Trivia Quiz On Range Of Motion Exercises!

The correct answer is "Amount of movement that occurs at a joint." This definition refers to the range of motion (ROM) which measures the extent to which a joint can move in various directions. It is not related to the amount of strength, flexibility of muscles, or the ability to lift heavy weights.

The statement is true because all three conditions listed are contraindications for range of motion (ROM) exercises. Dislocation or unhealed fracture can cause further damage or delay healing, so ROM should be avoided. Immediately following surgery to tendons, ligaments, muscle joint capsules, or skin, ROM can disrupt the healing process. Myositis Ossificans is a condition where bone forms within muscle tissue, and ROM can exacerbate this condition. Therefore, ROM should be avoided in all three situations.

A goniometer is a standard tool used for joint measurement. It is a device that measures the range of motion of a joint in degrees. It consists of two arms, one fixed and one movable, with a scale that measures the angle between them. By placing the arms on either side of a joint and moving the joint through its range of motion, the goniometer can provide an accurate measurement of the joint's flexibility and movement. This makes it an essential tool in fields such as physical therapy, orthopedics, and sports medicine.

Environmental factors such as temperature, noise level, number of people in the room, and time of day can influence ROM (Range of Motion). These factors can affect a person's comfort, concentration, and overall well-being, which in turn can impact their ability to move and perform tasks. For example, a hot and noisy environment may cause discomfort and distraction, making it difficult for someone to fully engage in physical activities. Similarly, a crowded room may limit the space available for movement. Therefore, environmental factors play a significant role in determining an individual's ROM.

The correct answer is "Skeletal". The factors that influence ROM (range of motion) include the characteristics of bones, which are the hardest of all connective tissue types, and the structure of joints.

The factors that influence ROM include methodological and measurement factors. These factors affect the precision of the measurement, the accuracy and stability of the results, and the worth of the test to functional activities. The instrument used, experience of the tester, stabilization axis, goniometer placement, posture, and instructions all fall under methodological and measurement factors. These factors are important in ensuring that ROM measurements are reliable and valid.

The given correct answer is "Pathological." This is because the description provided for the end feel includes examples of conditions that are abnormal or pathological in nature, such as synovitis, edema, increased tone, capsular or ligamentous shortening, osteoarthritis, chondromalacia, fractures, myositis ossificans, acute joint inflammation, bursitis, abscesses, and psychogenic pain. This indicates that the end feel being described is not within the normal range and is indicative of a pathological condition.

The correct answer is 180-degree system. This system is used to describe the recording of Range of Motion (ROM) results. In the 180-degree system, the neutral zero or starting position is with the body in anatomical position, with the zero position toward the feet. The body is in the plane in which motion occurs. This system is widely adopted by organizations such as the American Medical Association (AMA) and the American Society of Hand Therapists (ASHT). It is a commonly used system for measuring and documenting the range of motion in various joints and body parts.

The correct answer is 360-degree system. This system is used when recording ROM (Range of Motion) results. It describes that the zero starting position is overhead, and the arc of motion is related to a full circle. This means that the measurement starts from the top and goes all the way around in a complete circle, measuring the entire range of motion.

The given correct answer is "Physiologic (NORMAL)" because the description provided matches the characteristics of a normal or physiologic end feel. It states that a soft end feel is found in soft tissue, a firm end feel is found in muscular, capsular, or ligamentous stretch, and a hard end feel is found in bone against bone. This indicates that the end feel described is within the normal range of motion and is not indicative of any pathology or abnormality.

Psychological and psychosocial factors are the correct answer because they refer to the mental and emotional aspects that can affect range of motion (ROM). Factors such as motivation to move, fear of injury or re-injury, anxiety and stress, level of cooperation, and level of cognition all fall under the psychological and psychosocial category. These factors can influence a person's willingness and ability to move their body and can impact their ROM.

The Fulcrum is a reference point used in goniometric measurements. In goniometry, the fulcrum is the fixed point around which the measurement is taken. It serves as a reference point for determining the range of motion of a joint. By placing the fulcrum correctly, the therapist can accurately measure the angle of movement and assess the client's joint mobility. This reference point is essential for obtaining reliable and consistent measurements in goniometry.

