Molecular Biology (Lectures 15-17)

25 Questions | By Jimmyd876 | Updated: Mar 21, 2022 | Attempts: 254

Questions

Settings

Feedback

During the Quiz End of Quiz

Play as

Quiz Flashcard

Create your own Quiz

Questions and Answers

1.

What is the process in which fragments of DNA from each gene are "spotted" and immobilized on a glass microscope slide?
- A.
  
  DNA Microarray
- B.
  
  DNA Nanoarray
- C.
  
  SDS-PAGE
- D.
  
  2-D Gel Electrophoresis
2.

Point mutation caused by UV light
3.

Point Mutation that adds C-H alkyl group to N or O atoms.
4.

Point mutation that causes transition mutations of C-G to T-A, by a mechanism where the Amino group spontaneously reacts with H2O to add O and generate ammonium (NH4+) Is ______________ and occurs roughly once every ________ base pairs per cell per day, and C-G is changed to _ - _ bp, then _-_ replicates: T-A (mutation) and C-G (wild type)
5.

Point Mutation in which incorrect bases are added by DNA polymerase, are not corrected by the 3'-5' exonuclease proofreading, and fall into the categories of "transversion" and "transition" mutations.
6.

Removes purine bases, forming abasic sites, at a frequency of roughly __________ purines per cell per day
7.

Enzyme found in plants, many bacteria, and some animals, that repairs thymine dimers, directly.
8.

Which of the folowing are true about excision repair systems?
- A.
  
  Appear to repair the majority of mutations
- B.
  
  Appear to repair relatively few mutations
- C.
  
  Multiple, redundant types
- D.
  
  Only one known version
- E.
  
  Each deals with different kinds of point mutations
9.

The type of Excision repair that fixes a damaged, single base is known as....
10.

How does base excision repair perform?
11.

Check all that are true about nucleotide excision repair (NER)
- A.
  
  Fixes damaged bases
- B.
  
  10-12 nucleotides removed
- C.
  
  Involves uvr genes
- D.
  
  Fixes damaged, single base
12.

Which excision repair system fixes mismatches?
13.

In humans, what type of repair system manages thymine dimers?
14.

People with ___________ _________ (XP) have defective NER systems- at least eight different genes for NER.
15.

Which of the following are true about Xeroderma Pigmentosum (XP)?
- A.
  
  They cannot repair bulky DNA damage (T-dimers, abasic sites)
- B.
  
  1000 times more likely to develop skin cancer
- C.
  
  Sun (UV) increases cancer in people with XP (T-dimers)
16.

What are the two types of NER forms in Eukaryotes?
17.

Both types of NER activate the same __________ _________ repair proteins.
18.

___________ _____ when two non-pairing bases exist on complementary strands, involves mut genes in E.coli, and msh genes (mutS homologes) in eukaryotes.
19.

Mismatch Repair Fixing Heteroduplex DNA: Problem: Which strand is correct and which strand has the mutated base? Solution: _________ of __ bases provides cues as to which strand is correct.
20.

Some DNA in Bacteria is ____________ Helps in the repair of errors during replication. "Old" DNA is ___________ (CH3) at A in 5'-GATC-3' About 10-20 min after replication, before "new" DNA strand is ___________ by "maintenance Methylase" Repair systems utilize this "Delay" to select old/correct strand (__________) from the new/defective strand (not _________)
21.

Photolyase is induced by....
22.

Inducible repair system in E. coli (by mutagenic stress, T-dimers, etc.)
23.

P53 is a ___________ _________ that activates: 1. ______________ 2. ______________ 3. ______________ (programmed cell death)
24.

Inducible Repair SOS System in E. coli: DNA damage (________ _____) activates SOS Increases expression of ____ genes (error-prone bypass) Induction involves ______ that acts as protease to destroy _______ (transcription inhibitor)
25.

____-__________ ____ ______ (NHEJ) System: "Ligates" ends of broken linear DNA (chromosomes) Important for repairing DNA breakage (ionizing radiation)