Hormonal Control Of Reproduction Quiz

FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone), LH (luteinizing hormone), and prolactin are released from the pituitary gland. The pituitary gland is a small gland located at the base of the brain, and it plays a crucial role in regulating various hormonal functions in the body. FSH is responsible for stimulating the growth and development of ovarian follicles in females and sperm production in males. LH triggers ovulation in females and testosterone production in males. Prolactin is involved in milk production in females after childbirth. Therefore, all three hormones are released from the pituitary gland.

Inhibin, which is secreted from the ovaries, functions to inhibit the production of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). This hormone acts as a negative feedback mechanism to regulate the levels of FSH and GnRH in the body. By inhibiting their production, inhibin helps to maintain the balance and control the release of these hormones, ultimately regulating the menstrual cycle and reproductive processes in females.

When the fetus is pushed caudally during Ferguson's reflex, it stimulates further myometrial contractions. The hormone released in response to this reflex is oxytocin. Oxytocin is responsible for stimulating uterine contractions during labor and delivery. It helps in the progression of labor by enhancing the strength and frequency of contractions. Therefore, oxytocin is the correct answer in this case.

It induces mammary growth and lactogenesis

Oestrogen is the hormone that causes the release of progesterone. Oestrogen is primarily produced by the ovaries and plays a crucial role in the menstrual cycle. During the menstrual cycle, oestrogen levels rise, stimulating the release of an egg from the ovaries (ovulation). After ovulation, the ruptured follicle in the ovary forms a structure called the corpus luteum, which produces progesterone. Progesterone helps prepare the uterus for pregnancy by thickening the uterine lining. Therefore, oestrogen is responsible for triggering the release of progesterone in the female reproductive system.

Oestrogen is the hormone involved in the release of pheromones and vaginal secretions. Pheromones are chemical signals that are released by organisms to communicate with others of the same species. In humans, pheromones play a role in sexual attraction and mate selection. Vaginal secretions are important for maintaining vaginal health and lubrication, and oestrogen plays a crucial role in regulating these secretions. Oestrogen levels fluctuate throughout the menstrual cycle, with peak levels occurring just before ovulation, which increases the release of pheromones and vaginal secretions.

Cortisol - results in reduced progesterone by increasing enzymes that convert it to oestradiol. Therefore these is an increase in uterine contraction and reproductive tract secretion - stimulates production of prostaglandin and relaxin.

When progesterone levels decrease due to chronic stress and its conversion into cortisol, it can disrupt the balance of other hormones in the body, particularly estrogen (oestradiol). Progesterone and estrogen are steroid hormones synthesized from cholesterol and intricately linked in the menstrual cycle and reproductive processes.

Prostaglandin is the hormone that causes lysis of the Corpus Luteum and uterine contractions. Prostaglandins are lipid compounds that are involved in various physiological processes, including inflammation and smooth muscle contraction. In the female reproductive system, prostaglandins play a crucial role in the menstrual cycle and labor. During the menstrual cycle, prostaglandins cause the breakdown of the Corpus Luteum, which leads to the shedding of the uterine lining. During labor, prostaglandins stimulate uterine contractions, helping to push the baby out of the uterus.

During pregnancy, the placenta plays a crucial role in producing and releasing hormones to support the development and maintenance of the pregnancy. Progesterone is one of the hormones released by the placenta, which helps to maintain the uterine lining and prevent contractions. Oestrogen is also released by the placenta, promoting the growth of the uterus and stimulating blood flow to the placenta. Chorionic Gonadotrophin (hCG) is another hormone produced by the placenta, which helps to sustain the pregnancy by stimulating the production of progesterone and oestrogen. Therefore, the correct answer is Progesterone, Oestrogen, and Chorionic Gonadotrophin.

Reproductive hormones act in minute quantities, meaning they are present in very small amounts in the body. They also have short half-lives, which means they are rapidly broken down and need to be continuously released or released in cycles to maintain their effects. These hormones bind to specific receptors in target cells to initiate their physiological actions.

Preparation fonc ,or Mating = causes changes in behaviour to allow mating, releases pheremones, prepares external genitalia for mating, increases vaginal secretions, opens cervix, increases uterine contraction and prepare uterine conditions

Preparation for Pregnancy = Helps in maternal regulation of pregnancy, helps growth of mammary tissue (along with prolactin)

Preparation for birth= prepares uterus for bith by stimulating placental production of PROGESTERONE

The ovaries secrete several hormones including estrogen, progesterone, inhibin, relaxin, and oxytocin. Estrogen is responsible for the development of female secondary sexual characteristics and regulation of the menstrual cycle. Progesterone plays a crucial role in preparing the uterus for pregnancy and maintaining pregnancy. Inhibin helps regulate the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the pituitary gland. Relaxin helps relax the ligaments in the pelvis during childbirth. Oxytocin is involved in uterine contractions during labor and breastfeeding.

Progesterone causes multiple effects in the female reproductive system. It prepares the uterus for pregnancy by thickening the lining of the uterus, making it suitable for implantation of a fertilized egg. It also increases uterine secretions, which help in nourishing the developing embryo. Progesterone closes the cervix, creating a barrier to prevent the entry of bacteria and other pathogens into the uterus. Additionally, it reduces uterine contractions, which helps in maintaining the pregnancy. Lastly, progesterone prepares the mammary glands for parturition by enlarging them and preparing them for lactation, ensuring the availability of milk for the newborn.

The correct answer is Oestrogen, Inhibin, and Testosterone. The testes are responsible for secreting hormones such as Oestrogen, which plays a crucial role in the development of secondary sexual characteristics in males. Inhibin is another hormone secreted by the testes that helps regulate the production of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the pituitary gland. Lastly, Testosterone is the primary male sex hormone that is secreted by the testes and is responsible for the development of male reproductive tissues and characteristics.