Protein Synthesis Review Quiz

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  • 1/10 Questions

    The decoding of mRNA into a protein is called what?Word Bank: transcription, translation, natural selection, or mutation

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Protein Synthesis Review Quiz - Quiz
About This Quiz

The 'Protein Synthesis Review Quiz' assesses key concepts in genetics, focusing on RNA transcription, mRNA, and protein synthesis. It evaluates understanding through questions on molecular processes and terminology, essential for learners in biology and related fields.

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  • 2. 

    In RNA, adenine bonds with uracil.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    RNA, or ribonucleic acid, is a nucleic acid that is responsible for carrying genetic information in certain organisms. Adenine is one of the four nucleotide bases found in RNA, and it forms a complementary base pair with uracil. This means that in RNA, adenine always pairs with uracil, similar to how adenine pairs with thymine in DNA. Therefore, the statement that adenine bonds with uracil in RNA is true.

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  • 3. 

    What is transcription?

    • the synthesis of mRNA from a DNA template.

    • When mRNA is synthesized by the proteins to tRNA

    • When the ribosomes use the genetic information to make proteins

    Correct Answer
    A. the synthesis of mRNA from a DNA template.
    Explanation
    Transcription is the process in which mRNA is synthesized from a DNA template. This involves the enzyme RNA polymerase binding to the DNA and synthesizing a complementary mRNA molecule. This mRNA molecule carries the genetic information from the DNA and is later used by ribosomes to produce proteins through translation.

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  • 4. 

    What is another name for protein?Word Bank: monosaccharide, polypeptide, genetic material, nucleotide

    Correct Answer
    polypeptide
    Explanation
    Protein is another name for polypeptide. A polypeptide is a chain of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds. Proteins are essential macromolecules that perform various functions in living organisms, such as providing structure, facilitating chemical reactions, and serving as enzymes or antibodies.

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  • 5. 

    What is a 3-nucleotide code on mRNA called?

    Correct Answer
    codon
    Explanation
    A 3-nucleotide code on mRNA is called a codon. This sequence of three nucleotides determines the specific amino acid that will be incorporated into a growing polypeptide chain during protein synthesis. Each codon corresponds to a specific amino acid or a stop signal, allowing for the accurate translation of the genetic information encoded in the DNA into proteins.

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  • 6. 
    What is the stage of protein synthesis shown in the image?Word Bank: transcription, translation, gene flow, mutation - ProProfs

    What is the stage of protein synthesis shown in the image?Word Bank: transcription, translation, gene flow, mutation

    Correct Answer
    transcription
    Explanation
    The correct answer is transcription. Transcription is the process in which the information stored in DNA is converted into RNA. It involves the synthesis of a complementary RNA strand using one strand of the DNA molecule as a template. In the image, it is likely that the process of transcription is being depicted, as it is the stage of protein synthesis where RNA is being produced.

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  • 7. 

    What are proteins made of?

    Correct Answer
    amino acids
    Explanation
    Proteins are composed of amino acids. Amino acids are organic compounds that contain an amino group (-NH2) and a carboxyl group (-COOH). These building blocks are linked together by peptide bonds to form long chains called polypeptides, which then fold into complex three-dimensional structures to create proteins. Each protein has a unique sequence and arrangement of amino acids, which determines its specific function in the body.

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  • 8. 

    Transcribe the following DNA strand. (no spaces,add slashes, like below)AAC/TTA/AAA/GGC

    Correct Answer
    uug/aau/uuu/ccg
    UUG/AAU/UUU/CCG
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "uug/aau/uuu/ccg, UUG/AAU/UUU/CCG". The question asks for the transcription of the given DNA strand, which involves converting the DNA sequence into its complementary RNA sequence. In DNA, the nucleotide A pairs with T, while in RNA, A pairs with U. Similarly, T pairs with A in DNA, but in RNA, T is replaced with U. Therefore, the correct transcription of the DNA strand "AAC/TTA/AAA/GGC" is "uug/aau/uuu/ccg" in lowercase and "UUG/AAU/UUU/CCG" in uppercase.

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  • 9. 

    How is RNA different from DNA?

    • Has double helix

    • Has single strand

    • Is loacted in nucleus

    • Is located in and out of nucleus

    • Has guanine

    • Has uracil

    • Has thymine

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Has single strand
    A. Is located in and out of nucleus
    A. Has uracil
    Explanation
    RNA is different from DNA in several ways. Firstly, RNA has a single strand, while DNA has a double helix structure. Additionally, RNA is located both inside and outside of the nucleus, whereas DNA is primarily located in the nucleus. Another difference is that RNA contains the nitrogenous base uracil, while DNA contains thymine. These variations in structure and composition make RNA distinct from DNA.

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  • 10. 

    Where does protein synthesis take place?

    Correct Answer(s)
    ribosome
    Explanation
    Protein synthesis takes place in the ribosome. Ribosomes are cellular structures responsible for assembling amino acids into proteins. They are found in the cytoplasm of cells and also attached to the endoplasmic reticulum. Ribosomes read the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA) and use it to synthesize proteins through a process called translation. During translation, the ribosome reads the mRNA codons and matches them with specific transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules carrying amino acids. The ribosome then links the amino acids together to form a protein chain. Therefore, the correct answer is ribosome.

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  • Current Version
  • Apr 14, 2025
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Dec 11, 2017
    Quiz Created by
    Bingmanl
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