MIS Chapter 7

____________________ knowledge is objective and can be measured and documented in reports, papers, and rules.

____________________ rules help computers evaluate the imperfect or imprecise conditions they encounter and make educated guesses based on the probability of correctness of the decision.

The purpose of a(n) ______________________________ is to provide a convenient and efficient means for capturing and storing all components of the knowledge base.

Because of the time and effort involved in the task, an expert system is developed to address only a specific area of knowledge. This area of knowledge is called the ____________________.

____________________ combines traditional disciplines, such as science and medicine, with information systems and technology.

____________________ is a collection of facts organized so that they have additional value beyond the value of the facts themselves.

____________________ knowledge is hard to measure and document and typically is not objective or formalized.

                  ____________________ processing allows a computer to understand and react to statements and commands made in a “natural” language, such as English.

After knowledge is created, it is often stored in a(n) ____________________ that includes documents, reports, files, and databases.

Data consists of raw facts, such as an employee number, number of hours worked in a week, inventory part numbers, or sales orders.

• True

• False

Neural networks can process many pieces of data at the same time and learn to recognize patterns.

• True

• False

                 ____ convert sound waves into words.

• Vision systems

• Robotic systems

• Voice recognition systems

• Learning systems

Contemporary robotics combine both high-precision machine capabilities and sophisticated controlling software.

• True

• False

The natural language processing system corrects spelling mistakes, converts abbreviations into words and commands, and allows people to ask questions in English.

• True

• False

Knowledge acquisition can be a manual process or a mixture of manual and automated procedures.

• True

• False

                 An effective KMS is based on learning new knowledge and changing procedures and approaches as a result.

• True

• False

                 Some organizations and professions use communities of practice (COP) to create, store, and share knowledge.

• True

• False

                 ____ is an expert system developed at Stanford University to analyze blood infections.

• FLEXPERT

• MYCIN

• THORASK

• Employee Appraiser

A knowledge base is a natural extension of a database and an information and decision support system.

• True

• False

                 ____ is the process of starting with conclusions and working backward to the supporting facts.

• Forward chaining

• Backward chaining

• Neural processing

• Knowledge engineering

Micro-electro-mechanical systems can be used in a person’s blood to monitor the body, and for other purposes in air bags, cell phones, refrigerators, and more.

• True

• False

                 As the number of rules that an expert system knows increases, the precision of the expert system decreases.

• True

• False

                  ____ involves the development of mechanical or computer devices that can paint cars, make precision welds, and perform other tasks that require a high degree of precision or are tedious or hazardous for human beings.

• Backward chaining

• Robotics

• Natural language processing

• Forward chaining

____ starts with the facts and works forward to the conclusions.

• Forward chaining

• Backward chaining

• Neural networking

• Knowledge engineering

A(n) ____ consists of programs and a knowledge base used to perform a specific task for a person, a process, or another program.

• Database system

• Genetic algorithm

• Intelligent agent

• Neural network

Examples of data workers include writers, researchers, educators, and corporate designers.

• True

• False

A(n) ____ is an approach to solving large, complex problems in which many repeated operations or models change and evolve until the best one emerges.

• Inference engine

• Genetic algorithm

• Intelligent agent

• Neural network

Neural network systems are effective at identifying people based on facial features.

• True

• False

A particular skill of natural language processing is analyzing detailed trends.

• True

• False

                 ____ include hardware and software that permit computers to capture, store, and manipulate visual images.

• Vision systems

• Learning systems

• Neural networks

• Intelligent agents

                 ____ is an expert system that uses fuzzy logic to perform plant layout.

• FLEXPERT

• MYCIN

• THORASK

• Employee Appraiser

Knowledge users require training in computers or expert systems.

• True

• False

                 A(n) ____ is a conditional statement that links conditions to actions or outcomes.

• Rule

• Neural network

• Intelligent agent

• Inference engine

The ____ interface relays the sense of touch and other physical sensations in the virtual world.

• Haptic

• Database

• Network

• System

                 ____ are people who create, use, and disseminate knowledge.

• Knowledge workers

• Knowledge engineers

• Data workers

• Data engineers

The ____ is the person or group with the expertise or knowledge the expert system is trying to capture.

• Domain expert

• Knowledge engineer

• Database expert

• Intelligent agent

A ____ is a combination of software and hardware that allows the computer to change how it functions or reacts to situations based on feedback it receives.

• Vision system

• Database system

• Voice recognition system

• Learning system

A ____ system approximates the way a person sees, hears, and feels objects.

• Learning

• Vision

• Perceptive

• Management information

The overall purpose of a(n) ____ is to seek information and relationships from the knowledge base and to provide answers, predictions, and suggestions the way a human expert would.

• Neural network

• Bot

• Vision system

• Inference engine

A(n) ____ is a collection of software packages and tools used to design, develop, implement, and maintain expert systems.

• MIS shell

• Neural network shell

• Virtual reality shell

• Expert system shell

A(n) ____ system consists of hardware and software that stores knowledge and makes inferences, similar to those of a human expert.

• Vision

• Learning

• Database

• Expert

____ involves the use of information systems to develop competitive strategies for people, organizations, or even countries.

• Robotics

• Informatics

• Fuzzy logic

• Game theory

A database system consists of a collection of integrated and related components, including a knowledge base, an inference engine, an explanation facility, a knowledge base acquisition facility, and a user interface.

• True

• False

                 ____ are available for both personal computers and mainframe systems.

• MIS shells

• Neural network shells

• Virtual reality shells

• Expert system shells