Rock Assessment Level 4

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  • 1/73 Questions

    Igneous rocks that form_____________ the surface are  intrusive.

    • Above
    • Below
    • On
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About This Quiz

Rock Assessment Level 4 explores the properties and formation processes of rocks. It assesses understanding of the rock cycle, types of rocks, and geological phenomena, enhancing learners' comprehension of Earth's dynamic systems.

Rock Assessment Level 4 - Quiz

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  • 2. 
    The figure below shows that the processes involved in the rock cycle include all of the following EXCEPT - ProProfs

    The figure below shows that the processes involved in the rock cycle include all of the following EXCEPT

    • Condensation

    • Erosion

    • Weathering

    • Compaction

    Correct Answer
    A. Condensation
    Explanation
    The rock cycle is a continuous process that involves the transformation of rocks from one type to another over time. It includes processes such as weathering, erosion, and compaction. However, condensation is not a part of the rock cycle. Condensation is the process by which water vapor in the air turns into liquid water, forming clouds and precipitation. While water can play a role in the weathering and erosion of rocks, condensation itself does not directly contribute to the transformation of rocks in the rock cycle.

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  • 3. 
    The rock cycle in the figure below indicates that each type of rock can - ProProfs

    The rock cycle in the figure below indicates that each type of rock can

    • Provide materials that make rocks

    • Form other rocks

    • Be changed by forces at the Earth's surface

    • All the possible answers listed in this question

    Correct Answer
    A. All the possible answers listed in this question
    Explanation
    The rock cycle is a continuous process where rocks are constantly being formed, broken down, and reformed. Each type of rock can provide materials that make rocks, as rocks can be broken down into smaller particles or sediments that can then be compacted and cemented together to form new rocks. Additionally, rocks can form other rocks through processes such as cooling and solidification of magma or the compaction and cementation of sediments. Lastly, rocks can be changed by forces at the Earth's surface, such as weathering and erosion, which break down rocks and reshape them over time. Therefore, all the possible answers listed in this question are correct.

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  • 4. 
    The _____ in the figure blow shows how one rock changes into another. - ProProfs

    The _____ in the figure blow shows how one rock changes into another.

    • Rock cycle

    • Melting process

    • Formation of crystals

    Correct Answer
    A. Rock cycle
    Explanation
    The rock cycle is a continuous process that shows how one type of rock can transform into another over time. It involves various geological processes such as weathering, erosion, deposition, heat, and pressure. These processes can cause rocks to break down, change composition, and eventually form new rocks. The rock cycle is represented in the figure, illustrating the different stages and transformations that rocks undergo.

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  • 5. 
     The figure below shows that sedimentary rocks are changed to sediments by ________________. - ProProfs

     The figure below shows that sedimentary rocks are changed to sediments by ________________.

    • Compaction

    • Weathering and erosion

    • Cementation

    • Heat and pressure

    Correct Answer
    A. Weathering and erosion
    Explanation
    Weathering and erosion are the processes by which sedimentary rocks are broken down into smaller particles and transported to new locations. Weathering refers to the physical and chemical breakdown of rocks, while erosion involves the movement of these weathered particles by wind, water, or ice. Therefore, weathering and erosion are responsible for the transformation of sedimentary rocks into sediments.

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  • 6. 

    Igneous rocks form from ____________ when it cools.

    • Magma

    • Lava

    • Neither magma or lava

    • Both magma and lava

    Correct Answer
    A. Both magma and lava
    Explanation
    Igneous rocks form from both magma and lava when it cools. Magma is molten rock below the Earth's surface, while lava is magma that reaches the Earth's surface. As magma or lava cools, it solidifies and crystallizes, forming igneous rocks. Therefore, both magma and lava are involved in the formation of igneous rocks.

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  • 7. 

    The molten material deep inside Earth from which igneous rocks form is called  __________

    • Magma

    • Lava

    • Neither magma or lava

    • Both magma and lava

    Correct Answer
    A. Magma
    Explanation
    Magma is the correct answer because it refers to the molten material found deep inside the Earth. This molten material eventually cools and solidifies to form igneous rocks. Lava, on the other hand, is magma that has reached the Earth's surface. Therefore, magma is the appropriate term to describe the molten material from which igneous rocks originate.

