Ch. 16 Social Psych Review Quiz
Answer the following questions over Ch. 16 Social Psych. Please remember to include your name on the first screen in order to get points. If not make sure that you send me a copy or turn one in of your score.
- 1.__________ is best known for his research on conformity.
- A.
Asch
- B.
Rubin
- C.
Schachter
- D.
Zimbardo
- 2.Which is TRUE regarding choosing a mate?
- A.
People who marry are highly similar in age, education, race, religion, and ethnic background.
- B.
The highest correlation between people who marry involves their temperaments.
- C.
In the United States kindness and understanding are ranked as being the least important qualities in a mate.
- D.
Men rate physical attractiveness as a less important quality in a mate than women do.
- 3.According to Janis, John F. Kennedy's Bay of Pigs failure was caused in large part by
- A.
brainstorming.
- B.
Groupthink.
- C.
The self-censorship effect.
- D.
The expert power effect.
- 4.When we perform well, we typically attribute our success to __________.
- A.
Internal characteristics
- B.
Our group of colleagues
- C.
External circumstances
- D.
Our personality type
- 5.According to the theory of cognitive dissonance, attitudes are changed because
- A.
Emotionally persuasive arguments unfreeze beliefs.
- B.
Logical arguments alter the belief component of an attitude.
- C.
Clashing thoughts cause discomfort.
- D.
Acting contrary to one's beliefs for a large reward causes dissonance.
- 6.You are walking into a store when a man rudely cuts in front of you, almost shoving you, so that he may enter the store first. "What a jerk!" you think to yourself. As you enter the store, you see the same man performing an emergency tracheotomy on a women with a collapsed windpipe. You have just
- A.
Discounted a person's actions due to situational demands.
- B.
Self-handicapped.
- C.
Overemphasized the object in this action sequence.
- D.
Made the fundamental attribution error.
- 7.When subjects in Milgram's obedience experiments received their orders over the phone, they
- A.
Conformed more completely due to the formality of the telephoned instructions.
- B.
Completely refused to participate.
- C.
Were only slightly more obedient than they were in face-to-face conditions.
- D.
Were far less obedient.
- 8.Solomon Asch's classic experiment (in which subjects judged a standard line and comparison lines) was arranged to test the limits of
- A.
social perception.
- B.
Indoctrination.
- C.
Coercive power.
- D.
Conformity.
- 9.Attribution theory concerns our tendency to explain our behavior and that of others
- A.
by external causes rather than internal causes.
- B.
by inferring causes on the basis of internal or external factors.
- C.
by internal rather than external causes.
- D.
Based on personality factors
- 10.The __________ hypothesis states that frustration tends to lead to aggression.
- A.
frustration-aggression
- B.
Biological instinct
- C.
Social learning
- D.
Cognitive dissonance
- 11.A compulsion by decision makers to maintain each other's approval, even at the cost of critical thinking and good judgment, is called
- A.
The halo effect.
- B.
Expert power.
- C.
Groupthink.
- D.
social conformity.
- 12.The person who agrees to a small request initially is more likely later to comply with a larger demand. This describes the
- A.
Door-in-the-face-effect.
- B.
foot-in-the-door effect.
- C.
Low-ball technique.
- D.
high-ball technique.
- 13.You are asked by a close friend to outline a complete text to aid her studying for a final exam. You refuse to help. Later, your friend asks if you would at least outline two chapters. Feeling guilty, you now agree to help. Your behavior is predicted by the
- A.
foot-in-the-face technique.
- B.
High-ball effect.
- C.
low-ball technique.
- D.
Door-in-the-face effect.
- 14.Subjects in Milgram's experiment who gave large shocks rationalized that they were NOT personally responsible for their actions. This raises questions about our willingness to commit inhumane acts as a result of
- A.
coercive power.
- B.
Obedience to a legitimate authority.
- C.
Expert power.
- D.
Conformity to group pressure.
- 15.The process of changing your behavior to match that of others in a group is
- A.
norming.
- B.
Forming a social contract.
- C.
Conformity.
- D.
Standardization.
- 16.A student who is unprepared for a final exam complains that he has a stomach ache and cannot take the exam. If the student's roommate ignores this complaint, he or she has probably attributed the student's symptoms to the
- A.
object.
- B.
actor.
- C.
Situation.
- D.
Need for affiliation.
- 17.Physical proximity increases attraction because it
- A.
increases frequency of contact.
- B.
Enhances social comparisons.
- C.
Establishes common norms.
- D.
Reduces development of incompatible roles.
- 18.In general, helping behavior in emergency situations is discouraged by
- A.
the presence of a large number of persons.
- B.
low costs associated with helping.
- C.
Smaller social distance between the helper and the victim.
- D.
Fear of cognitive dissonance.
- 19.The fact that physically attractive people also tend to be rated more highly on traits such as intelligence and honesty is an example of
- A.
social magnetism.
- B.
Role modeling.
- C.
Social comparisons.
- D.
The halo effect.
- 20.Negative attitudes that are tinged with fear, hatred, or suspicion is a definition of
- A.
prejudice.
- B.
Authoritarianism.
- C.
Discrimination.
- D.
Displaced aggression.
- 21.When you have "clashing thoughts," you are experiencing
- A.
conformity pressure.
- B.
Obedience pressure.
- C.
Cognitive dissonance.
- D.
Open-ended role conflict.
- 22.In an experiment in which a "student" simulated a seizure, helping was inhibited by
- A.
Conditions employing smaller groups.
- B.
Diffusion of responsibility.
- C.
Group discussion.
- D.
Reference cognitive dissonance
- 23.When making the "attribution error," we tend to overestimate the importance of __________ in judging the behavior of others.
- A.
personal factors
- B.
Situational factors
- C.
Intelligence
- D.
Motivation
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