Rock Cycle Notes Quiz

1. Which series of processes changes rock from one type to another?

Photosynthesis

Deposition

Rock cycle

Water cycle

The rock cycle is a series of processes that continuously change rocks from one type to another. These processes include weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction, and cementation. Through these processes, rocks are broken down, transported, and reformed into new rocks. This cycle helps to recycle and transform rocks over time, allowing for the formation of different types of rocks such as sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic rocks.

Explanation

The rock cycle is a series of processes that continuously change rocks from one type to another. These processes include weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction, and cementation. Through these processes, rocks are broken down, transported, and reformed into new rocks. This cycle helps to recycle and transform rocks over time, allowing for the formation of different types of rocks such as sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic rocks.

2. What are two factors necessary to form metamorphic rock?

Sun and pressure

Heat and pressure

Pressure and lava

Sediments and lava

Metamorphic rocks are formed when existing rocks undergo changes due to intense heat and pressure. Heat causes the minerals in the rocks to recrystallize, while pressure helps to compact and reshape the rock. Therefore, the correct answer is "heat and pressure".

Explanation

Metamorphic rocks are formed when existing rocks undergo changes due to intense heat and pressure. Heat causes the minerals in the rocks to recrystallize, while pressure helps to compact and reshape the rock. Therefore, the correct answer is "heat and pressure".

3. How is igneous rock formed?

Cooling of magma

Compaction and cementation

Heat and pressure

Weathering and erosion

Igneous rock is formed through the cooling of magma. Magma is molten rock that is found beneath the Earth's surface. When magma cools and solidifies, it forms igneous rock. This process can occur either slowly beneath the surface, resulting in intrusive igneous rock, or quickly on the surface, resulting in extrusive igneous rock. The cooling of magma is the primary process responsible for the formation of igneous rock.

Explanation

Igneous rock is formed through the cooling of magma. Magma is molten rock that is found beneath the Earth's surface. When magma cools and solidifies, it forms igneous rock. This process can occur either slowly beneath the surface, resulting in intrusive igneous rock, or quickly on the surface, resulting in extrusive igneous rock. The cooling of magma is the primary process responsible for the formation of igneous rock.

4. True or false; any of the 3 major types of rock can change into one of the other types.

True

False

The statement is true because the three major types of rock, which are igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic, can undergo geological processes that cause them to change into one of the other types. For example, igneous rock can be weathered and eroded to form sediment, which can then be compacted and cemented to become sedimentary rock. Similarly, any type of rock can be subjected to heat and pressure, causing it to undergo metamorphism and transform into metamorphic rock. Therefore, the ability of rocks to change from one type to another is a fundamental concept in geology.

Explanation

The statement is true because the three major types of rock, which are igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic, can undergo geological processes that cause them to change into one of the other types. For example, igneous rock can be weathered and eroded to form sediment, which can then be compacted and cemented to become sedimentary rock. Similarly, any type of rock can be subjected to heat and pressure, causing it to undergo metamorphism and transform into metamorphic rock. Therefore, the ability of rocks to change from one type to another is a fundamental concept in geology.

5. When small pieces of rock are moved from one place to another by wind and water and glaciers it is called ___?

Erosion

Rock flow

Weathering

Cementation

Erosion is the correct answer because it refers to the process of small pieces of rock being moved from one place to another by natural forces such as wind, water, and glaciers. This process involves the transportation of rock fragments and their eventual deposition in a different location. Weathering, on the other hand, refers to the breakdown of rocks into smaller pieces, while cementation refers to the process of binding sedimentary rocks together. Rock flow is not a recognized geological term and does not accurately describe the process described in the question.

Explanation

Erosion is the correct answer because it refers to the process of small pieces of rock being moved from one place to another by natural forces such as wind, water, and glaciers. This process involves the transportation of rock fragments and their eventual deposition in a different location. Weathering, on the other hand, refers to the breakdown of rocks into smaller pieces, while cementation refers to the process of binding sedimentary rocks together. Rock flow is not a recognized geological term and does not accurately describe the process described in the question.