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  • 8. 

    Foliated rocks are distinguished by ______________

    • Layers

    • Lack of layers

    • Large mineral grains

    • Air holes

    Correct Answer
    A. Layers
    Explanation
    Foliated rocks are distinguished by layers. This means that these rocks have a banded or striped appearance due to the presence of parallel layers or bands of minerals. These layers are formed through the process of metamorphism, where pressure and heat cause the minerals in the rock to align and form distinct layers. This characteristic makes it easier to identify and classify foliated rocks compared to non-foliated rocks, which lack these layers.

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  • 9. 

    Lava that cools quickly forms ____________ rock.

    • Extrusive metamorphic

    • Extrusive igneous

    • Intrusive metamorphic

    • Intrusive igneous

    Correct Answer
    A. Extrusive igneous
    Explanation
    Lava that cools quickly forms extrusive igneous rock. When lava erupts from a volcano and reaches the Earth's surface, it cools rapidly due to exposure to the cooler air or water. This rapid cooling prevents the growth of large crystals, resulting in fine-grained or glassy textures. These characteristics are typical of extrusive igneous rocks, such as basalt or obsidian, which are formed from solidified lava flows or volcanic ash.

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  • 10. 

    All the following conditions in the Earth can cause metamorphic rocks to form except _______________.

    • Exposure to air

    • The presence of hot, watery fluids

    • Heat

    • Pressure

    Correct Answer
    A. Exposure to air
    Explanation
    Metamorphic rocks are formed due to the combination of heat and pressure acting on existing rocks. This process causes the minerals in the rocks to recrystallize and rearrange, resulting in the formation of metamorphic rocks. Exposure to air alone does not cause metamorphic rocks to form. While air may contribute to weathering and erosion, it does not play a direct role in the metamorphic process. Therefore, exposure to air is not a condition that can cause metamorphic rocks to form.

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  • 11. 

    Quartz is a mineral, granite is  __________________.

    • Also a mineral

    • A rock

    • A gem

    • An ore

    Correct Answer
    A. A rock
    Explanation
    Granite is a rock because it is a solid, naturally occurring substance made up of various minerals. Unlike minerals, rocks are composed of multiple minerals and can have a variety of textures and colors. Granite specifically is a type of igneous rock that forms from the slow crystallization of magma deep beneath the Earth's surface. It is commonly used in construction and as a decorative stone due to its durability and attractive appearance.

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  • 12. 

    A classification of metamorphic rocks would include whether they are

    • Chemical or organic

    • Intrusive or extrusive

    • Foliated or nonfoliated

    • Basaltic or granitic

    Correct Answer
    A. Foliated or nonfoliated
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "foliated or nonfoliated." This classification refers to the texture of metamorphic rocks. Foliated rocks have a layered or banded appearance due to the alignment of minerals, while nonfoliated rocks lack this layering. This classification is important because it provides information about the conditions and processes that the rock underwent during metamorphism.

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  • 13. 

    Sedimentary rocks are

    • Formed from magma

    • A type of foliated igneous rock

    • Formed because of changes in temperature and pressure, or the presence of hot watery fluids

    • Formed when loose material become pressed or cemented together or when minerals form from solutions

    Correct Answer
    A. Formed when loose material become pressed or cemented together or when minerals form from solutions
    Explanation
    Sedimentary rocks are formed when loose materials such as sediment, sand, and soil become compacted and cemented together over time. This process occurs through the deposition and accumulation of these materials, followed by the application of pressure and the precipitation of minerals from solutions, such as water. This process can happen in various environments, such as rivers, lakes, oceans, and even deserts. The loose materials undergo lithification, where they become solidified into sedimentary rock through compaction and cementation.

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  • 14. 

    The pressure and heat that produce magma are caused in part by ____________.

    • Gravity

    • Magnetic fields

    • Radioactive elements

    • Lava

    Correct Answer
    A. Radioactive elements
    Explanation
    The pressure and heat that produce magma are caused in part by radioactive elements. Radioactive elements, such as uranium and thorium, decay and release heat as a byproduct. This heat can cause the surrounding rocks to melt and form magma. Additionally, the decay of radioactive elements also generates heat and pressure within the Earth's mantle, contributing to the formation of magma.

