Unit 3 Target 2 (Part 2): mRNA, Trna, Rrna

1. RRNA makes proteins at the ribosome. What does rRNA stand for?

Regular RNA

Responsible RNA

Rebuilding RNA

Ribosomal RNA

rRNA stands for ribosomal RNA. Ribosomal RNA is a type of RNA that is found in the ribosome, which is responsible for protein synthesis. It plays a crucial role in the process of translation, where the information from messenger RNA (mRNA) is used to build proteins. Without ribosomal RNA, the ribosome would not be able to function properly and proteins would not be synthesized correctly. Therefore, ribosomal RNA is essential for the production of proteins in cells.

Explanation

rRNA stands for ribosomal RNA. Ribosomal RNA is a type of RNA that is found in the ribosome, which is responsible for protein synthesis. It plays a crucial role in the process of translation, where the information from messenger RNA (mRNA) is used to build proteins. Without ribosomal RNA, the ribosome would not be able to function properly and proteins would not be synthesized correctly. Therefore, ribosomal RNA is essential for the production of proteins in cells.

2. The function of tRNA is to

Synthesize DNA.

Synthesize mRNA.

Form ribosomes.

Decode mRNA into amino acids.

tRNA, or transfer RNA, plays a crucial role in protein synthesis. It acts as a bridge between mRNA and amino acids during translation. tRNA molecules have an anticodon sequence that is complementary to the codon sequence on mRNA. This allows tRNA to recognize and bind to specific codons on mRNA, bringing the corresponding amino acid to the growing polypeptide chain. Therefore, tRNA helps to decode the genetic information carried by mRNA into the correct sequence of amino acids, ultimately determining the structure and function of proteins.

Explanation

tRNA, or transfer RNA, plays a crucial role in protein synthesis. It acts as a bridge between mRNA and amino acids during translation. tRNA molecules have an anticodon sequence that is complementary to the codon sequence on mRNA. This allows tRNA to recognize and bind to specific codons on mRNA, bringing the corresponding amino acid to the growing polypeptide chain. Therefore, tRNA helps to decode the genetic information carried by mRNA into the correct sequence of amino acids, ultimately determining the structure and function of proteins.

3. The function of mRNA is to

Copy DNA.

Synthesize mRNA.

Form ribosomes.

Transfer amino acids to ribosomes.

The function of mRNA is to copy DNA. mRNA, or messenger RNA, is a molecule that carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes in the cell. It acts as a template for protein synthesis by transcribing the genetic code from DNA and carrying it to the ribosomes, where it is translated into a specific sequence of amino acids. This process of copying the genetic information from DNA to mRNA is known as transcription. Therefore, the correct answer is "copy DNA."

Explanation

The function of mRNA is to copy DNA. mRNA, or messenger RNA, is a molecule that carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes in the cell. It acts as a template for protein synthesis by transcribing the genetic code from DNA and carrying it to the ribosomes, where it is translated into a specific sequence of amino acids. This process of copying the genetic information from DNA to mRNA is known as transcription. Therefore, the correct answer is "copy DNA."

4. Which of the following types of RNA carries instructions for making proteins?

MRNA

TRNA

RRNA

All of the above

mRNA, or messenger RNA, carries the instructions from DNA to the ribosomes, where proteins are synthesized. It acts as a template for protein synthesis, carrying the genetic information needed to determine the sequence of amino acids in a protein. tRNA, or transfer RNA, carries amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis. rRNA, or ribosomal RNA, is a component of the ribosomes, where proteins are assembled. Therefore, all of the above types of RNA carry instructions for making proteins.

Explanation

mRNA, or messenger RNA, carries the instructions from DNA to the ribosomes, where proteins are synthesized. It acts as a template for protein synthesis, carrying the genetic information needed to determine the sequence of amino acids in a protein. tRNA, or transfer RNA, carries amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis. rRNA, or ribosomal RNA, is a component of the ribosomes, where proteins are assembled. Therefore, all of the above types of RNA carry instructions for making proteins.

5. The function of rRNA is to

Synthesize DNA.

Make proteins.

Form ribosomes.

Transfer amino acids to ribosomes.

rRNA, or ribosomal RNA, is a type of RNA that is a crucial component of ribosomes, the cellular structures responsible for protein synthesis. Ribosomes are composed of both protein and rRNA molecules, and they serve as the site where proteins are made. Therefore, the function of rRNA is to make proteins by aiding in the assembly of ribosomes and facilitating the process of protein synthesis.

Explanation

rRNA, or ribosomal RNA, is a type of RNA that is a crucial component of ribosomes, the cellular structures responsible for protein synthesis. Ribosomes are composed of both protein and rRNA molecules, and they serve as the site where proteins are made. Therefore, the function of rRNA is to make proteins by aiding in the assembly of ribosomes and facilitating the process of protein synthesis.