Biotechnology Preliminary Exam Quiz!

A nucleic acid molecule in the form of a twisted double strand double helix is the major component of chromosomes and carries genetic information.

• DNA 

• RNA

• Nucleus

• Heredity

A collective name for land-use systems and technologies where woody perennials (trees, shrubs, palms, bamboos, etc.)

• Agroforestry

• Forestry

• Biotechnology

• Cytology

A nucleic acid molecule in the form of a twisted double strand double helix is the major component of chromosomes and carries genetic information.

• DNA 

• RNA

• Nucleus

• Heredity

A collective name for land-use systems and technologies where woody perennials (trees, shrubs, palms, bamboos, etc.)

• Agroforestry

• Forestry

• Biotechnology

• Cytology

When was first genetically engineered bacteria were reported.

• 1970's

• 1980's

• 1870's

• 1890's

Father of Biotechnology

• Károly Ereky

• James Dewey Watson

• Ernest Rutherford

• Gifford Pinchot

The natural process that permits growth of leguminous plants on soils in low in N.

• Biological Nitrogen Fixation

• Fixing Nitrogen

• Symbiotic Association

• Rhizobium

Fast growing tree legumes

• Acacia mangium, Falcataria moluccana, Ricinus communis, Glericedia sepium, 

• Shorea astylosa, Shorea contorta, Hopea plagato, Diospryus blancoi

• A. auriculiformis, Falcataria moluccana, Glericedia sepium, Caesalpinia pulcherrima

• Swietenia macrophylla, gmelina arborea, Leucaena leucocephala

Any biology-based technology that uses living organisms or their parts

• Microbiology

• Cytology

• Biotechnology

• Biology

A process that takes place in soil when bacteria oxidize ammonia, turning it into nitrates.

• Nitrogen cycle

• Nitrogen Fixation

• Symbiosis

• Nitrification

The cyclical series of processes in which nitrogen moves through the living and non-living parts of the environment.

• Nitrification

• Nitrogen cycle

• Nitrogen Fixation

• Symbiosis

The process by which nitrogen in the atmosphere is converted into nitrates by the action of bacteria and cyanobacteria.

• Nitrification

• Nitrogen Fixation

• Nitrogen cycle

• Symbiosis

A close relationship between two organisms in which one organism lives near, on, or even inside other organisms and in which at least one organism benefits.

• Nitrification

• Nitrogen cycle

• Nitrogen Fixation

• Symbiosis:

 A structure in vascular plants whose main functions are typically absorption and anchorage.

• Root

• Root Nodules

• Seed

• Stem

Swellings on the roots of leguminous plants that contain bacteria of the genus Rhizobium that convert nitrogen in the soil/air into organic nitrogen compounds.

• Root

• Photosynthesis:

• Root Nodules

• Stem

Are genetically modified microorganisms that are grown symbiotically with crops.

• Biopesticides

• Biotechnology

• Biofertilizers

• Symbiosis

Protect crops from insect pests and guard against further environmental deterioration

• Biofertilizers

• Biopesticides

• Biotechnology

• Symbiosis

It can serve as biopesticides and bioherbicides.

• Allelopathic agents

• Biofertilizer

• Diffusion

• Symbiosis

Any technological application that uses biological systems

• Biotechnology

• Agroforestry

• Forestry

• DNA

A structure in vascular plants whose main functions are typically to carry materials between the roots and leaves and to support the plant

• Root Nodule

• Roots 

• Stem

• Leaves

Enables nitrogen‐fixing bacteria to convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form that is directly available for plant growth.

• Legumes-Rhizobium

• Root nodule symbiosis

• Stem Nodules

• Leaf nodules

Leguminous Species

• Sapotaceae

• Ebenaceae

• Malvaceae

• Fabaceae

Legumes are notable in that most of them have symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria in structures called

• Symbiosis

• Root nodule

• Nitrogen fixation

• Nitrification

Not a Legume

• Cassia fistula

• Afzelia rhomboidea

• Arachis hypogea

• Pittosporum pentandrum

Leguminous Spp.

• Millettia pinnata

• Nephelium lappaceum

• Anacardium occidentale

• Terminalia catappa

A genus of seven species of aquatic ferns in the family Salviniaceae.

