.
Sugars are made.
Energy is captured.
Chlorophyll is pumped.
Carbon dioxide is formed.
Chloroplasts
Thylakoids
Chlorophyll
Grana
Plants use oxygen to make simple sugars.
Chlorophyll builds sugars in the thylakoid membrane.
Light breaks down water molecules and releases carbon dioxide.
Chloroplasts absorb sunlight and store chemical energy.
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Organelle
DNA
Cell growth and normal function.
Cell growth and preparation for mitosis.
Nuclear membrane reforms.
DNA is replicated.
Nuclear membrane breaks down.
Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell.
Sister chromatids are pulled to opposite sides of the cell.
The cytoplasm splits.
Convert solar energy to chemical energy
Communicate with other cells
Process and deliver proteins
Copy genetic material
DNA.
A nucleus.
Cytoplasm.
A cell membrane.
Decreases the rate of reaction
Increases the temperature
Decreases the activation energy
Increases the volume of the reactants
Golgi apparatus
Mitochondria
Ribosomes
Centrioles
Nucleus
Mitochondrion
Centriole
Chloroplast
Folded inner membrane
Mitochondrial matrix
Stroma
Thylakoid membrane
Photosynthesis.
Aerobic respiration.
Electron transport.
Glycolysis.
Phylum
Species
Genus
Order
Cytoplasm
Mitochondrial matrix
Mitochondrial inner membrane
Chloroplast
Bacteria
Plantae
Protista
Animalia
Four
Five
Six
Eight
Natural selection
Sexual selection
Genetic drift
Gene flow
Bipedalism frees the hands to use tools
Bipedalism frees the hands to carry food
Bipedalism frees the hands to carry young
Bipedalism frees the hands to walk faster
The environment
A breeder
Mutation
A virus
Hybridization
Mutation
Natural selection
Sexual selection
Mutation
Gene flow
Gene pool
Allele
Artificial selection
Natural selection
Descent with modification
Overproduction
Very similar DNA sequences
Exactly the same DNA sequences
No proteins in common
Completely different DNA sequences
Australopithecus aferensis
Australopithecus africanus
Homo erectus
Homo neanderthalensis
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