Gait Abnormalities MCQ Quiz: Test!

During mid stance, weak hip abduction (glute med) and pelvis tipping down uncompensated can cause the Trendelenburg gait. This gait is characterized by a dropping of the pelvis on the unsupported side during single-leg stance. Weak hip abduction leads to insufficient stabilization of the pelvis, causing it to tilt downwards on the side of the weak glute med. This compensatory mechanism is seen in individuals with a weak glute med, leading to an abnormal gait pattern. Additionally, the given information does not mention any issues related to dorsi or knee flexion, so they are not relevant to the explanation.

The correct answer is long thoracic damage and serratus anterior due to a humeral issue. This is because scapular winging is a condition characterized by the abnormal protrusion or prominence of the scapula (shoulder blade) from the back. It is typically caused by damage to the long thoracic nerve, which innervates the serratus anterior muscle. The serratus anterior muscle plays a crucial role in stabilizing the scapula against the ribcage. When this muscle is weakened or damaged, it can lead to scapular winging and potentially contribute to low back pain.

The correct answer is mid stance, head/trunk tip stance, compensated caused by weak hip abductors. This means that during the mid stance phase of walking, the person's head and trunk tilt to one side as a compensation for weak hip abductors. This helps to maintain balance and prevent the leg from collapsing inward.

The correct answer is radial nerve damage, midhumeral fracture, hard to release objects. Radial nerve damage refers to an injury to the radial nerve, which can occur due to a midhumeral fracture. This type of fracture affects the upper arm bone (humerus) in the middle section. When the radial nerve is damaged, it can lead to wrist drop, which is the inability to extend or lift the wrist and fingers. This can make it difficult to release objects held in the hand.

An antalgic gait is characterized by a painful limp where the affected individual avoids putting weight on the affected leg. This can be caused by various factors such as the presence of a spur, burn, or blisters. The pain experienced during walking leads to a shortened swing phase and steppage gait. Weakness in the hip may also contribute to the antalgic gait.

This answer suggests that weak quads can cause a condition called back knee gait, where the knee may need manual extension. This means that when the person walks, their knee may not fully extend on its own, requiring them to manually extend it. This can result in a penguin-like appearance and foot slap while walking.

The given answer correctly identifies the symptoms of claw hand as being caused by ulnar nerve issues and the loss of intrinsic muscle. This leads to the hyperextension of the phalanges, resulting in the inability to flex the thumb, index, and middle finger.

The given correct answer describes the condition of "ape hand" which is caused by the loss of opposition of the thumb due to damage to the median nerve. This condition is characterized by the inability to bring the thumb in contact with the other fingers, resulting in a hand posture resembling that of an ape. The other options mentioned, such as index finger and radial nerve, arm hangs, and ulnar nerve damage, are not directly associated with the specific symptom of loss of opposition of the thumb.