PTA Global Practice Exam

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  • 1/222 Questions

    Decreased sensitivity to insulin can result in which condition in older adults?

    • Menopause
    • Cardiovascular disease
    • Type 2 diabetes
    • Type 1 diabets
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About This Quiz

The PTA Global Practice Exam assesses knowledge on exercise impacts during pregnancy and aging. It covers gestational diabetes prevention, cardiovascular risk factors, insulin sensitivity, and safe exercises for osteoporosis in older adults, essential for health professionals.

PTA Global Practice Exam - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    Which factor contributes to the aging process?

    • Disease

    • Mortality

    • Demographics

    • Fertility

    Correct Answer
    A. Disease
    Explanation
    Disease contributes to the aging process by causing damage to cells, tissues, and organs in the body. As we age, our immune system weakens, making us more susceptible to diseases. Chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and cancer can accelerate the aging process and lead to premature aging. Additionally, diseases can cause inflammation and oxidative stress, which are known to contribute to cellular aging. Therefore, disease is a significant factor in the aging process.

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  • 3. 

    What should be avoided with older adults suffering from osteoporosis?

    • Uni-lateral resistance training

    • Treadmill exercises

    • Forward spinal flexion

    • Overhead presses

    Correct Answer
    A. Forward spinal flexion
    Explanation
    Forward spinal flexion should be avoided with older adults suffering from osteoporosis. This is because forward spinal flexion can put excessive stress on the spine and increase the risk of fractures in individuals with weakened bones. Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by low bone density and increased vulnerability to fractures. Therefore, activities that involve bending forward at the spine should be avoided to prevent any potential injuries or fractures.

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  • 4. 

    Which body type is likely to carry the greatest amount of body fat?

    • Ectomorph

    • Mesomorph

    • Endomorph

    • Metamorph

    Correct Answer
    A. Endomorph
    Explanation
    Endomorphs are likely to carry the greatest amount of body fat. Endomorphs typically have a slower metabolism and a larger bone structure, which makes it easier for them to gain weight and store fat. They tend to have a rounder and softer body shape, with a higher percentage of body fat compared to ectomorphs and mesomorphs. This body type is often associated with a slower metabolism and a tendency to gain weight more easily.

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  • 5. 

    What is the prime mover of elbow extension?

    • Anoconeus

    • Brachialis

    • Bicep Brachii

    • Tricep Brachii

    Correct Answer
    A. Tricep Brachii
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Tricep Brachii. The tricep brachii muscle is the primary mover of elbow extension. It is located on the back of the upper arm and consists of three heads - the long head, lateral head, and medial head. When the tricep brachii contracts, it causes the extension of the elbow joint, allowing the arm to straighten. The other options listed, such as the anconeus, brachialis, and bicep brachii, are not the primary movers of elbow extension.

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  • 6. 

    Traditionally, dorsi flexion and plantar flexion are viewed as sagittal-plane motions. As integrated perspective would suggest...

    • The foot goes wherever the knee drives it.

    • It makes no difference

    • They are primarily transverse motions

    • That it is dominant in the sagittal plane, yet demands function in the frontal and transverse planes illustrated by lateral and

    Correct Answer
    A. That it is dominant in the sagittal plane, yet demands function in the frontal and transverse planes illustrated by lateral and
    Explanation
    The correct answer is that dorsi flexion and plantar flexion are dominant in the sagittal plane but also require function in the frontal and transverse planes. This is supported by the mention of lateral and transverse movements in the question. This implies that although the primary motion occurs in the sagittal plane, there is also movement required in other planes for proper foot function.

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  • 7. 

    Chemical messengers that travel in the blood and interact with cells to regulate metabolic function are known as

    • Enzymes

    • Eicosanoids

    • Hormones

    • Regulators

    Correct Answer
    A. Hormones
    Explanation
    Hormones are chemical messengers that are produced by various glands in the body and travel through the bloodstream to interact with specific target cells. They play a crucial role in regulating metabolic functions such as growth, development, reproduction, and maintaining homeostasis. Unlike enzymes, which are proteins that catalyze chemical reactions, hormones do not directly participate in metabolic reactions but rather regulate them. Eicosanoids are a class of signaling molecules derived from fatty acids, but they are not the primary regulators of metabolic function. Therefore, the correct answer is hormones.

