Principles Of Cardiology III- Test I
A review of the material for Principles III test 1. Reviewing cardiac material.
- 1.Blood flow to the coronary arteries decreases during which phase of the cardiac cycle?
- A.
Systole
- B.
Bradycardia
- C.
Diastole
- D.
None of above, blood flow to coronary arteries is constant
- 2.What effect will tachycardia have on coronary artery perfusion?
- A.
Perfusion will increase due to an increase in cardiac output.
- B.
Perfusion will decrease do a decrease in filling times.
- C.
Perfusion remains the same because the decrease in diastolic filling time and increase in CO roughly balance each other out.
- 3.Which of the following reflects an appropriate resting potential of the heart?
- A.
-20 mv
- B.
-40 mv
- C.
-80 mv
- D.
+5 mv
- 4.Depolarization of cardiac cells results in increased _____ and decreased _____.
- A.
Calcium, Chloride
- B.
Potassium, Sodium
- C.
Magnesium, Potassium
- D.
Sodium, Potassium
- 5.During what phase of the cardiac action potential do L-type calcium channels open?
- A.
Plateau
- B.
Repolarization
- C.
Depolarization
- D.
Holy Action Potentials, Batman!!
- 6.What occurs during repolarization?
- A.
Voltage dependent increase in sodium and potassium
- B.
Potassium increases and slow calcium channels close.
- C.
Sodium increases and potassium decreases
- D.
Slow calcium channels open and calcium increases
- 7.Sympathetic stimulation of the SA node results in release of ________ from nerve endings, which binds to Beta 1 adrenergic receptors on pacemaker cell membranes.
- A.
Acetycholine
- B.
Ephedrine
- C.
Norepinephrine
- D.
CAMP
- 8.
![Look at the above ECG. Occlusion of which coronary artery most likely resulted in this ECG? - ProProfs]( "Look at the above ECG. Occlusion of which coronary artery most likely resulted in this ECG?")
Look at the above ECG. Occlusion of which coronary artery most likely resulted in this ECG?- A.
Right Coronary Artery
- B.
Acute Marginal
- C.
Circumflex
- D.
Left Anterior Descending
- 9.
![Look at the above ECG. Occlusion of which coronary artery most likely resulted in the above ECG? - ProProfs]( "Look at the above ECG. Occlusion of which coronary artery most likely resulted in the above ECG?")
Look at the above ECG. Occlusion of which coronary artery most likely resulted in the above ECG?- A.
Right Coronary Artery
- B.
Acute Marginal
- C.
Circumflex
- D.
Left Anterior Descending
- 10.Occlusion of the circumflex artery will result in what type of MI?
- A.
Inferior wall MI
- B.
Lateral wall MI
- C.
Anterior wall MI
- D.
Posterior wall MI
- 11.Approximately what percentage of pts with HTN and a normal ECG have undiagnosed significant CAD?
- A.
17%
- B.
21%
- C.
14%
- D.
26%
- 12.During anesthetic management of a pt with HTN, you should seek to keep the intra-op BP within _____ of your baseline BP.
- A.
You should seek to reduce BP to normal range.
- B.
10%
- C.
5%
- D.
20%
- 13.Which of the following pts has minor cardiac clinical predictors?
- A.
Ms. A, an 85 yr old pt with PMH: stroke
- B.
Mrs. B, a 67 yr old female PMH: a-fib, severe mitral stenosis
- C.
Mr. C, a 52 yr old male. PMH: Diabetes and periph neuropathy
- D.
None of above
- 14.Which of the following pts has intermediate cardiac clinical predictors?
- A.
Ms. A, an 85 yr old pt with PMH: stroke
- B.
Mrs. B, a 67 yr old female PMH: a-fib, severe mitral stenosis
- C.
Mr. C, a 52 yr old male. PMH: Diabetes and periph neuropathy
- D.
None of above
- 15.Which of the following pts has major cardiac clinical predictors?
- A.
Ms. A, an 85 yr old pt with PMH: stroke
- B.
Mrs. B, a 67 yr old female PMH: a-fib, severe mitral stenosis
- C.
Mr. C, a 52 yr old male. PMH: Diabetes and periph neuropathy
- D.
None of above
- 16.Which of the following patients would you want to get a stress test prior to surgery (assuming it is not already done)?
- A.
Patient with PMH of HTN, undergoing emergent repair of AAA
- B.
Patient with PMH: Diabetes, neuropathy, who has METS= 6 and a normal baseline ECG. Recently diagnosed thyroid CA undergoing thyroidectomy.
- C.
Patient with PMH of HTN (currently well controlled), MI 4 yrs ago, METS=3, COPD, undergoing TURP.
- D.
Patient with PMH angina (minor), HTN, DM. Undergoing carotid endarterectomy.
- 17.Which of the following procedures is considered high cardiac risk?
- A.
Carotid Endartectomy
- B.
Mediastinoscopy
- C.
Left breast Mastectomy
- D.
Fem-pop bypass
- 18.Which of the following procedures carries an intermediate cardiac risk?
- A.
Thyroidectomy
- B.
Repair of AAA
- C.
Whipple procedure
- D.
ERCP
- 19.Mr. Avery’s BP is currently 134/80. What is his MAP?
- A.
107
- B.
98
- C.
80
- D.
76
- 20.What is the Cardiac output for Mrs. Wiffenbach? Her BP is currently 141/78, HR 74, SV 84 mls, BSA 2 m2, CVP 4.
- A.
3.1 L/min
- B.
9.9 L/min
- C.
6.2 L/min
- D.
2.7 L/min
- 21.What is the cardiac index for Mrs. Duvar? BP 116/64, HR 58, SV 100, BSA 2 m2, CVP 6.
- A.
5.8 L/min/m2
- B.
9.4 L/min/m2
- C.
3.1 L/min/m2
- D.
2.9 L/min/m2
- 22.What is the SVR for Mr. Gosser? BP 152/80, HR 92, CO 6.9 L min, CI 3.3 L/min/m2, BSA 2.1/m2, CVP 4, SV 75 ml.
- A.
1159 dynes
- B.
2425 dynes
- C.
881 dynes
- D.
1563 dynes
- 23.Which anesthetic causes the greatest amount of myocardial depression?
- A.
Sevoflurane
- B.
Halothane
- C.
Desflurane
- D.
Isoflurane
- 24.Which of the following BP’s represents stage 1 hypertension?
- A.
162/100
- B.
138/86
- C.
142/90
- D.
180/112
- 25.Which of the following BP’s represents Stage 2 hypertension?
- A.
135/82
- B.
154/92
- C.
201/112
- D.
178/100
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