Knowledge Test About Diseases! Trivia Quiz

20 Questions | By Chachelly | Last updated: Mar 21, 2022 | Total Attempts: 109

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Knowledge Test About Diseases! Trivia Quiz - Quiz

How many different diseases do you think there are? There are so many diseases globally, and some are even rare and unheeded. Some are common and occur in over sixty percent of the world’s population, according to research conducted in 2015. The deadliest disease is said to be coronary artery disease. This quiz will help you to learn about various diseases.

Questions and Answers

1.

Based on their relative locations in the spinal cord, which of the following tracts or fiber bundles would most likely be involved In a lesion located in the immediate vicinity of the lateral corticospinal tract?
- A.
  
  Anterolateral system
- B.
  
  Anterior spinocerebellar tract
- C.
  
  Gracile fasciculus
- D.
  
  Medial longitudinal fasciculus
- E.
  
  Rubrospinal tract
2.

A 70-year old woman is brought to the emergency department by members of the volunteer fire department of a small town. She primarily complains of weakness. The examination reveals hemiplegia involving the left upper and lower extremities, sensory losses (pain, thermal sensations, and proprioception) on the left side of the body and face, and a visual deficit in both eyes. MRI shows an area of infarction consistent with the territory served by the anterior choroidal artery. The weakness of the extremities in this woman is most likely due to damage to which of the following?
- A.
  
  Corticospinal fibers on the left
- B.
  
  Corticospinal fibers on the right
- C.
  
  Somatomotor cortex on the right
- D.
  
  Thalamocortical fibers to motor cortex on the right
- E.
  
  Thalamocortical fibers to sensory cortex on the right
3.

A 57-year-old woman presents with the main complaint of difficulty speaking. The examination reveals that the woman's tongue deviates to the right on the attempted protrusion. When she says \\Ah" her soft palate elevates slightly on the left and the uvula deviates to the same side. This combination of deficits most likely indicates a small lesion in which of the following?
- A.
  
  Crus cerebri on the right
- B.
  
  Genu of the internal capsule on the left
- C.
  
  Genu of the internal capsule on the right
- D.
  
  Lateral medulla on the right
- E.
  
  Medial medulla on the right
4.

A 47-year-old man is transported to the emergency department from the site of an automobile collision. The examination reveals a paralysis of both lower extremities. Which of the following most specifically identifies this clinical picture?
- A.
  
  Alternating hemiplegia
- B.
  
  Hemiplegia
- C.
  
  Monoplegia
- D.
  
  Quadriplegia
- E.
  
  Paraplegia
5.

A 37-year-old man is brought to the emergency department with a severe head injury. Within a few hours he is decerebrate (upper and lower extremities extended) and comatose. The extension of his extremities indicates a dominant input to extensor motor neurons through reticulospinal fibers/tracts. Which of the following most specifically describes the position of these activated fibers within the spinal cord?
- A.
  
  Anterolateral area (area of anterolateral system)
- B.
  
  Posterolateral area (area of lateral corticospinal tract)
- C.
  
  Posteriorcolumns
- D.
  
  Posterolateral (dorsolateraI)tract
- E.
  
  Intermediatezone
6.

Following a motor bike accident, a 22-year old man presents with paraplegia. Name (i) the tract affected (ii) the site of injury and (iii) the type of lesion
- A.
  
  Corticobulbar tract, genu of internal capsule, bilateral
- B.
  
  Spinothalamic, thoracic, unilateral
- C.
  
  Corticospinal tract, rostral to the decussation of pyramids, bilateral
- D.
  
  Corticospinal tract, thoracic, bilateral
- E.
  
  Corticospinal tract, posterior limb, unilateral
7.

Your elderly neighbor has difficulties in picking up his newspaper properly from his porch and you have also noticed that he exhibits issues with correctly grasping his brandy glass when he invites you over for a drink. He told you that he has problems controlling the distance of his movements. You know this to be which of the following?
- A.
  
  Akinesia
- B.
  
  Dysdiadochokinesia
- C.
  
  Bradykinesia
- D.
  
  Dysphagia
- E.
  
  Dysmetria
8.

Which of the following statements about the choroid of the eye is INCORRECT?
- A.
  
  There are many melanocytes in the choroid
- B.
  
  There are many venous plexuses in the choroid
- C.
  
  The anterior rim of the choroid becomes the ciliary body
- D.
  
  The choroid touches the neural retina
- E.
  
  The choroid is mostly loose connective tissue
9.

A 52-year-old woman has difficulty reading small print in newspapers and magazines. Her ophthalmologist explains to her that she is suffering from a condition due to a loss of her ability to accommodate and focus on near objects. She most likely has which of the following?
- A.
  
  Astigmatism
- B.
  
  Cataracts
- C.
  
  Optic atrophy
- D.
  
  Macular degeneration
- E.
  
  Presbyopia
10.