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  • 8. 

    Which center of the brain enables an individual to use willpower to overcome a craving for dessert?

    • Cerebellum

    • Corpus Callosum

    • Ventral Medial Pre-frontal Cortex

    • Anterior Cingulate Cortex

    Correct Answer
    A. Ventral Medial Pre-frontal Cortex
    Explanation
    The ventral medial pre-frontal cortex is responsible for executive functions such as decision-making, impulse control, and self-regulation. It plays a crucial role in enabling an individual to use willpower to overcome cravings, including the craving for dessert. This region of the brain helps to suppress the immediate desire for gratification and instead focus on long-term goals and self-control.

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  • 9. 

    Which area has the most drastic decrease in blood flow during exercise?

    • Kidneys

    • Skin

    • Heart

    • Brain

    Correct Answer
    A. Brain
    Explanation
    During exercise, the body's priority is to supply oxygen and nutrients to the muscles being used. As a result, blood flow to non-essential organs decreases. The brain, being a vital organ, still requires a steady supply of blood and oxygen, but it experiences a relatively more drastic decrease in blood flow compared to other organs like the kidneys, skin, and heart. This is because the brain is not directly involved in the physical activity and can tolerate a temporary reduction in blood flow without significant consequences.

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  • 10. 

    What functions in the body as a defense against infectious disease?

    • Platelets

    • Plasma

    • Leukocytes

    • Enzymes

    Correct Answer
    A. Leukocytes
    Explanation
    Leukocytes, also known as white blood cells, function as a defense against infectious diseases in the body. These cells are a crucial part of the immune system and play a vital role in identifying and destroying pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Leukocytes are responsible for engulfing and destroying these foreign invaders, preventing them from causing harm and spreading throughout the body. They also produce antibodies that help in neutralizing pathogens and stimulating an immune response. Overall, leukocytes are essential in maintaining the body's defense against infectious diseases.

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  • 11. 

    What helps avoid blood pooling?

    • Hydration

    • Mitral valve

    • Muscle pump

    • Tricuspid valve

    Correct Answer
    A. Muscle pump
    Explanation
    The muscle pump helps avoid blood pooling by contracting and relaxing the muscles surrounding the veins. This action helps to push the blood back towards the heart, preventing it from pooling or accumulating in the veins. The muscle pump is especially important in the lower extremities, where gravity can cause blood to pool in the legs. By contracting the leg muscles through activities such as walking or exercise, the muscle pump helps to maintain proper blood circulation and prevent blood pooling.

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  • 12. 

    What is a fundamental principle of exercise progression?

    • Unstable before stable

    • Dynamic before static

    • Slow before fast

    • Distal mobility before proximal stability

    Correct Answer
    A. Slow before fast
    Explanation
    The fundamental principle of exercise progression is to start with slow movements before progressing to fast movements. This allows the body to adapt and build a solid foundation of strength and stability before adding speed and intensity. By starting slow, individuals can focus on proper form and technique, reducing the risk of injury and ensuring optimal muscle activation. As they become more proficient and confident, they can gradually increase the speed and intensity of their exercises.

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  • 13. 

    Which acronym is used to describe the state in which the body's metabolism is elevated after exercise?

    • DOES

    • EPOC

    • SAID

    • TRUE

    Correct Answer
    A. EPOC
    Explanation
    EPOC stands for Excess Post-Exercise Oxygen Consumption. It refers to the state in which the body's metabolism remains elevated after exercise. During exercise, the body consumes more oxygen to meet the increased energy demands. After exercise, the body continues to consume oxygen at a higher rate to restore energy levels, repair tissues, and remove metabolic waste. This elevated metabolic rate during the recovery period is known as EPOC.

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  • 14. 

    Which is considered a low-density food?

