsequent phases of mitosis and do not occur before prophase.

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49.

DNA in a cell is copied during _____________.
- G1 phase
- G2 phase
- Cytokinesis
- S phase
Correct Answer

A. S phase

Explanation

During the S phase of the cell cycle, DNA in a cell is copied through a process called DNA replication. This is the phase where the cell's DNA is synthesized, resulting in two identical copies of the genetic material. The S phase is a crucial step in cell division, as it ensures that each daughter cell receives a complete set of DNA.

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Quiz Edited by
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Aug 24, 2016

Quiz Created by
GNHS2016sirjsm

First Quarterly Examination In Biotechnology

What is biotechnology? How would you explain biotechnology to a friend? (3 pts)

Quiz Preview

What kind of cells do plants have?

What kind of cells do bacteria have?

What kind of cells do humans have?

All living things have multiple cells.

Prokaroyotic is

Chromosomes in a eukaryotic cell are found in the

Cell membrane

You are looking at a cell under a microscope and it is identified as an "animal" cell undergoing mitosis. which of the following organelles do you not expect to see

The _____________ provides protection for plant and bacterial cells

Eukaryotes are ___________, while Prokaryotes are _____________

Eukaryotes replicate by a process called _________ and __________

Why are cells shaped the way they are?

Check a difference between plant and animal cells

Osmosis is diffusion of ONLY water molecules

How does facilitated diffusion differ from simple diffusion?

Check characteristics of active transport

Shortest Phase in Mitosis

Sister chromatins of each chromosome move towards the opposite poles of the spindle.

The ________ is the basic unit of life.

Which of the following is found both in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

Which plasma membrane component can be either found on its surface or embedded in themembrane structure?

Water moves via osmosis _________.

The principal force driving movement in diffusion is the __________.

Which transport mechanism can bring whole cells into a cell?

What is the function of ribosomes?

Plant cells have

Animal cells do not have

What is the "control center" of the cell?

Which of the following is the function of mitochondrion?

What does the Cell Theory state?

ATP releases energy when a bond is broken between-

Which of the following is NOT a part of adenosine diphosphate?

This organelle is the storage structure of the cell

This organelle stores and packages chemicals

This is the small dark body outside nucleus used during cell division

What is the net movement of water out of cell?

When cell shrinks, what tonicity is it?

When there is a movement of water but no NET movement, what tonicity is it?

Cytolysis may occur (cell bursts)

Process that moves any material from high concentrations to low concentrations is called ____.

Process in which liquids from the surrounding area are taken into the cell is called ____.

The compound in which energy is released through the process of cellular respiration is called ____.

Osmosis is used to move molecules across the cell membrane. Which of the following are characteristics of osmosis. Check two correct answers.

What type of transport would move the starch molecules from left to right without using energy?

DNA replication occurs during

The two main stages of the cell cycle are called

The first phase of mitosis is called

DNA in a cell is copied during _____________.

Eukaryotes are _, while Prokaryotes are ___

Eukaryotes replicate by a process called _ and __