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  • 15. 

    Metamorphic rocks can undergo all the following changes EXCEPT

    • An exchange of atoms between minerals

    • Melting

    • The formation of new, bigger minerals

    • The flattening of minerals

    Correct Answer
    A. The formation of new, bigger minerals
    Explanation
    Metamorphic rocks can undergo various changes, such as an exchange of atoms between minerals, melting, and the flattening of minerals. However, the formation of new, bigger minerals is not a change that metamorphic rocks typically undergo.

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  • 16. 

    Detrital rocks are ___________________.

    • Made form broken fragments of other rocks

    • Formed from magma

    • Deposited from solution

    • All the possible answers listed with this question

    Correct Answer
    A. Made form broken fragments of other rocks
    Explanation
    Detrital rocks are formed from broken fragments of other rocks. This process occurs through weathering and erosion, where larger rocks are broken down into smaller pieces called sediments. These sediments then undergo compaction and cementation, resulting in the formation of detrital rocks such as sandstone, shale, and conglomerate. This process is a key part of the rock cycle, where rocks are continuously broken down and reformed.

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  • 17. 

    Fine-grained, extrusive rocks include all of the following EXCEPT

    • Granite

    • Scoria

    • Basalt

    • Pumice

    Correct Answer
    A. Granite
    Explanation
    Fine-grained, extrusive rocks are formed from lava that cools quickly on the Earth's surface. Granite, on the other hand, is a coarse-grained intrusive rock that forms from slow-cooling magma deep within the Earth. Therefore, granite is not included in the category of fine-grained, extrusive rocks.

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  • 18. 

    A rock is always

    • Made of molten material

    • A mixture of minerals, organic matter, volcanic glass, or other materials

    • Formed by heat and pressure

    • Either igneous or sedimentary

    Correct Answer
    A. A mixture of minerals, organic matter, volcanic glass, or other materials
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "a mixture of minerals, organic matter, volcanic glass, or other materials." This answer is correct because rocks can be composed of various materials such as minerals, organic matter, volcanic glass, or a combination of these substances. Rocks are not always made of molten material, as some rocks can be formed through other processes such as sedimentation. Additionally, rocks can be either igneous or sedimentary, further supporting the idea that they are composed of a mixture of different materials.

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  • 19. 

    The crystals that form in slowly cooled magma produce _______ mineral grains.

    • Tiny

    • Invisible

    • Fine-grained

    • Large

    Correct Answer
    A. Large
    Explanation
    The crystals that form in slowly cooled magma have enough time to grow and develop, resulting in larger mineral grains. This is because slower cooling allows for more diffusion of ions and molecules, leading to the formation of larger crystals.

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  • 20. 

    A detrital rock is named accordng to __________.

    • Its age

    • Its location

    • The shape and size of the sediments

    • The color of the sediments

    Correct Answer
    A. The shape and size of the sediments
    Explanation
    A detrital rock is named according to the shape and size of the sediments it contains. This is because the shape and size of the sediments can provide important clues about the processes that formed the rock and the environment in which it was deposited. For example, angular and poorly sorted sediments may indicate a nearby source and rapid deposition, while well-rounded and well-sorted sediments may suggest long-distance transport and slower deposition. Therefore, the shape and size of the sediments are key factors in classifying and identifying detrital rocks.

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  • 21. 

    Changes that take place in rocks never create or destroy __________.

    • Rocks

    • Crystals

    • Matter

    • Minerals

    Correct Answer
    A. Matter
    Explanation
    Changes that take place in rocks may involve physical or chemical processes, such as weathering, erosion, or metamorphism. However, these changes do not create or destroy matter. Matter is conserved in these processes, meaning that the atoms and molecules that make up rocks are rearranged or transformed, but the total amount of matter remains the same. Therefore, the correct answer is "matter."

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  • 22. 

