Test Your Knowledge Of Cardiology

The SA node, or sinoatrial node, is indeed the point of origin of electrical activity in the heart. It is located in the right atrium and generates electrical impulses that regulate the heart's rhythm. These impulses spread throughout the atria, causing them to contract and pump blood into the ventricles. From there, the electrical activity is conducted to the ventricles, causing them to contract and pump blood out of the heart. Therefore, the statement "The SA node is the point of origin of electrical activity" is true.

Electrical activity moves from the AV node to the Bundle of His. The Bundle of His is a specialized bundle of fibers located in the heart that conducts electrical impulses from the atrioventricular (AV) node to the ventricles. This allows for coordinated contraction of the ventricles, ensuring efficient pumping of blood throughout the body.

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The correct answer is 1 P wave for every QRS complex. In a normal EKG, each QRS complex is preceded by a single P wave, representing atrial depolarization. This indicates that the electrical signal is originating in the atria and then conducting to the ventricles, resulting in a coordinated heartbeat.

Sinus rhythm refers to the normal electrical activity of the heart, where the electrical impulses originate from the sinoatrial (SA) node. This rhythm is responsible for initiating the contraction of the heart muscles, leading to cardiac systole. Therefore, the statement is correct in stating that sinus rhythm is the normal mechanism for initiating cardiac systole.

Yes, absolutely.

Asystole refers to the absence of pacemaker impulses, which means that there is a lack of electrical activity in the heart. This condition is commonly known as cardiac arrest, where the heart stops beating and there is no blood flow to the body. It is a life-threatening situation that requires immediate medical intervention, such as cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and defibrillation, to restore the heart's normal rhythm.

Beep. Beep. Beeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeep. Time of death 5pm (in OR T130).

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The correct order of the cardiac impulse starts with the SA node, which is located in the right atrium. The SA node generates an electrical signal that causes the atria to contract. The impulse then travels to the AV node, located between the atria and ventricles, where it is briefly delayed to allow for complete atrial contraction. Finally, the impulse is conducted to the ventricles, causing them to contract and pump blood out of the heart.

The standard settings for an ECG are typically set at 25mm/sec. This refers to the speed at which the ECG paper moves through the machine during recording. The higher the speed, the faster the paper moves and the shorter the duration of the recorded ECG. This setting is commonly used as it provides a good balance between capturing enough data for analysis and minimizing the duration of the test.

This statement is false because to determine the heart rate in one minute, you should multiply the number of R-R intervals by 20, not 40.

More P waves than QRS complexes.

Arrhythmia is the correct answer because it refers to a disturbance in the conduction of the impulse that alters the normal sequence of activation of the atria and ventricle. Tachycardia refers to a fast heart rate, sinus arrhythmia is a normal variation in heart rate, and cardiac tamponade is a condition where fluid accumulates in the pericardial sac, affecting heart function.

Atrial fibrillation is caused by numerous disorganized atrial impulses frequently bombarding the AV node. In atrial fibrillation, the electrical signals in the atria become chaotic, causing the atria to quiver instead of contracting normally. This can lead to an irregular and fast heart rate.

Ventricular fibrillation is a life-threatening arrhythmia where the cells of the ventricular myocardium depolarize in a chaotic and uncoordinated manner. This results in the ventricles quivering instead of contracting effectively, leading to a loss of effective blood flow. It is a medical emergency that requires immediate intervention, such as defibrillation, to restore normal heart rhythm.

By observing the waves and tracing on the electrocardiograph, you can determine the heart rhythm. The electrocardiograph records the electrical activity of the heart, which is represented by different waves. By analyzing the pattern and intervals between these waves, you can identify the regularity or irregularity of the heart's electrical signals, thus determining the heart rhythm. This information is crucial for diagnosing various cardiac conditions and abnormalities.

Atrial fibrillation and atrial standstill can be detected if there is an absence of P waves. P waves represent the electrical activity in the atria, and their absence indicates a lack of normal atrial depolarization. In atrial fibrillation, the atria quiver instead of contracting effectively, resulting in irregular and chaotic electrical activity with no discernible P waves. In atrial standstill, there is a complete absence of atrial electrical activity, including P waves. Therefore, the absence of P waves is a key indicator for detecting these conditions.

He's in V-Fib. Get a D-Fib.

Sever sinus bradycardia, severe sinus block, bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome.

