The other end of each tRNA contains...

three complementary nucleotides

DNA, RNA, And Protein Synthesis

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| Written by Ofsilvre

Ofsilvre

Community Contributor

Quizzes Created: 1 | Total Attempts: 1,420

Questions: 13 | Attempts: 1,420 | Updated: Mar 21, 2023

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The objective of this quiz is to test your knowledge on DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis; however, this quiz will also work as a study guide seeing as the correct answers will be given after each submitted answer.

Questions and Answers

1.

A gene is a segment of DNA that islocated on a chromosome.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
A gene is indeed a segment of DNA that is located on a chromosome. Genes contain the instructions for building and functioning of living organisms. They determine the traits and characteristics of an individual, such as eye color or height. Genes are passed down from parents to offspring and play a critical role in the inheritance of traits.

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2.

A gene codes for a recessive character.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
A gene codes for a HEREDITARY CHARACTER.

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3.

A dna acts as a template for RNA synthesization during ________.

Correct Answer
transcription

Explanation
During transcription, the DNA molecule serves as a template for the synthesis of RNA. This process involves the enzyme RNA polymerase binding to a specific region of the DNA called the promoter. The RNA polymerase then moves along the DNA strand, unwinding it and synthesizing a complementary RNA molecule. This RNA molecule is an exact copy of one of the DNA strands and carries the genetic information from the DNA to the ribosomes, where it is used as a template for protein synthesis.

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4.

The other end of each tRNA contains...
- A.
  
  proteins
- B.
  
  the anticodon
- C.
  
  two chromosomes
- D.
  
  three complementary nucleotides
Correct Answer(s)
B. the anticodon
D. three complementary nucleotides

Explanation
The other end of each tRNA contains the anticodon, which is a sequence of three nucleotides that is complementary to a specific codon on the mRNA. This allows the tRNA to recognize and bind to the correct codon during protein synthesis. Therefore, the correct answer is the anticodon and three complementary nucleotides.

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5.

What are the functions of the mRNA, the rRNA, and the tRNA? Compare and contrast the difference in functions between the three.
6.

What's being shown in the animation above? (Click 2)
- A.
  
  Translation
- B.
  
  Chromosome synthesis
- C.
  
  Transcription
- D.
  
  DNA replication
Correct Answer(s)
A. Translation
C. Transcription

Explanation
The animation is showing the process of both translation and transcription. Translation is the process where the information in mRNA is used to synthesize proteins, while transcription is the process where DNA is used as a template to create mRNA. Both processes are essential for protein synthesis in cells.

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7.

What is the function of a termination signal?
8.

Fill in the 5 red blanks (circles).
9.

Complete the base sequence of the base pairs (which is the correct sequence?). ACAGTGC
- A.
  
  CACUGUA
- B.
  
  UGUCACG
- C.
  
  GUGACAU
- D.
  
  TGTCACG
Correct Answer
B. UGUCACG

Explanation
The correct answer is UGUCACG because it complements the given base sequence ACAGTGC. In DNA, the base pairs are always paired in a specific way: A with T and C with G. Therefore, the complementary sequence for ACAGTGC would be TGTCACG.

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10.

What roles do both DNA replication and genetic codes play in mutation?
11.

The human genome is of such a grand size that it would take ____ years for a person to read all of the sequences out loud.
- A.
  
  2
- B.
  
  5
- C.
  
  60
- D.
  
  10
Correct Answer
D. 10

Explanation
The human genome is composed of approximately 3 billion base pairs. If a person were to read all of these sequences out loud, it would take a considerable amount of time. Assuming an average reading speed of 200 words per minute, it would take about 15 years to read a sequence of 3 billion base pairs. Therefore, it would take more than 10 years for a person to read all of the sequences out loud.

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12.

A promoter's role in protein synthesis is binding and initiating transcription.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
A promoter is a region of DNA that initiates the transcription of a particular gene. It acts as a binding site for RNA polymerase, which then starts the process of transcription. Therefore, the statement that a promoter's role in protein synthesis is binding and initiating transcription is true.

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