Basic Immunology And Serology

60 Questions | By Nationalterrie | Updated: Oct 20, 2022 | Attempts: 4889

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Clinical Laboratory Technician, Basic Immunology and Serology Exam. Instructional Materials: Clinical Immunology and Serology, A laboratory Perspective, 3rd Ed. 2009 Christine Dorresteyn Steven, McGraw-Hill Course ID: CL 1110 National American University

Questions and Answers

1.
1. Acute phase reactants have been determined to be elevated in a patient. What does this result on its own indicate about the patient?
- A.
  
  Inflammation of unknown cause is present.
- B.
  
  Patient has a leukemia but not a lymphoma.
- C.
  
  This is a normal result.
- D.
  
  There is a parasitic infection and not a viral infection.
2.
1. Which is characteristic of natural immunity?
- A.
  
  Memory is involved.
- B.
  
  Lymphocytes play a major role.
- C.
  
  It is very specific.
- D.
  
  It depends on normally present body functions.
3.

What is the major function of C-reactive protein (CRP)?
- A.
  
  Acts as an opsonin
- B.
  
  Binds hemoglobin
- C.
  
  Causes vasodilation
- D.
  
  Helps to form clots
4.

Which of the following acute phase reactants is an important clotting factor?
- A.
  
  Haptoglobin
- B.
  
  Ceruloplasmin
- C.
  
  Fibrinogen
- D.
  
  Alpha-2 macroglobulin
5.

In 1796, Edward Jenner's discovery that cowpox generated immunity against smallpox is based on the princple of?
- A.
  
  Attenuation of a harmful substance
- B.
  
  Natural immunity
- C.
  
  Passive immunity
- D.
  
  Cross-immunity
6.

All of the following are characteristics of acute phase reactants EXCEPT:
- A.
  
  Increase rapidly in response to infection
- B.
  
  Used to diagnose a specific disease
- C.
  
  Enhanced phagocytosis
- D.
  
  Promote inflammation
7.

What is the function of the acute phase protein haptoglobin?
- A.
  
  Acts as an opsonin
- B.
  
  Forms clots
- C.
  
  Binds hemoglobin
- D.
  
  Acts as a chemotaxin
8.

Measurement of CRP levels could be useful for which of the following?
- A.
  
  To determine risk of a heart attack
- B.
  
  To determine flare up of rheumatoid arthritis
- C.
  
  To detect an inflammatory process
- D.
  
  All of the above
9.

Acquired immunity can be characterized by which of the following?
- A.
  
  Nonspecific
- B.
  
  Immediate response
- C.
  
  Depends on neutrophils and macrophages
- D.
  
  Involves memory
10.

Which of the following best explains the reaction that takes place in the latex agglutination slide test for CRP?
- A.
  
  Latex particles are coated with anti-CRP
- B.
  
  Latex particles are coated with CRP
- C.
  
  Latex particles are nonspecifically bound
- D.
  
  CRP is acting as an antibody
11.

The ability to resist infection through normally present body functions best characterizes:
- A.
  
  Autoimmunity
- B.
  
  Natural immunity
- C.
  
  Acquired immunity
- D.
  
  Alloimmunity
12.

Antigen-independent differentiation of B cells occurs in the:
- A.
  
  Bone marrow
- B.
  
  Spleen
- C.
  
  Lymph node
- D.
  
  Peyer's patches
13.

When IgM on the surface of an immature B cell binds to a self-antigen, which of the following processes can occur?
- A.
  
  Class switch
- B.
  
  Affinity maturation
- C.
  
  Apoptosis
- D.
  
  Differentiation
14.

The receptor for antigen on a mature B cell and first immunoglobulin to appear in immune response is:
- A.
  
  MHC class I
- B.
  
  IgG
- C.
  
  IgM
- D.
  
  MHC class II
15.

T lymphocytes undergo antigen-independent maturation in the:
- A.
  
  Thymus
- B.
  
  Bone marrow
- C.
  
  Lymph node
- D.
  
  Spleen
16.

An immature T cell differs from a mature T cell because an immature T cell:
- A.
  
  Expresses beta chains and pre Ta
- B.
  
  Does not express T-cell receptor or CD3
- C.
  
  Co-expresses CD4 and CD8
- D.
  
  Is normally found in lymph nodes
17.

In antiboy-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, target cells are recognized by which of the following?
- A.
  
  T-cell receptor on the effector cell binding to Fab of IgG bound to the target cell
- B.
  
  C-type lectin inhibitory receptors on effector cell binding to class I on target cell
- C.
  
  CD16 on the effector cell binding to Fc of IgG to the target cell
- D.
  
  CD154 on the effector cell binding to CD40 on the target cell
18.

Which of the following best descibes HLA class II molecules?
- A.
  
  They interact with CD8 and T cells
- B.
  
  They have an alpha chain and beta-2 microglobulin
- C.
  
  They have alpha and beta chains of equal size
- D.
  
  They combine with antigen made inside the cell
19.

Which of the following is true of HLA (MHC) class I antigens?
- A.
  
  They are recognized by helper T cells.
- B.
  
  They are found on all nucleated cells
- C.
  
  They combine with exogenous antigen
- D.
  
  They are coded for on chromosome 9
20.

Heterophile antigens are characterized as:
- A.
  
  Found in unrelated plants or animals but cross-react with the same antibody
- B.
  
  One's own self-antigens
- C.
  
  Any antigen used for immunization
- D.
  
  All of the above
21.

HLA (MHC) class I protein is found on:
- A.
  
  RBCs
- B.
  
  All nucleated cells
- C.
  
  B cells and macrophages
- D.
  
  Stem cells only
22.

Which MHC class of antigens is necessary for antigen recognition by CD4-positive T-cells?
- A.
  
  Class I
- B.
  
  Class II
- C.
  
  Class III
- D.
  
  No MHC molecule is necessary for antigen recognition
23.

All of the following are characteristics of both MHC class I and class II molecules EXCEPT:
- A.
  
  Expressed codominantly
- B.
  
  Involved in antigen recognition
- C.
  
  Members of the immunoglobulin superfamily
- D.
  
  Expressed constitutively on all nucleated cells
24.

Which complement component is found in both the classic and alternative pathways?
- A.
  
  C1
- B.
  
  C2
- C.
  
  Factor B
- D.
  
  C3
25.

Which of the following can activate the alternative complement pathways?
- A.
  
  IgG
- B.
  
  Mannose-Binding Lectin
- C.
  
  C3b
- D.
  
  C1q