Psychology Practice Exam: MCQ Quiz

Rogers believed that in order to become a fully functioning person and reach our highest potential, we must live in a state of congruence where our ideal self is aligned with our behavior. This means that our actions and behaviors should be consistent with our true beliefs and values. By being congruent, we are able to live authentically and experience personal growth and self-actualization. Therefore, the statement "Rogers was concerned with becoming a fully functioning person" is true.

The physiological needs in Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs are the basic physical needs that humans require for survival, such as air, water, food, shelter, sleep, and sex. These needs are fundamental and must be met before an individual can move on to fulfilling higher-level needs. Therefore, the statement "Physiological needs in Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs refer to air, water, food, shelter, sleep, sex, and other physical needs humans have" is true.

Jung was the founder of Analytical Psychology. He developed this psychological theory and approach as a way to explore the depths of the human psyche and understand the various layers of the unconscious mind. Jung believed in the importance of individuation and the integration of the conscious and unconscious aspects of the self. His work on archetypes, the collective unconscious, and the process of individuation has had a significant impact on the field of psychology.

Freud is known as the Father of Psychoanalysis because he was the founder of the psychoanalytic theory and therapy. He developed groundbreaking ideas about the unconscious mind, the role of sexuality in human behavior, and the importance of early childhood experiences. Freud's work revolutionized the field of psychology and had a lasting impact on the understanding and treatment of mental disorders. His theories continue to be influential in various areas of psychology and have shaped the way we think about the human mind.

The theory of Multiple Intelligence, created by Gardner, identifies different ways in which individuals are smart or learn. According to this theory, intelligence is not limited to a single measure, such as IQ, but encompasses a range of abilities including linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, musical, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalistic intelligence. This theory suggests that individuals have unique strengths and weaknesses in these different areas, and that traditional measures of intelligence may not fully capture an individual's true abilities.

The word "conditioning" refers to the process of training or shaping behavior through repeated experiences or stimuli. Similarly, the word "learning" also involves acquiring knowledge or skills through experience or study. Therefore, the word "learning" can be used as a suitable replacement for the word "conditioning" in this context.

Jung's self-actualized individual possesses several characteristics. They are open to new experiences, meaning they are willing to explore and embrace unfamiliar situations. They also have no preconceptions or prejudgment, indicating that they approach situations with an open mind and without bias. They trust their feelings or gut instincts, relying on their intuition to guide their decisions. They are also creative thinkers or risk-takers, demonstrating a willingness to think outside the box and take calculated risks. Lastly, they actively seek new experiences and challenges, never settling for the status quo.

The behavioral approach suggests that humans are like blank slates, meaning that we are born without any innate knowledge or predispositions. Instead, our behavior is shaped and influenced by our environment and experiences. This theory also emphasizes that we can be taught or conditioned to behave in a certain way, similar to how animals can be trained.

Piaget believed that cognitive development occurs through a combination of maturation and environmental experiences. Maturation refers to the natural biological changes that happen as a child grows older, which influence their cognitive abilities. Environmental experiences, on the other hand, include interactions with the physical and social environment, such as playing, exploring, and learning from others. These experiences provide the necessary stimuli for cognitive development to take place, and the combination of both maturation and environmental experiences leads to the reorganization and advancement of mental processes.

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs is a theory that explains the different levels of human needs. The first level is Physiological Needs, which includes basic necessities like food, water, and shelter. The second level is Safety and Security Needs, which refers to the need for physical safety, stability, and protection. The third level is Love and Belonging, which involves the need for social connections, relationships, and a sense of belonging. The fourth level is Self Esteem, which pertains to the need for self-worth, recognition, and respect from others. The final level is Self Actualization, which represents the need for personal growth, fulfillment, and reaching one's full potential.