    • Dark green vegetables

    • Fruit

    • Pasta

    • Fish

    Correct Answer
    A. Pasta
    Explanation
    Pasta is considered a low-density food because it has a low calorie and nutrient content compared to its volume. It is often made from refined grains, which are less nutrient-dense than whole grains. Dark green vegetables and fruits are generally high in nutrients and low in calories, making them high-density foods. Fish is also a nutrient-dense food, providing essential omega-3 fatty acids and protein.

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  • 15. 

    Which hormone increases the reabsorption of water in the kidneys?

    • Insulin

    • Glucogon

    • Estrogen

    • Antidiuretic hormone

    Correct Answer
    A. Antidiuretic hormone
    Explanation
    Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is responsible for increasing the reabsorption of water in the kidneys. When the body is dehydrated or the blood volume is low, ADH is released from the pituitary gland and acts on the kidneys to increase water reabsorption. This helps to conserve water and prevent excessive water loss through urine. Insulin and glucagon are hormones involved in regulating blood sugar levels, while estrogen is a female sex hormone. None of these hormones have a direct role in increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys.

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  • 16. 

    Which food contains the least amount of fiber?

    • Bagel

    • Spinach

    • Amaranth

    • Apple

    Correct Answer
    A. Bagel
    Explanation
    Bagel contains the least amount of fiber compared to the other options. While spinach, amaranth, and apple are known for their high fiber content, bagels are typically made from refined flour which has been stripped of its fiber. This makes bagels a low-fiber food choice.

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  • 17. 

    Which is considered a polyunsaturated fat?

    • Flax

    • Olive Oil

    • Avocados

    • Almonds

    Correct Answer
    A. Flax
    Explanation
    Flax is considered a polyunsaturated fat because it contains a high amount of omega-3 fatty acids, which are a type of polyunsaturated fat. Omega-3 fatty acids are essential fats that are beneficial for heart health and have anti-inflammatory properties. Flaxseeds and flaxseed oil are rich sources of omega-3 fatty acids, making them a good choice for individuals looking to incorporate polyunsaturated fats into their diet. Olive oil, avocados, and almonds, on the other hand, are sources of monounsaturated fats.

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  • 18. 

    Which body type is likely to carry the greatest amount of body fat?

    • Ectomorph

    • Mesomorph

    • Endomorph

    • Metamorph

    Correct Answer
    A. Endomorph
    Explanation
    Endomorph body type is likely to carry the greatest amount of body fat. Endomorphs typically have a slower metabolism and a tendency to store excess calories as fat. They have a rounder and softer physique, with a higher percentage of body fat compared to ectomorphs and mesomorphs. This body type is characterized by a wider waist, larger bone structure, and a tendency to gain weight easily. Regular exercise and a balanced diet are important for endomorphs to maintain a healthy body composition.

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  • 19. 

    Trust and familiarity are among the most influential factors in customer...

    • Retention

    • Litigation

    • Perception

    • Exclusivity

    Correct Answer
    A. Retention
    Explanation
    Trust and familiarity play a crucial role in customer retention. When customers trust a brand and are familiar with its products or services, they are more likely to continue doing business with that brand. Trust is built through consistent delivery of quality products, excellent customer service, and fulfilling promises. Familiarity, on the other hand, comes from repeated positive experiences with the brand. By focusing on building trust and familiarity, businesses can increase customer retention rates and create loyal customers who are more likely to continue purchasing from them in the long term.

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  • 20. 

    The aspect of relationship characterized by similarity, agreement, or congruity is known as

    • Development

    • Empathy

    • Friendship

    • Rapport

    Correct Answer
    A. Rapport
    Explanation
    Rapport refers to the aspect of a relationship characterized by similarity, agreement, or congruity. It is the ability to connect and establish a harmonious understanding with others, creating a sense of trust and mutual respect. Rapport is essential in building effective communication and collaboration, as it helps to foster a positive and cooperative atmosphere. It involves finding common ground, understanding each other's perspectives, and creating a comfortable and supportive environment for interaction.

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  • 21. 

