Ruminants Review
A review of ruminants based off of the powerpoint.
- 1.Prehension, mechanical breakdown, and chemical digestion are functions of the digestive system.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 2.Absorption, elimination, and protection are functions of the ____________ system.
- 3.The saliva of ruminants contains enzymes to help start digesting starches.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 4.The contents of the rumen are maintained at about a pH of _______________.
- A.
5.5-6.0
- B.
6.0-6.5
- C.
6.5-7.0
- D.
7.0-7.5
- 5.The pH level in the rumen inhibits microbial growth.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 6.Mature cows produce _______ gallons of saliva per day.
- A.
12
- B.
11
- C.
10
- D.
9
- E.
8
- 7.Sheep produce ______ gallons of saliva per day.
- A.
0
- B.
1
- C.
2
- D.
3
- E.
4
- 8.Cattle spend ___________ hours ruminating each day, broken up into ___________ rumination periods.
- A.
6-8, 5-7
- B.
5-7, 6-8
- C.
3-4, 7-9
- D.
7-9, 3-4
- 9.________________ is the process of forcing the feed back into the mouth for chewing.
- 10.The esophageal groove forms a passageway from the ____________ to the _______________.
- A.
Reticulum, omasum
- B.
Reticulum, abomasum
- C.
Cardia, omasum
- D.
Cardia, abomasum
- E.
Omasum, abomasum
- 11.The esophageal groove allows ingested milk to bypass the rumen.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 12.The rumen acts like a large fermentation vat and accounts for about __________ of the total utilization of the digestible dry matter in the ration.
- A.
10-25%
- B.
40-95%
- C.
50-65%
- D.
60-75%
- E.
50-85%
- 13.Millions of these in the rumen and reticulum digest cellulose, compile starch, synthesize protein, and synthesize vitamins.
- A.
Protozoans
- B.
Bacteria
- C.
Fungi
- 14.Concentrates pass through the rumen quicker than roughages.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 15._______________ line the interior wall of the rumen. They increase the absorption ability of the rumen wall by increasing the surface area.
- 16.What are the main gases produced by the bacterial action in the rumen?
- A.
CO2
- B.
CO3
- C.
CH3
- D.
CH4
- E.
CH2
- 17.What will happen if the gas produced by bacterial action in the rumen is not removed or released?
- A.
The animal will explode.
- B.
The animal will bloat.
- C.
The bacteria will die off.
- D.
The rumen will stop working.
- 18.Which stomach chamber is lined with intersecting ridges that form honeycomb-like projections?
- A.
Reticulum
- B.
Rumen
- C.
Omasum
- D.
Abomasum
- 19.The ___________ grinds and squeezes the feed.
- A.
Reticulum
- B.
Rumen
- C.
Omasum
- D.
Abomasum
- 20.Hardware that is ingested is trapped here and generally does not move further through the digestive system.
- A.
Reticulum
- B.
Rumen
- C.
Omasum
- D.
Abomasum
- 21.The material leaving the omasum is _________ drier than the material entering it.
- A.
50-60%
- B.
60-70%
- C.
70-80%
- D.
80-90%
- E.
90-100%
- 22.Digestion here is much the same as it is in a monogastric animal.
- A.
Reticulum
- B.
Rumen
- C.
Omasum
- D.
Abomasum
- 23.The pH level of the abomasum is ________.
- A.
2.0-2.5
- B.
3.0-3.5
- C.
3.5-4.0
- D.
4.0-4.5
- E.
4.5-5.0
- 24.The feed is very dry as it passes from the abomasum into the small intestine.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 25.Rations for ruminants.
- A.
Low fiber.
- B.
High fiber.
- C.
Based on crude fat.
- D.
Based on crude protein.
- E.
Lower protein quality.
- F.
Higher protein quality.
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