Quiz For Lecture 3 - Components Of The Adaptive Immune System

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| By SwanseaGEMStuden

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Quizzes Created: 3 | Total Attempts: 3,781

Questions: 18 | Attempts: 2,187 | Updated: Mar 22, 2023

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Quiz to consolidate learning from Lecture 2 - Components of the Innate Immune Sytem. As ever dont worry if you get the wrong answer, simply revisit the Lecture and see if you can improve youre knowledge. Take the quiz as many times as you like. Good luck!

Questions and Answers

1.

The Adaptive Immune System includes the cells of the myeloid lineage; being granulocytes and agranulocytes.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
The Adaptive Immune System includes the cells of the lymphoid lineage, being the B & T-lymphocytes, but NOT the Natural Killer Cell (NKC).

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2.

Immunoglobulin whose levels rise in response to parasitic infections and is described as being a mediator of Type 1 hypersensitivity reactions.
- A.
  
  IgA
- B.
  
  IgE
- C.
  
  IgG
- D.
  
  IgM
Correct Answer
B. IgE

Explanation
IgE also interacts with basophils and mast cells, causing their degranulation and release of inflammatory mediators leading to immediate hypersensitivity (allergic) reactions.

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3.

The Cytotoxic (CD8⁺) T-cell secretes the cytokine IL-10 which enhances the action of Natural Killer Cells (NKC).
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
The Cytotoxic (CD8+) T-cell secretes the cytokine IL-10 which inhibits the action of Natural Killer Cells (NKC).

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4.

Protein family to which antibody and B –Cell Receptors belong. Are the antigen binding molecules of B-cells.
- A.
  
  The complement system
- B.
  
  Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)
- C.
  
  Immunoglobulin
Correct Answer
C. Immunoglobulin

Explanation
The complement system is a system of blood proteins that form an enzymatic cascade, opsonizing pathogens for phagocytosis.
Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) is a cell surface molecule which mediates interactions of leucocytes.

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5.

The first immunoglobulin to be produced during an immune response that forms large pentamere structures.
- A.
  
  IgA
- B.
  
  IgE
- C.
  
  IgG
- D.
  
  IgM
Correct Answer
D. IgM

Explanation
IgM is also the main immunoglobulin involved in the activation of the complement system

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6.

The cytokine IL-2, as produced by Helper (CD4⁺) T cells stimulates differentiation of Cytotoxic (CD8⁺) T-cells, Regulatory T cells, and Natural Killer cells.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
IL-2, produced by Helper T cells, is a cytokine that plays a crucial role in the immune response. It stimulates the differentiation of various immune cells, including Cytotoxic T cells, Regulatory T cells, and Natural Killer cells. This stimulation is necessary for the immune system to effectively eliminate pathogens and maintain immune homeostasis. Therefore, the statement that IL-2 stimulates the differentiation of these cells is true.

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7.
1. The cytokine IL-10, as produced by T-helper 2 cells inhibits macrophage activation.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
The Cytotoxic (CD8+) T-cell secretes the cytokine IL-10 which inhibits the action of Natural Killer Cells (NKC).

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8.

Lymphocytes are the effector cells of the Innate immune system.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
Lymphocytes are one of the effector cells of the Adaptive immune system.

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9.

Each chain in a B-Cell Receptor (BCR) is linked by a Hydrogen bond.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
Each chain is linked by a disulphide bridge.

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10.

Immunoglobulin class that is resistant to enzymatic breakdown and is found in saliva and breast milk.
- A.
  
  IgA
- B.
  
  IgE
- C.
  
  IgG
- D.
  
  IgM
Correct Answer
A. IgA

Explanation
IgA is also found on mucosal surfaces and is known to activate the Alternative Pathway of the complement system

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11.

The cytokine IL-10, as produced by T-helper 2 cells inhibits macrophage activation.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
The statement is true because IL-10, which is produced by T-helper 2 cells, indeed inhibits macrophage activation. IL-10 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine that plays a crucial role in regulating the immune response. It acts by suppressing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhibiting the activation of macrophages, which are key players in the immune response. By inhibiting macrophage activation, IL-10 helps to control and dampen the immune response, preventing excessive inflammation and tissue damage.

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12.

