Bones And Muscles Test

The human body has 206 bones.

Marrow is the correct answer because it is the soft jelly-like tissue found in the middle of certain bones. It is responsible for producing blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Marrow also contains stem cells, which have the ability to differentiate into various types of blood cells. This tissue plays a crucial role in maintaining a healthy blood supply and immune system.

Arthritis is a disease of the bone that inflames the joints, causing pain, swelling, stiffness, and deformity. It is a chronic condition that can affect any joint in the body, including the hands, knees, hips, and spine. Arthritis is caused by various factors, including age, genetics, and autoimmune disorders. It can significantly impact a person's quality of life and may require medical treatment, physical therapy, and lifestyle modifications to manage symptoms and prevent further joint damage.

Muscular dystrophy is a genetic disease that causes the muscles to become weak. It is a group of disorders characterized by progressive muscle weakness and degeneration. The condition is caused by mutations in genes responsible for the structure and function of muscle fibers. This leads to the gradual breakdown and loss of muscle tissue, resulting in weakness and difficulty in performing everyday activities. Muscular dystrophy can affect various muscles in the body, including those responsible for movement, breathing, and heart function.

Ligaments are the cords that attach bone to bone. They are tough and fibrous connective tissues that provide stability and support to joints. Ligaments help to prevent excessive movement and maintain the proper alignment of bones during physical activities. Unlike tendons, which attach muscles to bones, ligaments specifically connect bones together. Cartilage, on the other hand, is a flexible connective tissue that covers the ends of bones and provides cushioning. Bone marrow, located inside bones, is responsible for producing blood cells.

Osteoporosis is a disease that affects the muscles and is characterized by the loss of bone mass, which makes the bones weak. This condition increases the risk of fractures and can lead to bone fractures even with minor trauma or stress on the bones. The other options, such as fracture, arthritis, and bone splint, do not accurately describe the disease of the muscles and the loss of bone mass.

Cartilage is the soft material connecting ribs to the sternum. It is a flexible connective tissue that provides support and structure to the body. It acts as a cushion between bones, allowing for smooth movement and preventing friction. Cartilage is found in various parts of the body, including the ribs, where it helps to attach them to the sternum, providing stability and allowing for the expansion and contraction of the ribcage during breathing.

 The shoulder joint is a ball-and-socket joint, which allows for a wide range of motion in all directions. This type of joint is characterized by a spherical bone (the ball) fitting into a rounded cavity (the socket), providing greater mobility compared to hinge joints (e.g., the elbow), pivot joints (e.g., the neck), or saddle joints (e.g., the thumb).

The correct answer is the periosteum. The periosteum is a thin sheet of outer tissue that covers bones. It provides protection and nourishment to the bone, as well as serving as a point of attachment for tendons and ligaments. It also contains blood vessels and nerve endings, which help in sensing pain and transmitting signals. The periosteum plays a crucial role in bone growth, repair, and remodeling.

Tendons are the correct answer because they are the fibrous cords that connect muscles to bones or muscles to other muscles in the body. They are strong and flexible, allowing for movement and stability in the joints. Ligaments, on the other hand, connect bones to other bones, while cartilage is a connective tissue that provides cushioning and support in the joints. Bone marrow, on the other hand, is a soft tissue found inside bones that produces blood cells.

Bones are lightweight compared to other body tissues, accounting for approximately 14% of a person's body weight.

Muscles work in opposing pairs because they have to work together to create movement. When one muscle contracts, the other muscle in the pair relaxes, allowing for smooth and coordinated movement. This is known as antagonistic muscle action. For example, when you bend your elbow, your biceps muscle contracts and your triceps muscle relaxes. When you straighten your elbow, the triceps muscle contracts and the biceps muscle relaxes. This opposing action allows for controlled and efficient movement.

Bones grow by getting longer at the ends. This is because the growth plates, located at the ends of the long bones, are responsible for bone growth. These growth plates contain cartilage cells that divide and multiply, leading to new bone formation. As the new bone is formed, it pushes the ends of the bone further apart, resulting in bone growth.

Fibromyalgia is a disease of the muscular system that causes widespread pain. It is characterized by chronic pain, fatigue, and tenderness in specific areas of the body. The exact cause of fibromyalgia is unknown, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The pain associated with fibromyalgia can vary in intensity and may be accompanied by other symptoms such as sleep disturbances, headaches, and cognitive difficulties.

Flat bones, such as the ribs, sternum, and skull bones, have a broad, flattened shape that makes them well-suited for protecting internal organs. The ribs shield the heart and lungs, the sternum safeguards the chest, and the skull bones encase the brain. While other bone types have important functions (long bones for support and movement, short bones for stability, and irregular bones for various specialized roles), flat bones are the primary guardians of vital organs.