Pharm Antihypertensives
Presenting with hypertension – also known as high blood pressure – can be a rather harrowing realisation for any patient. That said, it isn’t the end of the road. Antihypertensives are drugs used to treat just that very condition, and today we’ll be asking you a number of questions regarding them.
- 1.Directions: questions 1-5 Match each antihypertensive drug with its appropriate mechanism of action (each lettered option can be selected once, more than once, or not at all): Nitric oxide is the active metabolite
- A.
Aliskiren
- B.
Clonidine
- C.
Diazoxide
- D.
Enalapril
- E.
Fenoldopam
- F.
Furosemide
- G.
Hydralazine
- H.
Hydrochlorothiazide
- I.
Labetalol
- J.
Losartan
- K.
Methyldopa
- L.
Nifedipine
- M.
Nitroprusside
- N.
Prazosin
- O.
PropranoloL
- P.
Spironolactone
- Q.
Verapamil
- 2.Directions: questions 1-5 Match each antihypertensive drug with its appropriate mechanism of action (each lettered option can be selected once, more than once, or not at all): Activation of D1 receptors
- A.
Aliskiren
- B.
Clonidine
- C.
Diazoxide
- D.
Enalapril
- E.
Fenoldopam
- F.
Furosemide
- G.
Hydralazine
- H.
Hydrochlorothiazide
- I.
Labetalol
- J.
Losartan
- K.
Methyldopa
- L.
Nifedipine
- M.
Nitroprusside
- N.
Prazosin
- O.
PropranoloL
- P.
Spironolactone
- Q.
Verapamil
- 3.Directions: questions 1-5 Match each antihypertensive drug with its appropriate mechanism of action (each lettered option can be selected once, more than once, or not at all): Blockade of AT1 receptors
- A.
Aliskiren
- B.
Clonidine
- C.
Diazoxide
- D.
Enalapril
- E.
Fenoldopam
- F.
Furosemide
- G.
Hydralazine
- H.
Hydrochlorothiazide
- I.
Labetalol
- J.
Losartan
- K.
Methyldopa
- L.
Nifedipine
- M.
Nitroprusside
- N.
Prazosin
- O.
PropranoloL
- P.
Spironolactone
- Q.
Verapamil
- 4.Directions: questions 1-5 Match each antihypertensive drug with its appropriate mechanism of action (each lettered option can be selected once, more than once, or not at all): Potassium channel opening in smooth muscle cells
- A.
Aliskiren
- B.
Clonidine
- C.
Diazoxide
- D.
Enalapril
- E.
Fenoldopam
- F.
Furosemide
- G.
Hydralazine
- H.
Hydrochlorothiazide
- I.
Labetalol
- J.
Losartan
- K.
Methyldopa
- L.
Nifedipine
- M.
Nitroprusside
- N.
Prazosin
- O.
PropranoloL
- P.
Spironolactone
- Q.
Verapamil
- 5.Directions: questions 1-5 Match each antihypertensive drug with its appropriate mechanism of action (each lettered option can be selected once, more than once, or not at all): Competitive inhibition of renin
- A.
Aliskiren
- B.
Clonidine
- C.
Diazoxide
- D.
Enalapril
- E.
Fenoldopam
- F.
Furosemide
- G.
Hydralazine
- H.
Hydrochlorothiazide
- I.
Labetalol
- J.
Losartan
- K.
Methyldopa
- L.
Nifedipine
- M.
Nitroprusside
- N.
Prazosin
- O.
PropranoloL
- P.
Spironolactone
- Q.
Verapamil
- 6.A 63-year-old man, recently diagnosed with stage 1 essential hypertension, started a treatment with hydrochlorothiazide. After several weeks of treatment, the antihypertensive action of the drug was most likely associated with which of the following effects?
- A.
Remarkable postural hypotension
- B.
Decreased cardiac output
- C.
Decreased peripheral vascular resistance
- D.
Increased interstitial fluid volume
- E.
Decreased renal blood flow
- 7.A 52-year-old man complained to his physician of acute pain at the base of his right big toe. The man, who had been working as a painter for 15 years, was recently diagnosed with essential hypertension and started an antihypertensive therapy one month ago. A lab test showed a plasma uric acid level of 17 mg/dL. Which of the following drugs might have caused the symptoms and signs of this patient?
- A.
Captopril
- B.
Hydrochlorothiazide
- C.
Methyldopa
- D.
Furosemide
- E.
Prazosin
- F.
Minoxidil
- 8.A 65 year-old woman was found to have a blood pressure of 165/90 during a routine visit. Past history of the patient was significant for a second-degree heart block and for osteoporosis. One year ago she had suffered from a severe episode of angioedema. Which of the following antihypertensive drugs would be most appropriate for this patient?
- A.
Captopril
- B.
Propranolol
- C.
Verapamil
- D.
Hydrochlorothiazide
- E.
Minoxidil
- 9.A 52-y/o woman suffering from HTN still had a blood pressure of 156/92 mm Hg after three months of therapy with hydrochlorotiazide and losartan. Her physician decided to add a third drug which acts by decreasing central sympathetic outflow. Which of the following adverse effects might most likely occur after few days of therapy with the new drug?
- A.
Severe postural hypotension
- B.
Megaloblastic anemia
- C.
Palpitations
- D.
Pronounced sedation
- E.
Sialorrhea
- 10.A 65-year-old man with stage 2 essential hypertension, had been taking a thiazide diuretic and losartan for three months but his blood pressure was still 160/95 mm Hg. The physician decided to add a third drug and now his blood pressure was well controlled. However, because the patient was experiencing daytime somnolence and dry mouth, he decided to discontinue the prescribed medication. Twenty-four hour later he exhibited restlessness, apprehension, tremor, sweating and tachycardia. Which of the following drugs was most likely added to the patient regimen?