    _____________ would be conisdered a rock.

    • Quartz

    • Mica

    • Granite

    • Any of the possibilities listed in this question

    Correct Answer
    A. Granite
    Explanation
    Granite would be considered a rock because it is a type of igneous rock that is formed from the solidification of molten magma. It is composed mainly of quartz, feldspar, and mica minerals, giving it a granular texture. Granite is widely used in construction and as a decorative stone due to its durability and aesthetic appeal.

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  • 23. 

    Magma from deep inside Earth rises toward the surface because _____________.

    • It is denser than the surrounding solid rock

    • It is less dense than the surrounding solid rock

    • Heat and pressure

    • It has the same density as the surrounding solid rock

    Correct Answer
    A. It is less dense than the surrounding solid rock
    Explanation
    Magma from deep inside Earth rises toward the surface because it is less dense than the surrounding solid rock. Magma is formed from molten rock and is composed of various minerals and gases. As it is less dense than the solid rock surrounding it, it is buoyant and tends to rise towards the surface. This movement is driven by the pressure and heat within the Earth's interior, causing the magma to find pathways and eventually erupt as volcanic activity.

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  • 24. 

    When lava cools at Earth's surface, _______ igneous rocks are formed. 

    • Extrusive

    • Intrusive

    • Detrital

    • Coarse-grained

    Correct Answer
    A. Extrusive
    Explanation
    When lava cools at Earth's surface, extrusive igneous rocks are formed. This is because extrusive rocks are formed from lava that is erupted onto the surface and cools quickly, resulting in small crystals or a glassy texture. In contrast, intrusive igneous rocks are formed when magma cools slowly beneath the Earth's surface, resulting in larger crystals. Detrital rocks are formed from the accumulation of sediment, and coarse-grained is a term used to describe the texture of rocks, not their formation process.

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  • 25. 

    When magma cools deep inside the Earth, __________________ igneous rocks are formed.

    • Extrusive

    • Fine-grained

    • Detrital

    • Intrusive

    Correct Answer
    A. Intrusive
    Explanation
    When magma cools deep inside the Earth, it solidifies slowly, allowing the crystals to grow and develop. This results in the formation of intrusive igneous rocks. These rocks have a coarse-grained texture due to the slow cooling process, which allows for larger mineral crystals to form.

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  • 26. 

    Basaltic igneous rocks are ___________.

    • Light colored

    • Lower in density than granitic rocks

    • Rich in iron and magnesium

    • Silica rich

    Correct Answer
    A. Rich in iron and magnesium
    Explanation
    Basaltic igneous rocks are rich in iron and magnesium. This is because basaltic rocks are formed from the solidification of magma that has a higher content of iron and magnesium compared to other elements. This composition gives basaltic rocks their characteristic dark color and higher density compared to other types of igneous rocks.

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  • 27. 

    Granitic igneous rocks are all of the following EXCEPT

    • Light colored

    • Lower in density than basaltic rocks

    • High in silica content

    • High in iron content

    Correct Answer
    A. High in iron content
    Explanation
    Granitic igneous rocks are not high in iron content. They are typically light colored, lower in density than basaltic rocks, and high in silica content. Iron-rich igneous rocks are referred to as mafic rocks, such as basalt, which are dark colored and higher in density compared to granitic rocks.

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  • 28. 

    An igneous rock can form from _________magma.

    • Basaltic

    • Andesitic

    • Granitic

    • All of the possibilities listed with this question

    Correct Answer
    A. All of the possibilities listed with this question
    Explanation
    An igneous rock can form from any type of magma, including basaltic, andesitic, and granitic magma. The type of magma determines the composition and characteristics of the resulting igneous rock. Basaltic magma forms basalt, which is a dark-colored rock with a fine-grained texture. Andesitic magma forms andesite, which is a medium-colored rock with a medium-grained texture. Granitic magma forms granite, which is a light-colored rock with a coarse-grained texture. Therefore, all of the possibilities listed with this question are correct.

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  • 29. 

