Homeostasis Practice Quiz 2
Another chance to practice for our quiz & unit test. . . . Do you know your glands, hormones & definitions?
- 1.
Which of the following thermoregulatory responses would be considered a strictly behavioural response (not physiological)?
- A.
Shivering on a cold day
- B.
Sweating on a hot day
- C.
Hibernation of some mammals
- D.
Vasodilation of skin capillaries
- E.
Basking by some reptiles
Correct Answer
E. Basking by some reptilesExplanation
Shivering, vasodilation & sweating are involuntary physiological responses. Some mammals do hibernate, but it is a complex physiological response; non-hibernators are incapable of it, so it is not behavioural.Rate this question:
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- 2.
For steroid hormones, which of these statements does NOT reflect the way they act in our cells?
- A.
They pass directly through the cell membrane since they are cholesterol-based
- B.
They exert their actions directly on a cell's DNA
- C.
Steroid molecules all have a distinct four-ringed aspect to the structure of their molecules.
- D.
Once inside a cell, they must find a mobile receptor
- E.
Only a hormone-receptor complex is able to enter the nucleus.
Correct Answer
B. They exert their actions directly on a cell's DNAExplanation
Steroid hormones can only initiate transcription of DNA if they are bound to their specific mobile receptor, found in the cytoplasm of their target cells.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Which of the following is NOT a part of a mammalian nephron?
- A.
Glomerulus & Bowman's Capsule
- B.
Loop of Henle
- C.
Pacinian corpuscle
- D.
Distal Convoluted tubule
- E.
Proximal Convoluted tubule
Correct Answer
C. Pacinian corpuscleExplanation
Dude, that's a pressure receptor in your skin. What were you thinking?Rate this question:
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- 4.
For peptide hormones, which of the following statements is TRUE about their action?
- A.
Because they're made of amino acids, they readily enter the cell.
- B.
They attach themselves to a molecule of cAMP once they enter
- C.
They split in two, and only one half stimulates the target cell; this is the 'second messenger'
- D.
Their size requires them to bind to an external cell receptor protein.
- E.
Once inside the cell, they attach to a receptor on the nuclear membrane.
Correct Answer
D. Their size requires them to bind to an external cell receptor protein.Explanation
Seriously, check your notes.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Of the following statements regarding the pancreas, which best describes the overall function of this organ?
- A.
It is both an endocrine & exocrine gland, secreting both hormones & digestive enzymes.
- B.
It produces insulin in its alpha cells, and glucagon in its beta cells.
- C.
It was discovered by Canadian scientists.
- D.
The islets of Langerhans produce its digestive enzymes, while interstitial cells produce the hormones.
- E.
Makes glucose available by breaking down glycogen, which it stores as well.
Correct Answer
A. It is both an endocrine & exocrine gland, secreting both hormones & digestive enzymes.Explanation
Although the function of insulin was elucidated by scientists at University of Toronto, the existence of the pancreas was well established before then. The hormones are produced in the Islets of Langerhans, with insulin made by beta and glucagon by alpha cells. Although glucagon does help make glucose available by glycogenolysis, it is from stores of glycogen found in the liver & striated muscle.Rate this question:
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- 6.
The condition in which the thyroid gland swells due to lack of dietary iodine is called:
- A.
Grave's Disease
- B.
Goiter
- C.
Diabetes
- D.
Meniere's Disease
- E.
Glycosemia
Correct Answer
B. GoiterExplanation
Iodine is necessary to make T4 functional. No iodine = thyroid keeps making the protein for T4 but it accumulates in the gland.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Once calcitonin is released into your blood stream, which of the following will happen?
- A.
Blood calcium will drop
- B.
Osteoclasts will absorb calcium from the blood
- C.
Osteoblasts will absorb calcium from the blood
- D.
Only A & B
- E.
Only A & C
Correct Answer
E. Only A & CExplanation
Osteoblasts build bone tissue, osteoclasts break it down.Rate this question:
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- 8.
A tumour in the adrenal medulla will result in which of the following symptoms?
- A.
Hypercalcemia
- B.
Glycosuria
- C.
Low-grade fever
- D.
Increased heart rate & blood pressure
- E.
Osteoporosis
Correct Answer
D. Increased heart rate & blood pressureExplanation
The adrenal medulla produces epinephrine & norepinephrine, our main stress hormones.Rate this question:
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- 9.
If your body produced too much ADH, what might be a symptom?
- A.
Very low urine volume & an increase in blood pressure
- B.
Copious amounts of urine & a drop in blood pressure
- C.
Seizures due to high levels of calcium
- D.
A failure of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone system
- E.
