Unit 7 Target 2: Mitosis Vs Meiosis Quiz

1. Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of

Diploid sex cells.

Haploid sex cells.

Haploid body cells.

Diploid body cells.

Meiosis is a type of cell division that occurs in sexually reproducing organisms to produce gametes, which are sex cells. Unlike mitosis, which results in the formation of diploid cells, meiosis results in the formation of haploid cells. Haploid cells have half the number of chromosomes as diploid cells and are necessary for sexual reproduction as they combine during fertilization to form a diploid zygote. Therefore, the correct answer is haploid sex cells.

Explanation

Meiosis is a type of cell division that occurs in sexually reproducing organisms to produce gametes, which are sex cells. Unlike mitosis, which results in the formation of diploid cells, meiosis results in the formation of haploid cells. Haploid cells have half the number of chromosomes as diploid cells and are necessary for sexual reproduction as they combine during fertilization to form a diploid zygote. Therefore, the correct answer is haploid sex cells.

2. Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of

Two genetically identical cells.

Four genetically different cells.

Four genetically identical cells.

Two genetically different cells.

Meiosis is a type of cell division that occurs in reproductive cells to produce gametes (sperm and eggs). Unlike mitosis, which produces genetically identical cells, meiosis involves two rounds of cell division resulting in the formation of four genetically different cells. This is due to the process of crossing over, where genetic material is exchanged between homologous chromosomes, leading to genetic variation among the resulting cells. Therefore, the correct answer is four genetically different cells.

Explanation

Meiosis is a type of cell division that occurs in reproductive cells to produce gametes (sperm and eggs). Unlike mitosis, which produces genetically identical cells, meiosis involves two rounds of cell division resulting in the formation of four genetically different cells. This is due to the process of crossing over, where genetic material is exchanged between homologous chromosomes, leading to genetic variation among the resulting cells. Therefore, the correct answer is four genetically different cells.

3. Meiosis results in the formation of

Haploid body cells.

Haploid sex cells.

Diploid body cells.

Diploid sex cells.

Meiosis is a type of cell division that occurs in sexually reproducing organisms. It involves two rounds of division, resulting in the formation of four daughter cells. These daughter cells are genetically different from each other and from the parent cell. In meiosis, the cells undergo a reduction in chromosome number, resulting in the formation of haploid cells. Haploid cells contain only one set of chromosomes, which is necessary for sexual reproduction. Therefore, the correct answer is haploid sex cells.

Explanation

Meiosis is a type of cell division that occurs in sexually reproducing organisms. It involves two rounds of division, resulting in the formation of four daughter cells. These daughter cells are genetically different from each other and from the parent cell. In meiosis, the cells undergo a reduction in chromosome number, resulting in the formation of haploid cells. Haploid cells contain only one set of chromosomes, which is necessary for sexual reproduction. Therefore, the correct answer is haploid sex cells.

4. Mitosis results in the formation of

Haploid body cells.

Diploid sex cells.

Diploid body cells.

Haploid sex cells.

Mitosis is a type of cell division that results in the formation of two identical daughter cells, each containing the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Since the parent cell is diploid, meaning it has two sets of chromosomes, the daughter cells produced by mitosis will also be diploid. Therefore, the correct answer is diploid body cells.

Explanation

Mitosis is a type of cell division that results in the formation of two identical daughter cells, each containing the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Since the parent cell is diploid, meaning it has two sets of chromosomes, the daughter cells produced by mitosis will also be diploid. Therefore, the correct answer is diploid body cells.

5. The difference between anaphase of mitosis and anaphase I of meiosis is that

The chromosomes line up at the equator in anaphase I.

Centromeres do not exist in anaphase I.

Chromatids do not seperate at the centromere in anaphase I.

Crossing-over occurs only in anaphase of mitosis.

In anaphase of mitosis, the chromatids separate at the centromere and move towards opposite poles of the cell, resulting in two identical sets of chromosomes in each daughter cell. However, in anaphase I of meiosis, the homologous chromosomes separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell, but the chromatids do not separate. This is because the chromatids remain attached at the centromere until anaphase II of meiosis. Therefore, the correct answer is that chromatids do not separate at the centromere in anaphase I.

Explanation

In anaphase of mitosis, the chromatids separate at the centromere and move towards opposite poles of the cell, resulting in two identical sets of chromosomes in each daughter cell. However, in anaphase I of meiosis, the homologous chromosomes separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell, but the chromatids do not separate. This is because the chromatids remain attached at the centromere until anaphase II of meiosis. Therefore, the correct answer is that chromatids do not separate at the centromere in anaphase I.

6. Crossing-over rarely occurs in mitosis, unlike meiosis. Which of the following is the likely reason?

Chromatids are not involved in mitosis.

Tetrads rarely form during mitosis.

A cell undergoing mitosis does not have homologous chromosome.

There is no prophase during mitosis.

During mitosis, the chromosomes replicate and separate into two identical sets, but crossing-over, which is the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes, rarely occurs. This is because mitosis involves the division of somatic cells, which do not require genetic variation. In meiosis, on the other hand, crossing-over is essential for genetic diversity, as it occurs during the formation of tetrads, where homologous chromosomes pair up. Therefore, the likely reason for crossing-over rarely occurring in mitosis is that tetrads rarely form during this process.

Explanation

During mitosis, the chromosomes replicate and separate into two identical sets, but crossing-over, which is the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes, rarely occurs. This is because mitosis involves the division of somatic cells, which do not require genetic variation. In meiosis, on the other hand, crossing-over is essential for genetic diversity, as it occurs during the formation of tetrads, where homologous chromosomes pair up. Therefore, the likely reason for crossing-over rarely occurring in mitosis is that tetrads rarely form during this process.