• Azobacter

• Azolla

• Bacteria

• Mycorrhiza

Symbiotic association between a green plant and a fungus.

• Actinomycetes

• Mycorrhiza

• Anabaena

• Endomycorrhiza

Nodules occurs at stem

• Glericida sepium

• Trema orientalis

• Sesbania rostrata 

• Arachis hypogea

One of the many bacteria that are capable of converting atmospheric N into plant usable forms.

• Rhizobium

• Actinomycetes

• Mycorrhiza

• Azolla

A rhizobium strain which can invade the root and forms nodule.

• Infective

• Non infective

• Effective

• Non-effective

A rhizobium strain which can invade the root but does not form a nodule.

• Infective

• Non infective

• Option 3

• Option 4

An infective strain which does not fix nitrogen (problem on native rhizobium strain).

• Infective

• Non infective

• Effective

• Non-effective

An infective rhizobium strain which can fix atmosphere nitrogen.

• Infective

• Non infective

• Effective

• Non-effective

Roots is a structure in vascular plants whose main functions are typically is not absorption and anchorage; Root nodule is a swellings on the roots of leguminous plants that contain bacteria of the genus Rhizobium that convert nitrogen.

• All statement is true

• All statement is false

• First statement is true while second statement is false

• First statement is false while second statement is true

Leguminous plants produce their own usable Nitrogen (N) fertilizer by a process called Nitrogen Fixation and this process is possible because of microorganisms called Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria that live symbiotically with the roots of the plants.

• All statement is true      

• All statement is false

• First statement is true while second statement is false

• First statement is false while second statement is true

Biotechnology makes it possible to develop microorganisms serving as natural sources of pesticides and herbicides where bacteria can be mutated to produce chemicals called allelopathic agents which can serve as biopesticides and bioherbicides.

• All statement is true      

• All statement is false

• First statement is true while second statement is false

• First statement is false while second statement is true

Root nodule symbiosis disables nitrogen‐fixing bacteria to convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form that is directly available for plant growth while Biological nitrogen fixation does not have built‐in supply of nitrogen fertilizer for many leguminous species.

• All statement is true      

• All statement is false

• First statement is true while second statement is false

• First statement is false while second statement is true

The genus Trema is in the family Cannabaceae in the major group Gymnosperms (Flowering plants). It is a non-leguminous spp.

• All statement is true      

• All statement is false

• First statement is true while second statement is false

• First statement is false while second statement is true

Casuarina struggles in a lot of ecological zones like beaches, seashores up to highest elevation while Trema orientales is widely planted for land reclamation, valued for its tolerance of poor soils due to its ability to fix Nitrogen.

• All statement is true      

• All statement is false

• First statement is true while second statement is false

• First statement is false while second statement is true

Legumes are notable in that most of them have symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria in structures called root nodule.  Well-known legumes include Mahogany, Gmelina, Manga and etc.

• All statement is true      

• All statement is false

• First statement is true while second statement is false

• First statement is false while second statement is true

The major N2-fixing systems are the symbiotic systems, which can play a significant role in improving the fertility and productivity of low-N soils.

• All statement is true      

• All statement is false

• First statement is true while second statement is false

• First statement is false while second statement is true

Lichens is a composite organism consisting of a fungus and a photosynthetic partner growing together in a symbiotic relationship. A plant without stem and leaves.

• All statement is true

• All statement is false

• First statement is true while second statement is false

• First statement is false while second statement is true

A rhizobium strain which can invade the root and forms nodule is non-infective while a rhizobium strain which can invade the root but does not form a nodule is infective.

• All statement is true      

• All statement is false

• First statement is true while second statement is false

• First statement is false while second statement is true

A plant without stem and leaves and growing on the bark of trees, rocks, etc.

• Bacteria

• Rhizobium

• Lichens

• Azobacter

Responsible for the initial attachment of N2 gas to the active site of the enzyme.

• Iron

• Molybdenum

• Nitrogen

• Cobalt

Protect the oxygen sensitive nitrogenase enzyme from extreme condition.

• Leghemoglobin

• Hemoglobin

• Carbon skeletons

• Enzyme

Responsible for softening the triple bonds of N2.

• Iron

• Molybdenum 

• Cobalt

• Enzyme

Three (3) Stages of Rhizobium Association (5 points)