Molecular Biology CFA

1. Which is an example of a disease that can be caused by smoking cigarettes?

Diabetes

Allergies

Lung cancer

Influenza

2. Prolonged consumption of alcohol is most likely to cause which of the following diseases?

Liver disease

Lung cancer

Ashtma

Diabetes

3. Which two structures do plant cells have that animal cells do not have?

Cell wall and chloroplast

Ribosome and nucleus

Cell membrane and chloroplast

Mitochondrion and ribosome

4. What could happen to the planet if all plants were removed from Earth?

Nitrogen would build up in the air

Oxygen levels would drop sharply

Uranium could no longer be mined

There would be no significant impact

5. The equation for photosynthesis is shown. Which of these is required to complete the equation for photosynthesis?

Carbon

Carbon dioxide

Nitrogen

Oxygen

6. In an organism, which organelle functions as a place to store extra water?

Endoplasmic reticulum

Ribosome

Vacuole

Golgi body

7. Which statement best explains the reason muscle cells have more mitochondria than skin cells?

Muscle cells use more energy than skin cells.

Muscle cells have fewer protein than skin cells.

Muscle cells have a smaller nucleus than skin cells.

Muscle cells contain more water than skin cells.

8. Animals and plants get their food in different ways. Animals usually ingest their food, while plants must produce their own food. The process through which plants produce their food is called ______________ and occurs in the ______________ of the cell.

Germination; mitochondria

Photosynthesis; chloroplasts

Respiration; chloroplasts

Pollination; mitochondria

9. Which organelle is responsible for producing proteins?

Ribosomes

Golgi bodies

Endoplasmic reticulum

Lysosomes

10. Humans can not make our food so we need organelles such as ___________ to help store our food so we can turn it into energy by using our ___________.

Vacuoles; lysosomes

Mitochondria; nucleus

Mitochondria; ribosomes

Vacuoles; mitochondria

11. What is TRUE about the inside of an animal cell?

A. The inside of an animal cell contains structures that carry out specialized functions for the cell, and is completely solid.

C. The inside of an animal cell contains air and structures that perform specialized functions for the cell, but no water.

12. What is the role of cytoplasm in a living cell?

Fight infections

Digest proteins

Surround organelles

Pass on genetic information

13. Which organelle is much larger in the plant cell than the animal cell, and why?

Nucleus; because plants have many leaves

Golgi bodies; because plants have more DNA

Endoplasmic reticulum; because plants use water for respiration

Vacuole; because plants need to store water for photosynthesis

14. What happens to the carbon dioxide produced during cellular respiration?

It returns to the lungs where it is exhaled.

It travels to your stomach to be broken down by acids.

It is stored in cells to provide the cell with energy.

It remains in cells to provide the cell with protein.

15. Why are photosynthesis and respiration considered opposite processes?

Photosynthesis happens during the night;respiration happens during the day

Photosynthesis happens during the day; respiration happens during the night

The products of photosynthesis are the reactants for respiration

Photosynthesis occurs in eukaryotes and respiration occurs in prokaryotes

16. What is the energy source that an animal cell needs to carry out life processes?

Water stored in vacuoles

Proteins built in ribosomes

Light absorbed by chloroplasts

Sugar broken down in mitochondria

17. Which of the following statements is not a part of cell theory?

All living things are made of cells.

Cells come from other cells.

Cells always contain a nucleus.

Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in all livign things.

18. Why are plant cells, animal cells, fungi, and protists considered eukaryotes?

Because each of their cells has a cell nucleus.

Because each of their cells goes through photosynthesis.

Because each of their cells lacks a cell nucleus.

Because each of their cells has a cell wall.

19. When examining the process of cellular respiration, which statement best desribes the relationship between breathing and digestion?

Breathing provides the carbon dioxide necessary for cellular respiration to occur, while digestion provides the sugar.

Breathing provides the oxygen necessary for cellular respiration to occur, while digestion provides the sugar.

Breathing provides the water necessary for cellular respiration to occur, while digestion provides the nitrogen.

Breathing provides the hydrogen necessary for cellular respiration to occur, while digestion provides the water.

20. Some women who took the drug thalidomide in early pregnancy gave birth to children with severe birth defects. Which is thalidomide considered to be?

Antibiotic

Mutagen

Vaccine

Virus