Psych 135 UCLA Social Psych Shapiro Ch 12/13/7

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Questions: 9 | Attempts: 58 | Updated: May 18, 2023

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Psych 135 UCLA Social Psych Shapiro Ch 12/13/7 - Quiz

this is a final for a social psychology class.

Questions and Answers

1.

Group
- A.
  
  Two or more people who influence each other; two or more interacting people who share a common goal, have a stable relationship, are somehow interdependent, and perceive that they are part of a group
- B.
  
  The process through which the presence of other increases the likelihood of dominant responses, leading to better performance on well-mastered tasks and worse performances on unmastered tasks
- C.
  
  The mere presence of others is sufficient to produce the effects
- D.
  
  Audiences produce arousal because they are a source of evaluation
- E.
  
  A concern about how one appears in the eyes of others - that is, about being evaluated
Correct Answer
A. Two or more people who influence each other; two or more interacting people who share a common goal, have a stable relationship, are somehow interdependent, and perceive that they are part of a group

Explanation
B - social facilitation (cockroach experiment)
C - Zajonc's theory
D - Cottrell's theory
E - evaluation apprehension

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2.

Social loafing
- A.
  
  Division of labor - combine contributions of several individuals/see and correct individual erros
- B.
  
  Reducing one's personal efforts in a group - the tendency for people to exert less effort when they pool their efforts toward a common goal than when they are individually accountable
- C.
  
  Make sure each person's work is identifiable/make the task personally meaningful
Correct Answer
B. Reducing one's personal efforts in a group - the tendency for people to exert less effort when they pool their efforts toward a common goal than when they are individually accountable

Explanation
A - when groups produce better outcomes
C - reduce social loafing

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3.

The process of losing one's sense of personal identity, which makes it easier to behave in way inconsistent with one's normal values

Correct Answer
deindividuation

Explanation
Deindividuation refers to the process of losing one's sense of personal identity, which in turn makes it easier for individuals to behave in ways that are inconsistent with their normal values. This phenomenon occurs in situations where individuals feel anonymous or part of a large group, leading to a decrease in self-awareness and a reduced sense of personal responsibility. As a result, individuals may engage in behaviors that they would not typically engage in, as the loss of personal identity diminishes the fear of social consequences or judgment.

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4
4.

Physical Anonymity
- A.
  
  The larger the crowd, the more likely members will lose self-awareness
- B.
  
  Hoods, tops of cars up, masks
- C.
  
  Lots of noise, chanting, clapping
Correct Answer
B. Hoods, tops of cars up, masks

Explanation
A - group size
C - arousing and distracting activities
*** situations that foster anonymity and draw attention away from the individual (encourage de-individuation)

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5.

Role
- A.
  
  A ranking of group members by their power and influence over other members
- B.
  
  The pattern of information flow through a group
- C.
  
  Expectation held by the group for how members in a particular position ought to behave
- D.
  
  The strength of bonds between group members
Correct Answer
C. Expectation held by the group for how members in a particular position ought to behave

Explanation
A - status hierarchy
B - communication network
C - cohesiveness

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6.

Transactive memory
- A.
  
  A group memory system made up of (1) the knowledge held by individual group members (2) a communication network for sharing the knowledge among the members
- B.
  
  Occurs when group discussion leads members to make decisions that are more extremely on the side of the issue than the group initially favored
- C.
  
  Occurs when opinion minorities persuade others of their views
- D.
  
  A style of group decision making characterized by a greater desire among members to get along and agree with one another than to generate and critically evaluate alternative viewpoints and positions
Correct Answer
A. A group memory system made up of (1) the knowledge held by individual group members (2) a communication network for sharing the knowledge among the members

Explanation
B - group polarization
C - minority influence
D - groupthink

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7.

Transformational leadership
- A.
  
  A prejudiced social environment provides permission for people to express bigoted opinions they already hold - suggests that people may not be expressing the prejudices they have
- B.
  
  Leadership that changes the motivations, outlooks,m and behaviors of followers enabling the group to reach its goals better
- C.
  
  Can make drastic difference in performance (Asian women experiment)
Correct Answer
B. Leadership that changes the motivations, outlooks,m and behaviors of followers enabling the group to reach its goals better

Explanation
A - conformity seeking
C - situational nature

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8.

Communal sharing
- A.
  
  A form of exchange in which members of a group share a pool of resources, taking when they are in need and giving when others are in need
- B.
  
  A form of exchange in which goods are divided according to a person's status in the group
- C.
  
  A form of exchange in which each person gets the same as the others
- D.
  
  A form of exchange in which everyone gets out of proportion to what they put in
Correct Answer
A. A form of exchange in which members of a group share a pool of resources, taking when they are in need and giving when others are in need

Explanation
B - authority ranking
C - equality matching
D - market pricing

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9.

Proximity-attraction principle
- A.
  
  Assets that can be drawn from one's network of personal relationships
- B.
  
  The tendency to feel positively toward people, places, or things we have seen frequently
- C.
  
  The tendency to become friends with those who live or work nearby
Correct Answer
C. The tendency to become friends with those who live or work nearby

Explanation
B - mere exposure effect

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Current Version
May 18, 2023

Quiz Edited by
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May 30, 2010

Quiz Created by
Ilsaal

Psych 135 UCLA Social Psych Shapiro Ch 12/13/7

Group

Social loafing

The process of losing one's sense of personal identity, which makes it easier to behave in way inconsistent with one's normal values

Physical Anonymity

Role

Transactive memory

Transformational leadership

Communal sharing

Proximity-attraction principle