Psychology Final Exam

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Psychology Final Exam

A complex behavior that has a fixed pattern throughout a species and is unlearned.

Division of the nervous system that arouses the body in times of stress. If something alarms you, this nervous system will accelerate your heartbeat, blood pressure, etc, getting you ready for action.

Order Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs from least to greatest:

A need or desire that energizes and directs behavior.

A person's characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling and acting.

A balanced internal state.

Traits peculiar to an individual.

Division of the nervous system that calms the body by conserving energy, decreasing your heartbeat, lowering blood pressure, blood sugar, etc.

______ theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts. This psychologist established it during the Victorian era.

In psychology, the social _______ effect refers to the tendency for individuals to perform better on simple or well-rehearsed tasks when in the presence of others.

Entails being imaginative, independent, and preferring variety.

Unconscious energy that cares nothing about the outside world. It only wants to satisfy basic drives to survive, reproduce, and aggress. It operates on the pleasure principle, meaning it seeks instant gratification. It is considered the "devil" of personality.

When we overestimate the influence of personality and underestimate the influence of situations.

The idea that a physiological need creates an aroused tension state (drive) that motives organisms to satisfy those needs.

Stronger responses on simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of others. When an athlete does more well in a sport because he believes people are “watching” him.

When one retreats to a more infantile stage, where some psychic energy remains fixated. A little boy sucks on his thumb for oral comfort because it’s the first day of school.

The conscious "exectutive" of personality that mediates between the id and the superego. Allows us to do what's appropriate in the real world. It is considered the "mediator".

When we ___________________ or when we are unable to control our environment, we become more susceptible to _______. Workers with more stressful jobs will usually die more often and quicker than those who don’t. The more control workers have, the ____________.

Patterns of thoughts, feelings, or action that are deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional.

When people put less effort into things because they are working in a group. When a group of people are hosting a carwash and one person just watches others do the work while he stands there doing nothing.

Switching unacceptable impulses into their opposites. Holding back angry feelings or someone being exaggeratingly friendly.

In women who experienced ________ after caregiving for children with disorders, studies found that their telomeres ________. So stress causes telomeres to shorten, which may be why stressed people always look ______ than they actually are.

Helps us name and describe psychological disorders using a 5 axis criteria.

The tendency for any given bystander to be less likely to give aid to someone if other bystanders are around as well.

Therapy that prescribes medication or procedures that act directly on a person's physiology.

A mood disorder in which a person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania.

Stress hormones _________ the amount of disease-fighting lymphocytes you have. Stress ________ energy from your immune system and sends it to your muscles and brain. This makes you _____ susceptible to disease.

Being organized, careful, and disciplined.

Focuses on how we should behave and provides standards for judgment. It often conflicts with the id. It is known as the "angel" of personality.

The study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another.

Biological, psychological, and social factors interact together to create a psychological disorder. Nature and nurture plays a role in creating disorders. Negative emotions contribute to physical illness, and physical illness contributes to negative emotions. Our body and mind are intertwined.

An anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts and/or actions.

Drugs used to treat schizophrenia and other forms of severe thought disorders.

Freud’s therapeutic technique, in which he believed the patient’s free associations, resistances, dreams and transferences – and the therapist’s interpretations of them – released previously repressed feelings, allowing the patient to gain self-insight.

Shifting sexual or aggressive impulses toward a more acceptable or less threatening object or person. A girl kicks the family dog after her mother sends her to her room.

Being anxious, insecure, self-pitying, and emotionally unstable.

From Solomon Asch's Experiment: More than _______ of the time, people are willing to ______ with a group’s standard (give into social pressures) if their answer _______ match that of a group’s, but they still know they’re right.

Disguising one’s own threatening impulses by attributing them onto others. The thief thinks everyone else is a thief.

An anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable, minutes-long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking or other frightening sensations.

An antianxiety drug that depresses central nervous system anxiety.

Behavioral techniques that attempt to treat anxiety by exposing people to what they would normally escape or avoid.

Anxiety disorders in which an irrational fear causes the person to avoid some object, activity, or situation.

Result of Stanley Milgram’s study on obedience: More than ___ of men aged 20 to 50 complied fully – right up the last 450 volt switch. And ____ of adult males complied to a later experiment in which the learner had a heart condition. Women obeyed at the ______ as men.

Being sociable, friendly, and affectionate.

An anxiety disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jump anxiety, and/or insomnia that lingers for four weeks or more after a traumatic experience.

A behavior therapy procedure that uses classical condition to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors. Conditioning someone to relax (new response) to being in a closed elevator (triggering unwanted behaviors).

How is depression treated using drugs?

Why Milgram’s study was conducted: to see whether or not people would respond to outright _________ from someone else, even if those commands caused unnecessary pain to others. People are more likely to ____ someone if they are seen as an ______ figure.

Being soft-hearted, trusting and helpful.

When we _______________ or when we are unable to control our environment, we become more susceptible to _. Workers with more stressful jobs will usually die more often and quicker than those who don’t. The more control workers have, the __________.

In women who experienced __ after caregiving for children with disorders, studies found that their telomeres . So stress causes telomeres to shorten, which may be why stressed people always look than they actually are.

Stress hormones _____ the amount of disease-fighting lymphocytes you have. Stress energy from your immune system and sends it to your muscles and brain. This makes you _ susceptible to disease.

From Solomon Asch's Experiment: More than _ of the time, people are willing to with a group’s standard (give into social pressures) if their answer ___ match that of a group’s, but they still know they’re right.

Result of Stanley Milgram’s study on obedience: More than _ of men aged 20 to 50 complied fully – right up the last 450 volt switch. And of adult males complied to a later experiment in which the learner had a heart condition. Women obeyed at the ____ as men.

Why Milgram’s study was conducted: to see whether or not people would respond to outright ___ from someone else, even if those commands caused unnecessary pain to others. People are more likely to someone if they are seen as an figure.