Geology Rock Cycle Quiz

The correct answer is Igneous, metamorphic, sedimentary. This answer lists the three main types of rock correctly. Igneous rocks are formed from the solidification of molten material, metamorphic rocks are formed from the transformation of existing rocks due to heat and pressure, and sedimentary rocks are formed from the accumulation and compaction of sediments.

When molten magma or lava cools and solidifies, it forms igneous rocks. Igneous rocks are formed through the process of crystallization, where the molten material cools and hardens, trapping minerals within it. This process typically occurs beneath the Earth's surface, but can also occur on the surface as lava cools rapidly. Igneous rocks are characterized by their interlocking crystal structure and can be further classified based on their texture and mineral composition. Examples of igneous rocks include granite, basalt, and obsidian.

Sedimentary rocks are formed when loose sediments, such as sand, silt, and clay, are compacted and cemented together over time. This process occurs due to the weight of the overlying layers of sediment, which causes the sediments to become tightly packed and solidify into rock. Limestone and marble are both examples of sedimentary rocks that are formed from the compression of sediment. Pumice, on the other hand, is an igneous rock that forms from volcanic activity and does not involve the compaction of sediments.

Igneous and sedimentary rocks are not changed by extreme pressure and heat, but metamorphic rocks are. Limestone, conglomerate, and granite are all examples of sedimentary and igneous rocks, respectively.

Marble is a rock that is known for its durability and ability to withstand weathering. It is often used for statues because it can withstand exposure to the elements without deteriorating easily. Marble is a metamorphic rock that forms from limestone under intense heat and pressure. Its composition and structure make it resistant to weathering processes such as erosion and chemical weathering. Therefore, marble is the correct answer as it is a rock that can withstand weathering and is commonly used for statues.

Sandstone is sometimes used to make glasses because it is a crumbly and rough rock. Sandstone is composed of sand-sized grains of mineral, rock, or organic material, which gives it its characteristic texture. This texture makes sandstone suitable for grinding and shaping into glassware. Additionally, sandstone is relatively abundant and easily accessible, making it a practical choice for glass production.

Granite is a well-known igneous rock that contains quartz, feldspar, and mica. It is a coarse-grained rock that is commonly used in construction and as a decorative stone. The presence of quartz gives granite its hardness and durability, while feldspar provides its characteristic color and mica adds a shimmering appearance. Granite is widely recognized for its strength, beauty, and versatility, making it a popular choice for countertops, flooring, and monuments.

Slate is a weather-resistant and waterproof rock that is formed by the metamorphosis of shale. Shale is a sedimentary rock composed of clay minerals, and when it undergoes metamorphism, it transforms into slate. Slate has a fine-grained texture and is known for its ability to split into thin, flat sheets. It is commonly used as a roofing material due to its durability and resistance to weathering and water absorption. Therefore, slate is the correct answer.

When pebbles are cemented together, they form a rock called conglomerate. Conglomerate is a sedimentary rock composed of rounded pebbles, which are held together by a matrix of smaller particles or mineral cement. This cementation process occurs over time through pressure and the precipitation of minerals, resulting in a solid and durable rock formation. Therefore, conglomerate is the correct answer for this question.

Halite is another name for rock salt. It is a mineral form of sodium chloride and is commonly found in sedimentary rocks. Halite is often colorless or white, but can also be found in shades of blue, purple, or pink due to impurities. It is commonly used as a seasoning and for de-icing roads.