    When designing a program for a client, the trainer must first consider the client's 

    • Budget and training cost

    • Goals, level, and style

    • History with working with trainers

    • Work hours and best time to train

    Correct Answer
    A. Goals, level, and style
    Explanation
    When designing a program for a client, it is important for the trainer to consider the client's goals, level, and style. This is because each client may have different fitness goals they want to achieve, such as weight loss, muscle gain, or improved endurance. The client's current fitness level is also crucial to determine the appropriate intensity and difficulty of the program. Additionally, considering the client's preferred training style, such as high-intensity interval training or strength training, ensures that the program aligns with their preferences and keeps them motivated.

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  • 22. 

    Need, it performs some great service, not for itself, but for others, or failing therein, it ceases to be profitable and ceased to exist"

    • Brian Grasso

    • Calvin Coolidge

    • Faith Popcorn

    • Ken Dychtwald

    Correct Answer
    A. Brian Grasso
    Explanation
    Brian Grasso is the correct answer because the quote suggests that something or someone needs to perform a service for others in order to be profitable and continue to exist. This aligns with Brian Grasso's work as a performance coach, where he helps individuals and businesses improve their performance and achieve success. By providing a valuable service to others, Grasso is able to remain profitable and relevant in his field.

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  • 23. 

    What percentage of the US adult population participate in 30 minutes of moderate leisure activity at least three times per week

    • 17%

    • 28%

    • 34%

    • 54%

    Correct Answer
    A. 28%
    Explanation
    28% of the US adult population participate in 30 minutes of moderate leisure activity at least three times per week. This means that a significant portion of the population is engaging in regular physical activity for their leisure time. This is a positive indicator of the overall health and wellness of the population, as regular exercise has numerous benefits for both physical and mental well-being.

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  • 24. 

    Using the beginning positions of the functional nomenclature, which position should a pregnant woman in her second trimester avoid?

    • Kneeling

    • Seated

    • Standing

    • Supine

    Correct Answer
    A. Supine
    Explanation
    During the second trimester of pregnancy, it is advisable for a pregnant woman to avoid the supine position. This is because lying flat on the back can compress the vena cava, a major blood vessel that returns blood to the heart. This compression can reduce blood flow to the uterus and the baby, potentially causing dizziness, shortness of breath, and a decrease in oxygen supply. Therefore, pregnant women are encouraged to sleep on their side or use pillows to prop themselves up at a slight incline to ensure optimal blood flow to the baby.

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  • 25. 

    Giving the person whom you are communicating with the experience that there is commonality between the two of you is called

    • Listening and writing

    • Mirroring and matching

    • Seeing and doing

    • Smiling and talking

    Correct Answer
    A. Mirroring and matching
    Explanation
    Mirroring and matching refers to the act of reflecting the behavior, body language, and communication style of the person you are interacting with. By doing so, you create a sense of commonality and connection, making the other person feel understood and comfortable. This technique is often used in communication and sales to build rapport and establish trust with others. It involves subtly imitating their gestures, tone of voice, and even their choice of words to establish a sense of similarity and build a positive relationship.

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  • 26. 

    What percentage of consumer purchases are influenced by women?

    • 32%

    • 56%

    • 83%

    • 97%

    Correct Answer
    A. 83%
    Explanation
    The correct answer is 83%. This suggests that a significant majority of consumer purchases are influenced by women. This indicates that women have a strong impact on the decision-making process when it comes to buying products or services. It highlights the importance of understanding and catering to the preferences and needs of female consumers in order to effectively market and sell products.

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  • 27. 

    As a trainer, it is important to recognize that older adults have

    • Difficulty keeping appointments

    • Have a high rate of irritability

    • Know less about their bodies than you do

    • Sensory deficits

    Correct Answer
    A. Sensory deficits
    Explanation
    As a trainer, it is important to recognize that older adults may have sensory deficits. This means that their senses, such as vision or hearing, may not be as sharp as they used to be. This can have an impact on their ability to perform certain exercises or follow instructions accurately. By understanding and acknowledging these sensory deficits, trainers can make appropriate modifications and accommodations to ensure the safety and effectiveness of their training sessions for older adults.

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  • 28. 