    Metamorphic rocks that show layers of dark minerals alternating with layers of light minerals are classified as

    • Nonfoliated

    • Extrusive

    • Foliated

    • Detrital

    Correct Answer
    A. Foliated
    Explanation
    Metamorphic rocks that show layers of dark minerals alternating with layers of light minerals are classified as foliated. This is because foliation refers to the parallel alignment of minerals within a rock, resulting in the formation of distinct layers or bands. In this case, the alternating layers of dark and light minerals indicate the presence of foliation, which is characteristic of certain metamorphic rocks like gneiss or schist. Nonfoliated rocks lack this layered structure, extrusive rocks are formed from volcanic activity, and detrital rocks are composed of fragments of pre-existing rocks.

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  • 30. 

    Metamorphic rocks with a nonfoliated texture show metamorphic change  that involves 

    • Mineral grains arranging into layers

    • Change in the size or shape of the mineral grains

    • Mineral grains dissolving completely under pressure

    • Mineral grains melting

    Correct Answer
    A. Change in the size or shape of the mineral grains
    Explanation
    Metamorphic rocks with a nonfoliated texture do not show mineral grains arranging into layers, dissolving completely under pressure, or melting. Instead, they exhibit a change in the size or shape of the mineral grains. This means that the individual grains within the rock have undergone deformation, either by recrystallization or by the application of pressure and heat, resulting in a new texture without distinct layers.

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  • 31. 

    Sedimentary rocks form because of all the following EXCEPT

    • Sediments becoming pressed or cemented together

    • Crystals solidifying from magma

    • Sediments forming from solution

    • Water evaporating leaving crystals behind

    Correct Answer
    A. Crystals solidifying from magma
    Explanation
    Sedimentary rocks form through the process of sediments becoming pressed or cemented together, sediments forming from solution, and water evaporating leaving crystals behind. However, crystals solidifying from magma is not a process involved in the formation of sedimentary rocks. Magma solidifies to form igneous rocks, not sedimentary rocks.

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  • 32. 

    Sediments in sedimentary rocks are often ____________________.

    • Held together with natural cements

    • Formed when atoms of melted minerals rearrange themselves

    • Formed when lava erupts from a volcano

    • Formed by magma trapped below Earth's surface

    Correct Answer
    A. Held together with natural cements
    Explanation
    Sediments in sedimentary rocks are often held together with natural cements. This means that the individual particles or grains of sediment are bound together by natural substances that act as a glue. These cements can include minerals such as calcite or quartz, which precipitate out of water and fill the spaces between the sediment grains. Over time, these cements harden and solidify, creating a cohesive rock structure. This process is a key characteristic of sedimentary rocks and helps to differentiate them from other types of rocks.

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  • 33. 

    Sanstone is a(n) ______________ sedimentary rock.

    • Chemical

    • Detrital

    • Organic

    • Foliated

    Correct Answer
    A. Detrital
    Explanation
    Sanstone is a detrital sedimentary rock because it is formed from the accumulation and cementation of sediments that have been weathered and transported from pre-existing rocks. These sediments are composed of fragments of minerals, rocks, and organic materials that have been deposited and compacted over time. Unlike chemical sedimentary rocks, which are formed from the precipitation of minerals from solution, or organic sedimentary rocks, which are formed from the accumulation of organic remains, sandstone is primarily made up of detrital particles.

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  • 34. 

    Sedimentary rocks formed from the remains of once living things are ________________.

    • Metamorphic

    • Detrital

    • Organic

    • Chemical

    Correct Answer
    A. Organic
    Explanation
    Sedimentary rocks formed from the remains of once living things are classified as organic. Organic sedimentary rocks, such as coal and limestone, are formed from the accumulation and compaction of plant and animal remains over time. These rocks contain organic materials, such as carbon, and exhibit characteristics that are distinct from other types of sedimentary rocks.

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  • 35. 

    Sedimentary rocks fromed from broken fragments of other rocks are _________________.

    • Chemical

    • Detrital

    • Organic

    • Basaltic

    Correct Answer
    A. Detrital
    Explanation
    Sedimentary rocks formed from broken fragments of other rocks are called detrital. Detrital sedimentary rocks are composed of particles that have been weathered and eroded from pre-existing rocks and then deposited and lithified. These rocks are made up of various sizes and shapes of rock fragments, such as sand, silt, and clay, which are transported and deposited by wind, water, or ice. Detrital sedimentary rocks include sandstone, shale, and conglomerate, among others.

