Balance And Aerobic Exercise
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Which of the following is NOT an effect of deconditioning?
- A.
Decreased bone strength
- B.
Decreased resting HR
- C.
Decreased VO2 max
- D.
Decreased muscle mass
Correct Answer
B. Decreased resting HRExplanation
Deconditioning refers to the loss of physical fitness and conditioning due to a decrease in physical activity or exercise. One of the effects of deconditioning is a decreased resting heart rate (HR). When the body is deconditioned, the heart does not need to work as hard to pump blood throughout the body, resulting in a lower resting heart rate. Therefore, decreased resting HR is not an effect of deconditioning.Rate this question:
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- 2.
You administer the Berg Balance test to your 75-year-old patient, and she scores 40. How should you interpret this finding?
- A.
She has normal balance for her age group
- B.
She is at risk for falling due to a balance impairment
- C.
Her static balance is normal but her dynamic balance is impaired
- D.
Her standing balance is normal but her sitting balance is impaired
Correct Answer
B. She is at risk for falling due to a balance impairmentExplanation
A score of 40 on the Berg Balance test indicates that the patient is at risk for falling due to a balance impairment. This suggests that the patient may have difficulty maintaining their balance and may be more prone to falls. It is important to address this issue and implement interventions to improve the patient's balance and reduce their risk of falling.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Which is the correct order of recruitment of energy systems?
- A.
ATP-PC (Phosphagen), Anaerobic Glycolytic, Aerobic
- B.
Aerobic, Anaerobic Glycolytic, ATP-PC (Phosphagen)
- C.
Anaerobic Glycolytic, ATP-PC (Phosphagen), Aerobic
- D.
ATP-PC (Phosphagen), Aerobic, Anaerobic Glycolytic
Correct Answer
A. ATP-PC (Phosphagen), Anaerobic Glycolytic, AerobicExplanation
The correct order of recruitment of energy systems is ATP-PC (Phosphagen), Anaerobic Glycolytic, Aerobic. This is because during high-intensity activities, the ATP-PC system is the first to be utilized as it provides immediate energy for short bursts of activity. Once the ATP-PC system is depleted, the body switches to the Anaerobic Glycolytic system, which breaks down glucose without the need for oxygen, providing energy for longer durations. Finally, during prolonged activities, the body relies on the Aerobic system, which utilizes oxygen to produce energy from carbohydrates and fats.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The anterior-posterior limit of stability is _____ degrees.
- A.
16
- B.
10
- C.
12
- D.
18
Correct Answer
C. 12Explanation
The anterior-posterior limit of stability refers to the range of motion in the forward and backward direction that a person can maintain their balance without falling. The correct answer of 12 degrees suggests that individuals have a limit of 12 degrees of forward or backward tilt before they are at risk of losing their balance.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Which of the following statements regarding Karvonen's Formula is TRUE?
- A.
The number is determined by subtracting the patient's age from 220
- B.
It determines a patient's maximum heart rate (MHR)
- C.
It is based on the heart rate reserve (HRR)
- D.
It is inaccurate in patients with cardiac abnormalities
Correct Answer
C. It is based on the heart rate reserve (HRR)Explanation
Karvonen's Formula is a method used to calculate target heart rate during exercise. It takes into account the heart rate reserve (HRR), which is the difference between a person's maximum heart rate (MHR) and their resting heart rate. By using the HRR, the formula provides a more accurate estimate of the target heart rate for an individual, as it considers their resting heart rate as a baseline. Therefore, the statement that "It is based on the heart rate reserve (HRR)" is true.Rate this question:
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- 6.
You ask your patient to rate his exertion level on the Borg scale. He reports that he is at 11. This corresponds to work that is
- A.
At maximal exertion
- B.
Very, very light
- C.
Very hard
- D.
Fairly light
Correct Answer
D. Fairly lightExplanation
A rating of 11 on the Borg scale corresponds to a fairly light level of exertion. This means that the patient's effort is relatively low and they are not experiencing significant physical strain or difficulty.Rate this question:
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- 7.
You are instructing your patient in balance exercises when it becomes clear that the exercise you have chosen is too easy. What can you do to make the exercise more challenging?
- A.
Increase the BOS
- B.
Introduce multitasking
- C.
Make the surface unstable
- D.
A and B
- E.
B and C
- F.
A and C
Correct Answer
E. B and CExplanation
To make the exercise more challenging, you can introduce multitasking and make the surface unstable. Multitasking involves adding additional tasks or movements while performing the exercise, which requires more coordination and balance. Making the surface unstable, such as using a balance board or foam pad, forces the patient to engage more muscles and adjust to the unstable surface, further challenging their balance abilities.Rate this question:
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- 8.
The ankle strategy uses _____________ muscle recruitment, and the hip strategy uses ______________ muscle recruitment.
- A.
Proximal to distal; distal to proximal
- B.
Distal to proximal; proximal to distal
- C.
Proximal to distal; proximal to distal
- D.