A 26-year old woman presented with diplopia. The abduction of both eyes were normal. The adduction of both eyes were quite limited in each eye. MRI revealed a multifocal lesion in the pons bilaterally next to the midline. Which structure is most probably affected?
- A.
  
  Medial lernruscus
- B.
  
  Lateral lemniscus
- C.
  
  Abducent nucleus
- D.
  
  PPRF
- E.
  
  Medial longitudinal fascicle
11.

Your 82-year old patient is in very good overall health. He does have, however, some deficits in hearing. He cannot hear the full l range of sounds that a young person can normally hear. You explain to him that this loss of hearing is common with aging and that he shouldn't worry about it. The hearing loss he is experiencing is most likely?
- A.
  
  The result of damage to hair cells that respond maximally to low frequency sounds
- B.
  
  The result of damage to hair cells that respond maximally to mid frequency sounds
- C.
  
  The result of damage to hair cells at base of basilar membrane
- D.
  
  The result of damage to hair cells at apex of basilar membrane
12.

What is the main function of the outer hair cells?
- A.
  
  Production of endolymph
- B.
  
  Cochlear amplification
- C.
  
  Production of perilymph
- D.
  
  Emission of sound
- E.
  
  Inhibition of inner hair cells
13.

The opening of ion channels in stereocilia results in inner hair cell depolarization. If we were to take the ions responsible for this depolarization of hair cells and add these ions to the extracellular solution surrounding a cerebellar Purkinje cell, what would happen to the resting membrane potential of the cerebellar Purkinje cell?
- A.
  
  Nothing
- B.
  
  Hyperpolarization
- C.
  
  Depolarization
- D.
  
  Repolarization
14.

Damage to the efferent portion of the muscle spindle would involve which of the following fiber types?
- A.
  
  B fibers
- B.
  
  Aa fibers
- C.
  
  C fibers
- D.
  
  Ay fibers
- E.
  
  AB fibers
15.

A 22-year-old woman n is suffering from bilateral weakness of her lower limbs. Which of the following represents the most likely location of this lesion?
- A.
  
  A lesion rostral to the pyramidal decussation
- B.
  
  The left genu of the internal capsule
- C.
  
  The right posterior limb of the internal capsule
- D.
  
  A lesion caudal to the pyramidal decussation
- E.
  
  The right genu of the internal capsule
16.

A 52-year-old woman who is unable to move her left leg visits your office. Sensory modalities in all of her limbs are retained and there appears to be no sign of weakness in any of her other limbs. In which of the following structures are the cell bodies of lower motor neurons innervating the lower limb located?
- A.
  
  Lamina I-VI
- B.
  
  Lamina VIII, IX
- C.
  
  Lamina X
- D.
  
  Lamina III, IV
- E.
  
  Lamina I, II
17.

A 74-year-old woman was residing in a rehabilitation facility while recovering from an infection. She was doing well until one morning she suddenly developed slurred speech and right sided weakness. An emergency neurologist was consulted. Medical history was notable for hypertension, coronary artery disease and a recent onset of atrial fibrillation. Examination revealed weak movements of the right face with only mild forehead involvement. Decreased palate movement on the right, and rightward tongue deviation. The neurologist suspected lacunar infarction, which was confirmed by MRI. Where is the most possible localization?
- A.
  
  Left prefrontal gyrus medial part of the hemisphere
- B.
  
  Right Broca area with involvement of lower part of Broadmann area 4.
- C.
  
  Left posterior limb of internal capsule
- D.
  
  Left genu of internal capsule
- E.
  
  Right posterior limb and genu of internal capsule
18.

A57-year-old man presents with hoarseness. The neurological examination reveals a deviation of the uvula to the left on phonation, deviation of the tongue to the right on the protrusion, and weakness of the facial muscles around the mouth on the right. Which of the following would most likely also be seen in this man?
- A.
  
  Inability to turn his head to the left against resistance
- B.
  
  Inability to turn his head to the right against resistance
- C.
  
  Inability to shrug the right shoulder against resistance
- D.
  
  Weakness of the masticatory muscles on the left
- E.
  
  Weakness of the masticatory muscles on the right
19.

A 57-year-old obese man is brought to the emergency department by his wife. The examination reveals that cranial nerve function is normal but the man has the bilateral weakness of his lower extremities. He has no sensory deficits. MRI shows a small infarcted area in the general region of the cervical spinal cord-medulla junction. Which of the following represents the most likely location of this lesion?
- A.
  
  Caudal part of the pyramidal decussation
- B.
  
  Lateral corticospinal tract on the left
- C.
  
  Pyramids bilaterally
- D.
  
  Pyramid on the right
- E.
  
  Rostral part of the pyramidal decussation
20.

Which of the following would produce maximum excitation of the hair cells in the right horizontal semicircular canal?
- A.
  
  Hyperpolarization of the hair cells
- B.
  
  Bending the stereocilia away from the kinocilia
- C.
  
  Rapid ascent in an elevator
- D.
  
  Rotating the head to the right