Sinus arrhythmia is the correct answer because it refers to the alternating periods of slower and more rapid heart rates related to respiration. During inspiration, the heart rate increases, and during expiration, the heart rate decreases. This is a normal physiological response and commonly occurs in healthy individuals. Tachypneumocardia refers to a rapid heart rate related to rapid breathing, arrhythmia refers to an irregular heart rhythm, and bradycardia refers to a slow heart rate.

The correct answer is to attach the ECG leads to the right arm, left arm, and left leg. This is the standard placement for the leads in a 12-lead ECG. The right arm lead is placed on the right side of the chest, just below the collarbone. The left arm lead is placed on the left side of the chest, just below the collarbone. The left leg lead is placed on the lower left side of the abdomen, near the hip bone. This placement allows for accurate measurement and recording of the electrical activity of the heart from different angles.

HE'S IN V-FIB ! GET A CRASH CART !

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You're being deceived.

Meow-meows shouldn't have sinus arrhythmeows.

An ectopic pacemaker below the bundle of His or a lesion in the intraventricular conduction system can lead to abnormal electrical conduction in the ventricles. This can result in wide QRS complexes on an electrocardiogram (ECG). The term "various configurations" suggests that the QRS complexes may have different shapes or durations, indicating irregular ventricular depolarization. This can be a characteristic finding in conditions such as bundle branch blocks or ventricular ectopy. Therefore, observing wide QRS complexes with various configurations can help detect these abnormalities in the conduction system.

The Purkinje fibers are specialized cardiac muscle cells that conduct electrical impulses through the ventricles of the heart. These fibers play a crucial role in coordinating the contraction of the ventricles, ensuring that blood is efficiently pumped out of the heart. The term "cranial" refers to the head or towards the head, while "caudal" refers to the tail or towards the tail. Therefore, the correct answer "Ventricles, cranial" indicates that the Purkinje fibers direct the wave of depolarization through the ventricles in a direction towards the head.

Premature Ventricular Contractions (PVCs or VPC) occur when there is an abnormal electrical impulse originating from the ventricles instead of the sinus node, which is the normal pacemaker of the heart. This can cause a premature contraction of the ventricles, disrupting the regular rhythm of the heart.

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That is one horrible question, isn't it? :D

Filing down the alligator clips helps to smooth out any rough edges or sharp points that could potentially pinch or bruise the patient's skin. By doing so, the risk of causing discomfort or injury to the patient is minimized.

The correct answer states that for dogs, the patient should be positioned in right lateral recumbency, which means lying on the right side. For cats, the patient should be positioned in sternal recumbency, which means lying on the sternum or chest. And for large animals, they should be positioned in a standing position. This positioning is important for obtaining accurate and clear ECG readings from different species.

An ECG (electrocardiogram) measures the electrical activity of the heart. It records the electrical impulses that stimulate the contraction of the heart muscles. These electrical impulses are responsible for initiating the contraction of the heart, which pumps blood throughout the body. Therefore, the correct answer is "The stimulus of a contraction."

In the second degree AV block, Type I, also known as Wenckebach, is characterized by a progressive lengthening of the P-R interval until a P wave is eventually blocked and not conducted. This results in a variable P-R interval pattern. On the other hand, Type II, also known as Mobitz II, is characterized by intermittent blockage of P waves without progressive lengthening. In Type II, the P-R interval remains constant before a blocked P wave occurs. Therefore, Type I has variable P-R intervals, while Type II has constant P-R intervals.

There's a lot of matching on this quiz. Because I am lazy.

After an ECG is done, it is important to add the date, DVM (Doctor of Veterinary Medicine), patient ID, drugs used, and positioning of the patient to the patient's chart. The date is necessary to keep track of when the ECG was performed. The DVM's name is important for documentation purposes and to identify who performed the procedure. The patient ID helps in correctly identifying the patient and matching the ECG results to the correct patient. The drugs used during the procedure should be noted for future reference and to monitor any potential effects. The positioning of the patient during the ECG is crucial information as it can impact the interpretation of the results.

Sinus tachycardia is a condition characterized by a faster-than-normal heart rate. Pain, fever, anemia, reduced cardiac output, hyperthyroidism, and excitement are all possible causes of sinus tachycardia. Pain and fever can stimulate the sympathetic nervous system, leading to an increased heart rate. Anemia reduces the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood, causing the heart to beat faster to compensate. Reduced cardiac output means that the heart is not pumping enough blood, which can result in a faster heart rate. Hyperthyroidism is a condition where the thyroid gland produces an excess amount of thyroid hormones, leading to an increased heart rate. Excitement can also stimulate the sympathetic nervous system, causing tachycardia.

Confusion, confusion.