Distal to proximal; distal to proximal
Correct Answer
B. Distal to proximal; proximal to distalExplanation
The ankle strategy involves recruiting muscles in a proximal to distal manner, meaning that the muscles closer to the center of the body are activated first, followed by the muscles further away from the center. On the other hand, the hip strategy involves recruiting muscles in a distal to proximal manner, where the muscles further away from the center are activated first, followed by the muscles closer to the center.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Your patient is a 26-year-old athlete reconditioning for a return to play after an ankle injury. What percent of his maximum heart rate should he reach to be effective to elicit a conditioning response?
- A.
30-40%
- B.
40-50%
- C.
50-70%
- D.
60-90%
Correct Answer
D. 60-90%Explanation
To elicit a conditioning response, an athlete reconditioning for a return to play after an ankle injury should reach 60-90% of their maximum heart rate. This range is considered effective for cardiovascular conditioning and improving athletic performance. It ensures that the heart is working at a challenging intensity, promoting cardiovascular adaptations and increasing endurance. Going below this range may not provide enough stimulus for conditioning, while going above it may lead to excessive fatigue or risk of injury.Rate this question:
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- 10.
You want to improve your patient's ability to respond to unanticipated perturbations. You should train the patient's
- A.
Static balance control
- B.
Dynamic balance control
- C.
Anticipatory balance control
- D.
Reactive balance control
Correct Answer
D. Reactive balance controlExplanation
To improve a patient's ability to respond to unanticipated perturbations, training their reactive balance control is the most appropriate approach. Reactive balance control refers to the ability to quickly and effectively react to unexpected disturbances or changes in the environment. This type of training helps the patient develop the necessary skills and reflexes to regain their balance and stability when faced with sudden challenges or disturbances. It focuses on improving the patient's ability to react and adapt in real-time, which is crucial for maintaining balance and preventing falls in unpredictable situations.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Which of the following statements regarding physiological changes with age is FALSE?
- A.
Resting HR decreases with age
- B.
An infant's RR is higher than an adolescent's
- C.
Peripheral vascular resistance, and thus BP, increases in the older adult
- D.
Peak muscle mass is generally reached earlier in females versus males
Correct Answer
A. Resting HR decreases with ageExplanation
As individuals age, their resting heart rate tends to increase rather than decrease. This is because the heart muscle becomes less efficient over time, leading to a slower rate of contraction and relaxation. This can result in a higher resting heart rate in older adults compared to younger individuals.Rate this question:
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- 12.
When using the hip strategy in response to a BACKWARD body sway, in what order are muscles recruited?
- A.
Hamstrings, then paraspinals
- B.
Abdominals, then quadriceps
- C.
Paraspinals, then hamstrings
- D.
Quadriceps, then abdominals
Correct Answer
C. Paraspinals, then hamstringsExplanation
When using the hip strategy in response to a backward body sway, the paraspinal muscles are recruited first to stabilize the spine and maintain balance. Once the paraspinals are activated, the hamstrings are then recruited to provide additional support and help bring the body back to an upright position. This sequence of recruitment allows for efficient and effective control of the body's movement and prevents further sway or loss of balance.Rate this question:
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- 13.
When Beyoncé asks "Could you walk and talk at the same time?" (Irreplaceable) what is she unknowingly describing?
- A.
Sensorimotor integration
- B.
Anticipatory postural control
- C.
Divided attention
- D.
Multimodal exercise
Correct Answer
C. Divided attentionExplanation
Beyoncé is unknowingly describing divided attention. Divided attention refers to the ability to simultaneously focus on multiple tasks or stimuli. In this lyric, she is questioning someone's ability to walk and talk at the same time, implying that they may not be able to effectively divide their attention between these two activities.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Which of the following is NOT an indication to immediately terminate a stress test?
- A.
ECG abnormalities
- B.
An increase in systolic blood pressure
- C.
Cyanosis or pallor
- D.
Progressive angina
Correct Answer
B. An increase in systolic blood pressureExplanation
An increase in systolic blood pressure is not an indication to immediately terminate a stress test because it is a normal physiological response to exercise. During exercise, the body requires increased blood flow to the muscles, which leads to an increase in blood pressure. This is a normal response and not necessarily a cause for concern during a stress test. However, the other options such as ECG abnormalities, cyanosis or pallor, and progressive angina are indications of potential health issues and may require immediate termination of the stress test.Rate this question:
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- 15.
You are performing the CTSIB ("Foam and Dome") test with your patient. She displays considerable instability on a foam surface, with eyes closed or open, as well as while wearing the dome. She most likely relies on ________________ input.
- A.
Vestibular
- B.
Somatosensory
- C.
Visual
- D.
All three types of
Correct Answer
B. SomatosensoryExplanation
The patient's instability on a foam surface, with eyes closed or open, as well as while wearing the dome, suggests that her somatosensory input is compromised. The somatosensory system provides information about body position and movement through sensory receptors in the skin, muscles, and joints. When this input is disrupted, it can lead to difficulties with balance and stability. Therefore, it is likely that the patient relies on somatosensory input for maintaining balance and stability.Rate this question:
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Current Version
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Mar 20, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Nov 18, 2016Quiz Created by
Pintaloosa322
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