    Which of the following is considered a high risk factor?

    • A client with asthma

    • A client who is de-conditionied

    • A client who trains at low intensity

    • A client with poor lower body strength

    Correct Answer
    A. A client with asthma
    Explanation
    A client with asthma is considered a high risk factor because asthma is a chronic respiratory condition that can cause difficulty breathing and can be triggered by physical exertion. Exercise can potentially exacerbate asthma symptoms and lead to an asthma attack, making it a high-risk factor for clients with this condition.

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  • 29. 

    According to nomenclature, a right/narrow/externally rotated (right) stance would be written as

    • LXE

    • RNE(R)

    • RNI(R)

    • RWE

    Correct Answer
    A. RNE(R)
    Explanation
    The correct answer is RNE(R) because in nomenclature, "R" stands for right, "N" stands for narrow, and "E" stands for externally rotated. Therefore, a right/narrow/externally rotated (right) stance would be written as RNE(R).

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  • 30. 

    What is the representation for neutral within the functional nomenclature?

    • Q

    • R

    • L

    • X

    Correct Answer
    A. X
    Explanation
    The representation for neutral within the functional nomenclature is X.

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  • 31. 

    A verticality at shoulder height would be represented as...

    • SH

    • SL

    • OH

    • CH

    Correct Answer
    A. SH
    Explanation
    A verticality at shoulder height would be represented as "SH" because "SH" stands for shoulder height, which indicates a position or measurement at the level of the shoulders.

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  • 32. 

    Which is NOT a fundamental acute variable utilized in program design?

    • Blood sugar level

    • Exercise selection

    • Training duration

    • Training intensity

    Correct Answer
    A. Blood sugar level
    Explanation
    Blood sugar level is not a fundamental acute variable utilized in program design. Acute variables are factors that can be manipulated during a training session to achieve specific training goals. Exercise selection, training duration, and training intensity are all examples of acute variables that can be adjusted to optimize the effectiveness of a training program. However, blood sugar level is not typically considered as a variable that is directly manipulated in program design.

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  • 33. 

    Which is an accurate statement about Fundamental Principles of Progressions?

    • Distal mobility before proximal stability

    • Dynamic before Static

    • Fast before slow

    • No load or low load before load

    Correct Answer
    A. No load or low load before load
    Explanation
    The principle of "No load or low load before load" suggests that it is important to start any exercise or movement with little to no resistance or weight before gradually increasing the load. This allows the body to adapt and prepare for the higher intensity or load, reducing the risk of injury and promoting proper technique and form. By starting with no load or low load, individuals can focus on mastering the movement pattern and developing a solid foundation before progressing to heavier loads.

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  • 34. 

    PTA Global common styles for program design for wellness, sport conditioning, weight loss and lean body mass goals include

    • Hybrid, progressive, specific training

    • Hybrid, progressive, traditional

    • Hypertrophy, interval training, progressive

    • Hypertrophy, interval training, specific training

    Correct Answer
    A. Hybrid, progressive, traditional
    Explanation
    The correct answer is hybrid, progressive, traditional. This means that PTA Global's common styles for program design for wellness, sport conditioning, weight loss, and lean body mass goals include a combination of different training methods (hybrid), gradually increasing intensity and difficulty over time (progressive), and incorporating traditional training techniques. This approach allows for a well-rounded and effective program that can cater to different goals and needs.

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  • 35. 

    According to PTA Global research, how long after a workout should a post-workout meal be taken to maximize tissue repair optimally?

    • 20 minutes

    • 30 minutes

    • 60 minutes

    • 90 minutes

    Correct Answer
    A. 30 minutes
    Explanation
    According to PTA Global research, a post-workout meal should be taken within 30 minutes after a workout in order to maximize tissue repair optimally. This timing allows for the body to replenish glycogen stores and provide the necessary nutrients for muscle recovery and growth. Waiting longer than 30 minutes may result in decreased effectiveness of tissue repair.

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  • 36. 

    What are the three styles of training built into the program design model?

