Pharmaceuticals Used in the Treatment of Hypertension Quiz
“Hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL) dilates your blood vessels so you urinate more and your blood pressure decreases.”
“Hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL) decreases the fluid in your bloodstream and this lowers your blood pressure.”
“Hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL) enhances kidney function causing you to urinate more and that decreases your blood pressure.”
“Hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL) increases your heart rate; this pumps blood faster to your kidneys so you urinate more and your blood pressure decreases.”
Reducing blood volume.
Reducing total peripheral resistance.
Reducing cardiac output.
Causing reflex tachycardia.
Minoxidil (Loniten)—angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor
Verapamil (Calan)—direct-acting vasodilator
Metoprolol (Toprol, Lopressor)—alpha-adrenergic receptor blocker
Triamterene (Dyrenium)—potassium-sparing diuretic
Furosemide (Lasix)
Propranolol (Inderal)
Doxazosin (Cardura)
Hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURUL)
Stimulation of the renin-angiotensin system
Blockade of alpha adrenergic receptors
Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system
Stimulation of sodium reabsorption by the kidney
Propranolol (Inderal)—selectively blocks beta1-adrenergic receptors
Doxazosin (Cardura)—blocks alpha2-adrenergic receptors in the brainstem
Methyldopa (Aldomet)—metabolized to a false neurotransimitter in the brainstem
Clonidine (Catapres)—blocks alpha1-adrenergic receptors on blood vessels
Maintaining a diet high in dairy to increase protein necessary to prevent organ damage.
Use of supportive devices such as handrails and walkers to prevent falls stemming from postural hypotension.
Avoiding exercise to prevent injury from postural hypotension.
Increasing fluid intake to prevent dehydration.
Dry mouth
Slow heart rate
Thirst
Hypotension
Administer one-half the prescribed dose.
Withhold the dose and contact the physician.
Administer the dose as directed.
Administer an extra dose of the medication.
Ace inhibitors and beta blockers
Beta blockers and calcium channel blockers
Diuretics and direct vascular dilators
ARBs and adrenergic blockers
Bradycardia
Atrial fibrillation
Tachycardia
Ventricular fibrillation
Aldosterone
Angiotensinogen
Anglotensin II
Insulin
Atenolol
Diltiazem
Amlodipine
Verpamil
Advil
Antacid
Garlic
Motrin
A diuretic
A vasodilator
A calcium channel blocker
An angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor.
Aldosterone
The type 1 angiotensin receptor
Calcium
The type 2 angiotensin receptor.
Bradycardia
Lupus
Severe vasodilation
Abnormal hair growth
Greatly enhances the effectiveness of the drug.
Facilitates the excretion of the drug via the kidneys.
Can cause a rash on the arms and legs.
May increase drug blood levels.
Decrease metabolism.
Decrease blood levels of some drugs.
Interfere with the absorption of some antihypertensives.
Cause a rash on the legs and trunk of the body.
Decrease reabsorption of potassium by the kidneys.
Decrease reabsorption of sodium by the kidneys.
Convert angiotensin I to angiotensinogen.
Convert angiontensinogen to angiotensin I.
Calcium channel blockers
ACE inhibitors
Direct vascular dilators
Central andrenergic agonists
A diuretic and an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB).
A calcium channel blocker and beta blocker.
A diuretic and an ACE inhibitor.
A calcium channel blocker and an ARB.
The aorta has sensors that help regulate blood pressure.
Anger can result in hypertension.
Blood pressures tend to decrease as people age, due to decreased blood volume.
The vasomotor center, located in the limbic system of the brain, helps regulate blood pressure.
BUN level of 20 mg/dl
Potassium level of 2.9 mEq/L
Sodium level of 140 mEq/L
ALT level of 35 units/L
“I have always had problems with my asthma.”
“My father died of a heart attack when he was 48 years-old.”
“I don’t handle stress well; I have a lot of diarrhea.”
“When I have a migraine headache, I need to have the room darkened.”