Quiz For Lecture 3 - Components Of The Adaptive Immune System

  • AP Bio
  • MCAT
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1. B-lymphocytes mature and differentiate in the Thymus.

Explanation

B-lymphocytes mature and differentiate in the bone marrow.

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About This Quiz
Adaptive Immunity Quizzes & Trivia

Quiz to consolidate learning from Lecture 2 - Components of the Innate Immune Sytem. As ever dont worry if you get the wrong answer, simply revisit the Lecture and see if you can improve youre knowledge. Take the quiz as many times as you like. Good luck!

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2. Cell type that is a terminally differentiated B-cell.

Explanation

A Mast Cell is a terminally differentiated Basophil.
A macrophage is a terminally differentiated Monocyte.
The NKC is the only cell type of the lymphoid lineage to belong to the innate immune system.

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3. The most prevalent immunoglobulin in serum, is also a good opsonizer and can cross the placenta.

Explanation

IgG is also a good opsonizer.

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4. The cytokine IL-4, as produced by T-helper T cells acts as a growth factor for B lymphocytes – encourages differentiation into plasma cells.

Explanation

IL-4, produced by T-helper T cells, functions as a growth factor for B lymphocytes and promotes their differentiation into plasma cells. This means that IL-4 stimulates the growth and development of B cells, leading to their transformation into plasma cells, which are responsible for producing antibodies. Therefore, the statement is true.

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5. Immunoglobulin whose levels rise in response to parasitic infections and is described as being a mediator of Type 1 hypersensitivity reactions.

Explanation

IgE also interacts with basophils and mast cells, causing their degranulation and release of inflammatory mediators leading to immediate hypersensitivity (allergic) reactions.

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6. Immunoglobulin class that is resistant to enzymatic breakdown and is found in saliva and breast milk.

Explanation

IgA is also found on mucosal surfaces and is known to activate the Alternative Pathway of the complement system

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7. B-lymphocytes differentiate into mast cells.

Explanation

B-lymphocytes can differentiate into plasma or memory B-cells.

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8. The first immunoglobulin to be produced during an immune response that forms large pentamere structures.

Explanation

IgM is also the main immunoglobulin involved in the activation of the complement system

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9. Cell type which act as antibody factories to give a faster, bigger antibody response to subsequent exposure to the same pathogen.

Explanation

T-lymphocytes don’t produce antibodies at all.
Neutrophils are phagocytes and form part of the innate immune system.
Basophils are implicated in the inflammatory response and form part of the innate immune system.

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10. The cytokine IL-2, as produced by Helper (CD4+) T cells stimulates differentiation of Cytotoxic (CD8+) T-cells, Regulatory T cells, and Natural Killer cells.

Explanation

IL-2, produced by Helper T cells, is a cytokine that plays a crucial role in the immune response. It stimulates the differentiation of various immune cells, including Cytotoxic T cells, Regulatory T cells, and Natural Killer cells. This stimulation is necessary for the immune system to effectively eliminate pathogens and maintain immune homeostasis. Therefore, the statement that IL-2 stimulates the differentiation of these cells is true.

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11. The Adaptive Immune System includes the cells of the myeloid lineage; being granulocytes and agranulocytes.

Explanation

The Adaptive Immune System includes the cells of the lymphoid lineage, being the B & T-lymphocytes, but NOT the Natural Killer Cell (NKC).

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12. Lymphocytes are the effector cells of the Innate immune system.

Explanation

Lymphocytes are one of the effector cells of the Adaptive immune system.

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13. Protein family to which antibody and B –Cell Receptors belong. Are the antigen binding molecules of B-cells.

Explanation

The complement system is a system of blood proteins that form an enzymatic cascade, opsonizing pathogens for phagocytosis.
Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) is a cell surface molecule which mediates interactions of leucocytes.

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14. Each chain in a B-Cell Receptor (BCR) is linked by a Hydrogen bond.

Explanation

Each chain is linked by a disulphide bridge.

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15.
  1. The cytokine IL-10, as produced by T-helper 2 cells inhibits macrophage activation.

Explanation

The Cytotoxic (CD8+) T-cell secretes the cytokine IL-10 which inhibits the action of Natural Killer Cells (NKC).

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16. The Cytotoxic (CD8+) T-cell secretes the cytokine IL-10 which enhances the action of Natural Killer Cells (NKC).

Explanation

The Cytotoxic (CD8+) T-cell secretes the cytokine IL-10 which inhibits the action of Natural Killer Cells (NKC).

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17. T-cells originate in the Thymus as a T cell progenitor (precursor) from which other T cells derive.

Explanation

T-cells originate in the Bone Marrow like all the cells of the immune system, and only migrate to the Thymus to differentiate and mature; hence T (Thymus) lymphocyte.

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18. The cytokine IL-10, as produced by T-helper 2 cells inhibits macrophage activation.

Explanation

The statement is true because IL-10, which is produced by T-helper 2 cells, indeed inhibits macrophage activation. IL-10 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine that plays a crucial role in regulating the immune response. It acts by suppressing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhibiting the activation of macrophages, which are key players in the immune response. By inhibiting macrophage activation, IL-10 helps to control and dampen the immune response, preventing excessive inflammation and tissue damage.

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B-lymphocytes mature and differentiate in the Thymus.
Cell type that is a terminally differentiated B-cell.
The most prevalent immunoglobulin in serum, is also a good opsonizer...
The cytokine IL-4, as produced by T-helper T cells acts as a growth...
Immunoglobulin whose levels rise in response to parasitic infections...
Immunoglobulin class that is resistant to enzymatic breakdown and is...
B-lymphocytes differentiate into mast cells.
The first immunoglobulin to be produced during an immune response that...
Cell type which act as antibody factories to give a faster, bigger...
The cytokine IL-2, as produced by Helper (CD4+) T cells stimulates...
The Adaptive Immune System includes the cells of the myeloid lineage;...
Lymphocytes are the effector cells of the Innate immune system.
Protein family to which antibody and B –Cell Receptors belong....
Each chain in a B-Cell Receptor (BCR) is linked by a Hydrogen bond.
The cytokine IL-10, as produced by T-helper 2 cells inhibits...
The Cytotoxic (CD8+) T-cell secretes the cytokine IL-10 which enhances...
T-cells originate in the Thymus as a T cell progenitor (precursor)...
The cytokine IL-10, as produced by T-helper 2 cells inhibits...
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