PROM stands for passive range of motion, which refers to the movement of a joint that is performed by an external force without any voluntary muscle contraction. AROM, on the other hand, stands for active range of motion, which refers to the movement of a joint that is performed by the individual's own muscle contraction. Generally, PROM is greater than AROM because it allows for a greater range of motion since it is not limited by muscle strength or voluntary control.

The answer is Metric and English (Most common) because these are the two systems commonly used when recording ROM (Range of Motion) results. The Metric system is used in many countries around the world, while the English system is predominantly used in the United States. Both systems provide different units of measurement, such as centimeters and inches, to record the range of motion in a joint or body part.

The PROM (Passive Range of Motion) provides information on the integrity of the articular surfaces, the extensibility of the joint capsule, ligaments, and muscles. It is also more objective due to motion being controlled by the examiners. Therefore, the correct answer is both A and C.

X-ray vs. goniometric measures have high correlation, which provides concurrent or congruent validity.

The correct answer is D, C, A, B. This is because the definition of PROM (Passive Range of Motion) states that it is the arc of motion through which a joint passes when moved by muscles acting on the joint, which corresponds to option D. The definition of AROM (Active Range of Motion) states that it is the arc of motion through which a joint passes when moved initially by muscles then completed by an outside force, which corresponds to option C. The definition of AAROM (Active Assistive Range of Motion) is not provided in the question, so we cannot determine its correct meaning. The definition of FROM (Functional Range of Motion) states that it is the amount of motion necessary to perform essential activities of daily living without adaptation or equipment, which corresponds to option B. Therefore, the correct order is D, C, A, B.

The fulcrum in goniometric placement should either lie parallel to the longitudinal axis of the fixed distal joint or point towards a distal bony prominence. This means that the fulcrum should be aligned with the axis of rotation of the joint or point towards a prominent bone at the distal end of the joint. This allows for accurate measurement of the joint's range of motion.

The correct answer is "All of the above". This is because all the factors mentioned in the options - subject, psychological and psychosocial, environmental, skeletal, and methodological and measurement factors - can influence the range of motion (ROM). Factors such as the individual's physical condition, their psychological state, the environment they are in, the condition of their skeletal system, and the methods and measurements used to assess ROM can all affect the range of motion.

The answer suggests that the measurement of -13/135 elbow flexion indicates a lack of 13 degrees of extension but a presence of 135 degrees of flexion. This means that the elbow joint falls short of extending fully by 13 degrees, but it can flex up to 135 degrees.

Norms are social standards or guidelines that dictate acceptable behavior in a given society or group. These norms are influenced by various factors such as age, gender, occupation, and sociocultural considerations. Therefore, it is true that norms are sensitive enough to reflect these differences. Different age groups, genders, occupations, and sociocultural backgrounds have their own set of norms and expectations, which are shaped by the specific characteristics and values associated with each group.

The factors that influence ROM include genetic predisposition, hyper or hypo mobility, overall health of the client, joint disease, injury, edema, pain, skin tightness, scarring, muscle/tendon shortening, weakness, muscle tone abnormalities, excess adipose tissue, age, gender, decreased ROM with increased age, greater flexibility in females, and level of effort and/or cooperation during testing. These factors can be categorized into two main categories: subject factors and skeletal factors. Subject factors refer to individual characteristics such as genetic predisposition, overall health, and level of effort during testing. Skeletal factors refer to factors related to the joints and bones, such as joint disease, muscle/tendon shortening, and skin tightness.

The precautions for ROM include avoiding regions of marked osteoporosis, as well as regions with hematomas, especially in the elbows, hips, and/or knees. ROM should also be used with caution in painful conditions where it may increase suffering, in people with hemophilia, and immediately after an injury with soft tissue damage. Additionally, extra care should be taken in the presence of infectious or inflamed joints, and when the client is on pain or muscle relaxants, as these medications may mask the pain response to too vigorous ROM.