    • Elementary, Intermediate, and Advanced

    • Introduction, Expansion, and Finalization

    • Nutrition, Exercise, and Recovery

    • Traditional, Progressive, and Hybrid

    Correct Answer
    A. Traditional, Progressive, and Hybrid
    Explanation
    The three styles of training built into the program design model are traditional, progressive, and hybrid. Traditional training refers to the conventional methods and techniques that have been used for a long time. Progressive training involves gradually increasing the intensity and difficulty of the exercises over time to continuously challenge the body. Hybrid training combines different training methods and styles to create a well-rounded and effective workout program. These three styles provide a comprehensive approach to training, ensuring that individuals can achieve their fitness goals effectively.

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  • 37. 

    Which exercise would be most appropriate for a twelve-year-old who needs to develop multi-planar coordination?

    • Leg extension

    • Hops

    • Squats

    • Machine single-leg press

    Correct Answer
    A. Hops
    Explanation
    Hops would be the most appropriate exercise for a twelve-year-old who needs to develop multi-planar coordination. Hops involve jumping from one foot to the other, which requires coordination and balance. This exercise helps to improve coordination in multiple planes of movement, as the child has to coordinate their movements in the sagittal, frontal, and transverse planes while hopping. Additionally, hops also help to develop lower body strength and power, making it a suitable exercise for a twelve-year-old.

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  • 38. 

    Which is essential for muscle repair, leading to an increase in lean body mass?

    • IGF-1

    • BDNF

    • T4

    • FGF-2

    Correct Answer
    A. IGF-1
    Explanation
    IGF-1, or Insulin-like Growth Factor 1, is essential for muscle repair and contributes to an increase in lean body mass. It plays a crucial role in the growth and development of muscles by stimulating the proliferation and differentiation of muscle cells. IGF-1 also promotes protein synthesis, which is necessary for muscle repair and growth. Therefore, IGF-1 is necessary for the repair and growth of muscles, leading to an increase in lean body mass.

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  • 39. 

    A sustained elevation of which hormone level can result in an increase in visceral fat storage? 

    • Testosterone

    • Cortisol

    • Insulin

    • Glucogon

    Correct Answer
    A. Cortisol
    Explanation
    Cortisol is a hormone that is released in response to stress. When cortisol levels are consistently elevated, it can lead to an increase in visceral fat storage. Visceral fat is the fat that surrounds the organs in the abdominal cavity and is associated with an increased risk of health problems such as heart disease and diabetes. Cortisol promotes the storage of fat, particularly in the abdominal area, as a response to stress. Therefore, a sustained elevation of cortisol levels can result in an increase in visceral fat storage.

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  • 40. 

    Which gland in the body secretes growth hormones?

    • Pineal

    • Adrenal

    • Pituitary

    • Thyroid

    Correct Answer
    A. Pituitary
    Explanation
    The pituitary gland is responsible for secreting growth hormones in the body. These hormones play a crucial role in regulating growth and development, especially during childhood and adolescence. The pituitary gland is often referred to as the "master gland" because it controls the function of other endocrine glands in the body. It is located at the base of the brain and is responsible for producing and releasing a variety of hormones that are essential for maintaining overall health and well-being.

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  • 41. 

    Which is NOT a risk factor for cardio vascular disease?

    • Cigarette smoking

    • High blood pressure

    • Low High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) levels

    • Women who are 45 years or older

    Correct Answer
    A. Women who are 45 years or older
    Explanation
    Women who are 45 years or older is not a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. While age is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, being a woman and being 45 years or older on its own is not considered a risk factor. Other factors such as smoking, high blood pressure, and low HDL levels are known risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

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  • 42. 

    During prolonged high-intensity exercise in trained individuals, free fatty acids

    • Continue to decrease

    • Continue to increase

    • Do not respond

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Continue to increase
    Explanation
    During prolonged high-intensity exercise in trained individuals, free fatty acids continue to increase. This is because the body relies on stored fat as an energy source during prolonged exercise. As glycogen stores become depleted, the body starts breaking down fat to provide fuel. Trained individuals have a higher capacity to mobilize and utilize fatty acids, resulting in their continual increase during prolonged high-intensity exercise.

