1.
absence of all viable microorganisms
2.
using physical or chemical agents to destroy microbes or their products, on inert objects or nonliving materials.
3.
chemical agents used in disinfection
4.
Chemical agents used to destroy or inhibit pathogenic microbes on tissue
5.
Use of antiseptics to destroy vegetative pathogens.
6.
Removing microbes from eating utensils or food contact surfaces
7.
methods employed to prevent microbial contamination.
8.
4 factors that
Influence the Effectiveness of Antimicrobial Agents
9.
Alteration of Membrane Permeability - Damage to ?? allows ? to leak out and/or toxic materials to enter cell.
10.
Damage to cell membrane allows cytoplasm to leak out and/or toxic materials to enter cell.
11.
A are a significant portion of cell components. Damage to B prevent normal A synthesis. Alteration of these existing components will also quickly halt cellular function.
12.
Breaking thebonds along the protein chain that amino acid chain in its 3-dimensional shape. The protein then assumes abnormal configuration which results in loss of function. Some chemicals bind to the active sites of proteins and prevent their proper function
13.
??- breaking bonds along the protein chain that hold the ?? chain in its ? shape. Protein then assumes an abnormal configuration which results in loss of function. Some chemicals bind to the active sites of proteins and prevent their proper function.
14.
The length of time required to kill all microbes at a specific temperature.
15.
Moist Heat.
Mode of Action: ??. Presence of water enhances the process and facilitates heat transfer. Moist heat also can damage ?,?,and?.
16.
3 examples of moist heat
17.
Examples of dry heat
18.
used to disinfect liquids to kill pathogens and reduce spoilage microbes without altering the quality of the product. The various pasteurization processes use very high temps and short exposure times, followed by rapid cooling. This is not a sterilization process.
19.
? -application of steam under pressure, temperature of ? increases as ? increases. A a reinforced chamber into which materials to be sterilized are sealed. Air is then removed and steam is pumped in under pressure.
20.
Autoclaving effective temp pressure time?psi/?o?-?minutes
21.
Boiling - ? psi of pressure the highest possible temperature of boiling water is 100oC.
22.
Boiling has many applications but is most commonly used to disinfect ??materials.
23.
Which methods acheive sterility?
24.
?-Many types of microbes can be killed by drying-out. Others may not be killed but drying is usually sufficient to retard growth.
25.
High energy emitted from atomic activities and dispensed at high velocity.