- A.
Captopril
- B.
Minoxidil
- C.
Nifedipine
- D.
Hydralazine
- E.
Clonidine
- F.
Fenoldopam
- 11.A 35-year-old woman in her 29th week of gestation was found to have a positive direct Coombs’ test during a routine prenatal visit. Two months after she became pregnant, she was diagnosed with stage 1 hypertension and started an antihypertensive therapy. Which of the following drugs was she most likely taking?
- A.
Captopril
- B.
Propranolol
- C.
Nifedipine
- D.
Methyldopa
- E.
Prazosin
- F.
Losartan
- 12.A 47-year-old man with a history of hypertension had been taking hydrochlorothiazide for one month, but his blood pressure was not controlled despite adherence to medication and nonpharmacologic measures. The patient was also trying to quit smoking without success. The physician decided to add to the therapeutic regimen a second drug that also could help the patient as an adjunct to a smoking cessation program. Which of the following drug was most likely prescribed?
- A.
Minoxidil
- B.
Propranolol
- C.
Nifedipine
- D.
Clonidine
- E.
Hydralazine
- 13.A 60-year-old man reported to his physician that he felt very dizzy and fainted upon standing up rapidly, after. The man, recently diagnosed with stage 1 essential hypertension and prostatic hyperplasia, started a drug treatment one week previously. Which of the following drugs most likely caused this adverse effect?
- A.
Propranolol
- B.
Minoxidil
- C.
Hydralazine
- D.
Prazosin
- E.
Methyldopa
- F.
Fenoldopam
- 14.A 61-year-old man suffering from hypertension had been taking hydrochlorothiazide and propranolol for two months but the therapy failed to completely control his blood pressure. The man was recently diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia and experienced frequent nocturia. His physician decided to add a third drug which could also help the patient’s difficulty in urinating. A drug from which of the following drug classes was most likely prescribed?
- A.
Alpha-1 blockers
- B.
Ca channel blockers
- C.
Ace inhibitors
- D.
Dopamine D1 blockers
- E.
Alpha-2 agonists
- F.
Beta-blockers
- 15.A 50-year-old woman complained to o her physician complaining of dizziness and vertigo of three days duration. The woman, recently diagnosed with hypertension and diastolic dysfunction, started a hypertensive therapy one week previously. Physical examination showed blood pressure of 166/94 mm Hg while laying and of 140/83 mm Hg while standing. Which of the following antihypertensive drugs was the patient most likely taking?
- A.
Propranolol
- B.
Clonidine
- C.
Captopril
- D.
Hydrochlorothiazide
- E.
Labetalol
- 16.A 38-year-old man was diagnosed with hypertension (156/95 mm Hg) during a routine visit. Subsequent exams indicated he was affected by hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Which of the following antihypertensive drugs would be most appropriate for this patient?
- A.
Minoxidil
- B.
Hydralazine
- C.
Clonidine
- D.
Prazosin
- E.
Propranolol
- F.
Captopril
- 17.A 64-year-old man with a long history of hypertension presented to the hospital complaining of the sudden onset of severe, sharp, diffuse chest pain which radiated to his back. Physical examination revealed a pulse of 110 bpm and a blood pressure of 200/120 mm Hg. A CT scan showed a dissection of the arch of the aorta. An emergency treatment was started IV. Which of the following pairs of drugs were most likely administered?
- A.
Labetalol and prazosin
- B.
Diazoxide and hydralazine
- C.
Clonidine and captopril
- D.
Nitroprusside and esmolol
- E.
Minoxidil and nifedipine
- 18.
![A 56-year-old woman recently diagnosed with hypertension and atrial fibrillation
started a treatment with atenolol, two tablets daily. Which of the following sets of
physiologic changes was most likely after the administration of the drug?
- ProProfs]( "A 56-year-old woman recently diagnosed with hypertension and atrial fibrillation
started a treatment with atenolol, two tablets daily. Which of the following sets of
physiologic changes was most likely after the administration of the drug?")
A 56-year-old woman recently diagnosed with hypertension and atrial fibrillation started a treatment with atenolol, two tablets daily. Which of the following sets of physiologic changes was most likely after the administration of the drug?- A.
A
- B.
B
- C.
C
- D.
D
- E.
E
- 19.A 56-year-old man complained to his physician of palpitations, sweating and flushing of two day duration. The man, who had been suffering from hypertension for 3 months, had started a therapy with hydrochlorothiazide and captopril but one month later his blood pressure was still 170/100 mm Hg. One week ago the physician decided to add a third antihypertensive agent to the treatment. Which of the following drugs was most likely added to the patient’s therapy?
- A.
Hydralazine
- B.
Propranolol
- C.
Verapamil
- D.
Clonidine
- E.
Nitroprusside
- 20.A 61-year-old man, suffering from stage 2 hypertension for many years, had minoxidil added recently to his antihypertensive therapy. Which of the following actions best explains the antihypertensive effect of this drug?
- A.
Decreased cardiac output
- B.
Decreased central adrenergic tone
- C.
Decreased extracellular fluid volume
- D.
Decreased synthesis of angiotensin II
- E.
Decreased total peripheral resistance
.JPG "A 56-year-old woman recently diagnosed with hypertension and atrial fibrillation
started a treatment with atenolol, two tablets daily. Which of the following sets of
physiologic changes was most likely after the administration of the drug?")
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