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  • 43. 

    Which is a pregnancy-related change?

    • Blood volume decreases

    • Oxygen uptake decreases

    • Heart rate decreases

    • Hypotension

    Correct Answer
    A. Hypotension
    Explanation
    Hypotension refers to low blood pressure, which can be a pregnancy-related change. During pregnancy, hormonal changes can cause blood vessels to relax and widen, leading to a decrease in blood pressure. This is a normal adaptation to support the increased blood flow to the placenta and fetus. Hypotension during pregnancy can cause symptoms such as dizziness and fainting. It is important for pregnant individuals to monitor their blood pressure and seek medical advice if they experience any concerning symptoms.

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  • 44. 

    Which of the following exercises would be most appropriate for a child to learn deceleration?

    • Leg extension

    • Jumping

    • Single-leg squat

    • Machine leg press

    Correct Answer
    A. Jumping
    Explanation
    Jumping would be the most appropriate exercise for a child to learn deceleration. Deceleration refers to the ability to slow down or stop movement. Jumping requires the child to exert force against the ground to propel themselves upwards, and then control their descent to land safely. This requires the child to decelerate their body and control their momentum. The other exercises listed, such as leg extension, single-leg squat, and machine leg press, do not specifically focus on deceleration.

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  • 45. 

    Muscles do NOT need to cross a joint to impact on the forces and motion of that joint. A good example of this is....

    • The Soleus muscle assisting in knee extension during the acceleration (concentric) phase of a squat

    • The bicep brachia creating elbow flexion

    • The lateral deltoid creating shoulder abduction

    • The hamstring accelerating hip extension

    Correct Answer
    A. The Soleus muscle assisting in knee extension during the acceleration (concentric) phase of a squat
  • 46. 

    What condition results from a buildup of materials in the arteries, leading to restricted blood-flow?

    • Atherosclerosis

    • Angina

    • Claudication

    • Anemia

    Correct Answer
    A. Atherosclerosis
    Explanation
    Atherosclerosis is a condition that occurs when there is a buildup of materials, such as cholesterol and fatty deposits, in the arteries. This buildup causes the arteries to narrow and harden, leading to restricted blood flow. As a result, the affected individual may experience various symptoms and complications related to reduced blood flow to different organs and tissues in the body.

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  • 47. 

    What percentage of blood flow is distributed to the muscles at rest?

    • 15%

    • 20%

    • 40%

    • 50%

    Correct Answer
    A. 20%
    Explanation
    At rest, approximately 20% of the blood flow is distributed to the muscles. This is because even when the body is not engaged in physical activity, the muscles still require a certain amount of blood supply to maintain their basic functions and support tissue repair. The remaining percentage of blood flow is distributed to other organs and tissues in the body, ensuring their proper functioning as well.

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  • 48. 

    The movement of gases between the alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries in the lungs is referred to as

    • Internal respiration

    • Pulmonary ventilation

    • Pulmonary diffusion

    • External respiration

    Correct Answer
    A. Pulmonary diffusion
    Explanation
    Pulmonary diffusion refers to the movement of gases between the alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries in the lungs. This process involves the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide, where oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the capillaries and carbon dioxide diffuses from the capillaries into the alveoli. It is an essential step in the process of respiration, allowing for the oxygenation of blood and the removal of waste gases.

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  • 49. 

    Where are the adrenal glands located in the body?

    • Above the thyroid gland

    • Below the pancreas

    • Lateral to the pituitary gland

    • Above the kidneys

    Correct Answer
    A. Above the kidneys
    Explanation
    The adrenal glands are located above the kidneys. These small, triangular-shaped glands are part of the endocrine system and sit on top of each kidney. They are responsible for producing hormones such as cortisol, adrenaline, and aldosterone, which play a crucial role in regulating various bodily functions, including metabolism, stress response, and blood pressure.

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Quiz Review Timeline (Updated): Mar 14, 2023 +

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  • Current Version
  • Mar 14, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Sep 29, 2017
    Quiz Created by
    Cody Christ

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