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  • 36. 

    A kind of organic sedimentary rock

    • Marble

    • Slate

    • Limestone

    • Coal

    Correct Answer
    A. Coal
    Explanation
    Coal is a type of organic sedimentary rock that is formed from the remains of plants that lived and died millions of years ago. Over time, the plant material was buried and subjected to heat and pressure, resulting in the formation of coal. It is primarily composed of carbon, along with other elements such as hydrogen, sulfur, and oxygen. Coal is widely used as a fuel source for electricity generation and industrial processes due to its high carbon content and energy density.

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  • 37. 

    A kind of chemical sedimentary rock

    • Marble

    • Slate

    • Limestone

    • Coal

    Correct Answer
    A. Limestone
    Explanation
    Limestone is a type of chemical sedimentary rock formed from the accumulation of the remains of marine organisms such as shells, coral, and algae. Over time, the pressure and heat cause the sediment to harden and form solid rock. Limestone is primarily composed of the mineral calcite and is often used as a building material due to its durability and unique texture. It is also commonly used in the production of cement and as a soil conditioner.

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  • 38. 

    A kind of foliated metamorphic rock

    • Marble

    • Slate

    • Limestone

    • Coal

    Correct Answer
    A. Slate
    Explanation
    Slate is a type of foliated metamorphic rock that is formed from the metamorphism of shale or mudstone. It has a fine-grained texture and is characterized by its ability to split into thin, flat sheets. Slate is commonly used as a roofing material due to its durability and resistance to weathering. It is also used for flooring, blackboards, and billiard tables.

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  • 39. 

    A kind of nonfoliated metamorphic rock

    • Marble

    • Slate

    • Limestone

    • Coal

    Correct Answer
    A. Marble
    Explanation
    Marble is a type of nonfoliated metamorphic rock. Nonfoliated rocks do not have a layered or banded appearance, which is characteristic of foliated rocks like slate and limestone. Coal, on the other hand, is an organic sedimentary rock formed from the remains of plants. Therefore, marble is the correct answer as it is the only option that fits the description of a nonfoliated metamorphic rock.

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  • 40. 

    The process in which a rock is exposed to air, water, or ice and breaks into pieces

    • Compaction

    • Cementation

    • Weathering

    • Erosion

    Correct Answer
    A. Weathering
    Explanation
    Weathering is the correct answer because it refers to the process in which a rock is exposed to air, water, or ice and breaks into pieces. Weathering occurs due to various factors such as temperature changes, pressure, chemical reactions, and biological activity. These factors cause physical and chemical breakdown of rocks, leading to their disintegration and fragmentation. Weathering is an essential step in the overall process of erosion, as it prepares the rock material to be transported and deposited by agents like water, wind, or ice.

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  • 41. 

    The process in which pressure from the upper layers of sediment pushes down on the lower layers, causing the sediments to stick togethjer and form solid rock.

    • Compaction

    • Cementation

    • Weathering

    • Erosion

    Correct Answer
    A. Compaction
    Explanation
    Compaction is the correct answer because it refers to the process of pressure from upper layers of sediment pushing down on lower layers, causing the sediments to stick together and form solid rock. This process involves the squeezing and compacting of sediment particles, reducing the pore spaces between them and increasing their density. Cementation, on the other hand, is the process of minerals precipitating and filling in the pore spaces between sediment particles, further solidifying the rock. Weathering and erosion are not related to the formation of solid rock through pressure and compaction.

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  • 42. 

    The process in which minerals hold sediment together making a detrital sedimentary rock..

    • Compaction

    • Cementation

    • Weathering

    • Erosion

    Correct Answer
    A. Cementation
    Explanation
    Cementation is the correct answer because it is the process in which minerals act as a glue, binding sediment particles together to form a detrital sedimentary rock. During cementation, minerals precipitate out of groundwater and fill the spaces between the sediment grains, creating a solid rock. This process is essential in the formation of sedimentary rocks such as sandstone and conglomerate. Compaction, weathering, and erosion are also important processes in the formation of sedimentary rocks, but they do not specifically refer to the process of minerals binding sediment together.