T-cells originate in the Thymus as a T cell progenitor (precursor) from which other T cells derive.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
T-cells originate in the Bone Marrow like all the cells of the immune system, and only migrate to the Thymus to differentiate and mature; hence T (Thymus) lymphocyte.

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13.

B-lymphocytes differentiate into mast cells.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
B-lymphocytes can differentiate into plasma or memory B-cells.

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14.

The most prevalent immunoglobulin in serum, is also a good opsonizer and can cross the placenta.
- A.
  
  IgA
- B.
  
  IgE
- C.
  
  IgG
- D.
  
  IgM
Correct Answer
C. IgG

Explanation
IgG is also a good opsonizer.

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15.

Cell type which act as antibody factories to give a faster, bigger antibody response to subsequent exposure to the same pathogen.
- A.
  
  T-lymphocytes
- B.
  
  Plasma cells
- C.
  
  Neutrophils
- D.
  
  Basophils
Correct Answer
B. Plasma cells

Explanation
T-lymphocytes don’t produce antibodies at all.
Neutrophils are phagocytes and form part of the innate immune system.
Basophils are implicated in the inflammatory response and form part of the innate immune system.

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16.

The cytokine IL-4, as produced by T-helper T cells acts as a growth factor for B lymphocytes – encourages differentiation into plasma cells.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
IL-4, produced by T-helper T cells, functions as a growth factor for B lymphocytes and promotes their differentiation into plasma cells. This means that IL-4 stimulates the growth and development of B cells, leading to their transformation into plasma cells, which are responsible for producing antibodies. Therefore, the statement is true.

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17.

B-lymphocytes mature and differentiate in the Thymus.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
B-lymphocytes mature and differentiate in the bone marrow.

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18.

Cell type that is a terminally differentiated B-cell.
- A.
  
  Mast Cell
- B.
  
  Plasma Cell
- C.
  
  Macrophage
- D.
  
  Natural Killer Cell
Correct Answer
B. Plasma Cell

Explanation
A Mast Cell is a terminally differentiated Basophil.
A macrophage is a terminally differentiated Monocyte.
The NKC is the only cell type of the lymphoid lineage to belong to the innate immune system.

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Current Version
Mar 22, 2023

Quiz Edited by
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Dec 01, 2011

Quiz Created by
SwanseaGEMStuden

Quiz For Lecture 3 - Components Of The Adaptive Immune System

The Adaptive Immune System includes the cells of the myeloid lineage; being granulocytes and agranulocytes.

Immunoglobulin whose levels rise in response to parasitic infections and is described as being a mediator of Type 1 hypersensitivity reactions.

The Cytotoxic (CD8+) T-cell secretes the cytokine IL-10 which enhances the action of Natural Killer Cells (NKC).

Protein family to which antibody and B –Cell Receptors belong. Are the antigen binding molecules of B-cells.

The first immunoglobulin to be produced during an immune response that forms large pentamere structures.

The cytokine IL-2, as produced by Helper (CD4+) T cells stimulates differentiation of Cytotoxic (CD8+) T-cells, Regulatory T cells, and Natural Killer cells.

The cytokine IL-10, as produced by T-helper 2 cells inhibits macrophage activation.

Lymphocytes are the effector cells of the Innate immune system.

Each chain in a B-Cell Receptor (BCR) is linked by a Hydrogen bond.

Immunoglobulin class that is resistant to enzymatic breakdown and is found in saliva and breast milk.

The cytokine IL-10, as produced by T-helper 2 cells inhibits macrophage activation.

T-cells originate in the Thymus as a T cell progenitor (precursor) from which other T cells derive.

B-lymphocytes differentiate into mast cells.

The most prevalent immunoglobulin in serum, is also a good opsonizer and can cross the placenta.

Cell type which act as antibody factories to give a faster, bigger antibody response to subsequent exposure to the same pathogen.

The cytokine IL-4, as produced by T-helper T cells acts as a growth factor for B lymphocytes – encourages differentiation into plasma cells.

B-lymphocytes mature and differentiate in the Thymus.

Cell type that is a terminally differentiated B-cell.

The Cytotoxic (CD8⁺) T-cell secretes the cytokine IL-10 which enhances the action of Natural Killer Cells (NKC).

The cytokine IL-2, as produced by Helper (CD4⁺) T cells stimulates differentiation of Cytotoxic (CD8⁺) T-cells, Regulatory T cells, and Natural Killer cells.