Frequent thirst & urination.
Correct Answer
A. Very low urine volume & an increase in blood pressureExplanation
ADH prevents fluid loss. Less urine will be made, and blood pressure will rise slightly as fluids accumulate. Calcium levels that lead to hypercalcemia can, in fact, lead to seizures, but this is due to parathyroid hormone. Although Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone works with ADH to maintain fluid balance, it will not necessarily 'fail' if ADH does. Frequent thirst & urination are symptoms of diabetes.Rate this question:
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- 10.
The actions of FSH in the human body include which of the following?
- A.
Stimulates ovarian granulosa cells to make estrogen.
- B.
Stimulates sertoli cells to enhance sperm maturation.
- C.
Causes release of testosterone in both male & female gonads.
- D.
All of these - A, B, C
- E.
Only A & B
Correct Answer
E. Only A & BExplanation
Testosterone release is triggered by LH.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Because they both 'seek out' reproductive tissues in the body, both FSH & LH are considered which type of hormone?
- A.
Releasing hormone
- B.
Gonadotropic hormone
- C.
Antagonistic hormones
- D.
Osmoregulatory hormones
- E.
Inhibitory hormones
Correct Answer
B. Gonadotropic hormoneExplanation
FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) and LH (luteinizing hormone) are both considered gonadotropic hormones because they target and stimulate the gonads (ovaries in females and testes in males) to produce sex hormones and gametes. These hormones play a crucial role in the reproductive system and are responsible for regulating the menstrual cycle, sperm production, and ovulation. Therefore, FSH and LH are classified as gonadotropic hormones.Rate this question:
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- 12.
In the female human body, FSH & LH levels are controlled by a negative feedback from which two hormones?
- A.
Estrogen & Testosterone
- B.
Testosterone & Inhibin
- C.
Prolactin & Oxytocin
- D.
Progesterone & Estrogen
- E.
Prolactin & Progesterone
Correct Answer
D. Progesterone & EstrogenExplanation
Progesterone and estrogen are the two hormones that control FSH and LH levels in the female human body through negative feedback. Progesterone is primarily produced by the ovaries after ovulation and prepares the uterus for pregnancy. Estrogen is also produced by the ovaries and plays a crucial role in the development and maturation of the eggs. Together, these hormones regulate the menstrual cycle and maintain hormonal balance in the female reproductive system.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Our thirst response is triggered when receptor cells in which organ sense an increase in blood concentration?
- A.
Anterior Pituitary
- B.
Posterior Pituitary
- C.
Hypothalamus
- D.
Nephron
- E.
Stomach
Correct Answer
C. HypothalamusExplanation
The hypothalamus is responsible for triggering our thirst response when receptor cells in this organ sense an increase in blood concentration. This is because the hypothalamus plays a crucial role in maintaining the body's homeostasis, including regulating fluid balance. When blood concentration increases, the hypothalamus detects this change and signals the body to feel thirsty, prompting us to drink fluids and restore the balance.Rate this question:
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- 14.
The process of making glucose available by converting amino acids to glucose is called...
- A.
Glycolysis
- B.
Glycogenolysis
- C.
Gluconation
- D.
Gluconeogenesis
- E.
Glycosemia
Correct Answer
D. GluconeogenesisExplanation
Gluconeogenesis is the process of converting non-carbohydrate sources, such as amino acids, into glucose. This process occurs mainly in the liver and kidneys when the body needs glucose for energy but glycogen stores are depleted. Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose into pyruvate, while glycogenolysis is the breakdown of glycogen into glucose. Gluconation and glycosmia are not recognized terms in relation to the conversion of amino acids to glucose.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Which of the following is NOT true about how our body controls appetite homeostatically?
- A.
PYY from the small intestine helps suppress appetite
- B.
Ghrelins from the stomach help signal fullness/hunger
- C.
Leptins from fat tissue (adipose cells) help suppress appetite
- D.
Insulin can exert slight appetite suppression, while lowering blood glucose
- E.
Glucagon can influence the brain to stimulate a sensation of hunger.
Correct Answer
E. Glucagon can influence the brain to stimulate a sensation of hunger.Explanation
Glucagon is a hormone that is released by the pancreas and plays a role in regulating blood glucose levels. It works in opposition to insulin, causing the liver to release stored glucose into the bloodstream. While glucagon does have an effect on appetite regulation, it does not stimulate a sensation of hunger. Instead, it helps to maintain blood glucose levels during periods of fasting or low blood sugar. Therefore, the statement that glucagon can influence the brain to stimulate a sensation of hunger is not true.Rate this question:
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
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May 12, 2010Quiz Created by
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