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  • 43. 

    The movement of weathered material.

    • Compaction

    • Cementation

    • Weathering

    • Erosion

    Correct Answer
    A. Erosion
    Explanation
    Erosion refers to the movement of weathered material, such as rocks, soil, or sediment, from one place to another. It is typically caused by natural forces like wind, water, or ice. These forces can wear away or transport the weathered material, reshaping the landscape over time. Compaction and cementation are processes that occur after erosion, where the sediment is compressed and solidified to form sedimentary rocks. Weathering, on the other hand, refers to the breakdown of rocks into smaller pieces due to various physical or chemical processes.

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  • 44. 

    Sandstone is an example of a ___________________ rock.

    • Sedimentary

    • Igneous

    • Metamorphic

    Correct Answer
    A. Sedimentary
    Explanation
    Sandstone is an example of a sedimentary rock because it is formed from the accumulation and consolidation of sediments, such as sand, over time. Sedimentary rocks are formed through the processes of weathering, erosion, deposition, and lithification. Sandstone is composed mainly of sand-sized grains of mineral, rock, or organic material that have been compacted and cemented together. This process typically occurs in areas such as riverbeds, deserts, or coastal regions where there is a significant amount of sediment deposition.

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  • 45. 

    Granite is an example of a ___________________ rock.

    • Sedimentary

    • Igneous

    • Metamorphic

    Correct Answer
    A. Igneous
    Explanation
    Granite is an example of an igneous rock because it is formed through the cooling and solidification of molten magma or lava. Igneous rocks are classified as either intrusive (formed underground) or extrusive (formed on the Earth's surface). Granite is an intrusive igneous rock that is composed mainly of quartz, feldspar, and mica. It has a coarse-grained texture and is commonly used in construction and as a decorative stone.

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  • 46. 

    Rock salt is an example of a ___________________ rock.

    • Sedimentary

    • Igneous

    • Metamorphic

    Correct Answer
    A. Sedimentary
    Explanation
    Rock salt is an example of a sedimentary rock because it is formed through the process of sedimentation, where dissolved minerals in water are deposited and compacted over time. In the case of rock salt, it is formed from the evaporation of seawater or saline lakes, leaving behind salt deposits. Sedimentary rocks are formed from the accumulation and lithification of sediments, making rock salt a fitting example of this type of rock.

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  • 47. 

    Obidian is an example of a ___________________ rock.

    • Sedimentary

    • Igneous

    • Metamorphic

    Correct Answer
    A. Igneous
    Explanation
    Obsidian is a type of rock that is formed from the rapid cooling of lava. It is a volcanic glass and is classified as an igneous rock. Igneous rocks are formed through the solidification and crystallization of molten material, such as magma or lava. Obsidian is known for its smooth, glassy texture and is typically black or dark in color. It is commonly found in areas with volcanic activity and is often used in jewelry and as a cutting tool due to its sharp edges.

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  • 48. 

    Gneiss is an example of a ___________________ rock.

    • Sedimentary

    • Igneous

    • Metamorphic

    Correct Answer
    A. Metamorphic
    Explanation
    Gneiss is an example of a metamorphic rock because it is formed through the process of metamorphism, which involves the transformation of existing rocks under high temperatures and pressures. Gneiss is characterized by its banded appearance and the presence of minerals such as quartz, feldspar, and mica. This transformation occurs deep within the Earth's crust, resulting in the recrystallization of minerals and the development of distinct layers or bands in the rock.

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  • 49. 

    Slate is an example of a ___________________ rock.

    • Sedimentary

    • Igneous

    • Metamorphic

    Correct Answer
    A. Metamorphic
    Explanation
    Slate is a type of rock that is formed through the process of metamorphism. Metamorphic rocks are formed when existing rocks, such as sedimentary or igneous rocks, undergo intense heat and pressure, causing them to change in composition and structure. In the case of slate, it is formed from the metamorphism of shale or mudstone. This process results in the formation of a fine-grained rock with a characteristic foliated texture, making it an example of a metamorphic rock.

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  • Current Version
  • Sep 15, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
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  • Dec 21, 2011
    Quiz Created by
    James McFadden

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