Physiology - Introduction To Medicine MCQs
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All of the following are important as a cause of negative resting membrane potential (RMP) except:
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K ions
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Na ions
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Cl ions
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Proteins
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Explore key physiological concepts with the 'Physiology - Introduction to Medicine MCQs'. This quiz assesses understanding of resting membrane potential, osmolarity, and cellular transport mechanisms, essential for students and professionals in medical and health sciences.
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- 2.
Normal RMP os a nerve is:
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- 60 mv
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- 70 mv
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- 80 mv
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- 90 mv
Correct Answer
A. - 70 mvExplanation
The normal resting membrane potential (RMP) of a nerve is -70 mV. This means that the inside of the nerve cell is negatively charged compared to the outside. The RMP is maintained by the balance of ions across the cell membrane, with more negative ions inside the cell and more positive ions outside. This electrical potential is essential for the proper functioning of nerve cells, as it allows for the transmission of electrical signals necessary for nerve communication and coordination.Rate this question:
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- 3.
It is the concentration of a solution in terms of particles:
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Osmolality
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Osmolarity
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Osmotic pressure
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Osmole
Correct Answer
A. OsmoleExplanation
Osmole is the correct answer because it is a unit of measurement used to express the concentration of a solution in terms of particles. It represents the number of particles (such as ions or molecules) in a solution. Osmole is commonly used in the field of chemistry and biology to quantify the number of solute particles present in a given volume of solvent. Osmolality and osmolarity are related terms that also measure the concentration of a solution, but they express it in terms of osmoles per kilogram of solvent and osmoles per liter of solution, respectively. Osmotic pressure, on the other hand, is a measure of the force required to prevent the movement of solvent across a semipermeable membrane due to differences in solute concentration.Rate this question:
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- 4.
All of the following are related to hypertonic solutions except:
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It has higher solutes in comparison to cells
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It affects cell size by making it shrink
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Glucose 5% is one of its examples
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None of the above
Correct Answer
A. Glucose 5% is one of its examplesExplanation
The correct answer is "glucose 5% is one of its examples." This is because glucose 5% is an example of an isotonic solution, not a hypertonic solution. Hypertonic solutions have a higher concentration of solutes compared to cells, causing water to move out of the cells and making them shrink. Glucose 5% is an isotonic solution, meaning it has the same concentration of solutes as cells and does not cause any change in cell size.Rate this question:
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- 5.
1- movement of water from high concentration gradient to low concentration gradient under the effect of hydrostatic pressure 2- movement of water from high concentration gradient to low concentration gradient sccording to concentration difference
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1- Diffusion 2- osmosis
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1- Filtration 2- osmosis
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1- Diffusion 2- filtration
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1- Filtration 2- Diffusion
Correct Answer
A. 1- Filtration 2- DiffusionExplanation
The correct answer is 1- Filtration and 2- Diffusion. Filtration is the movement of water from high concentration gradient to low concentration gradient under the effect of hydrostatic pressure. Diffusion is the movement of water from high concentration gradient to low concentration gradient according to concentration difference.Rate this question:
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- 6.
All of the folloing are concidered as endocytosis mechanism except:
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Stimulus dependent secretion
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Receptor mediated endocytosis
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Phagocytosis
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Pinocytosis
Correct Answer
A. Stimulus dependent secretionExplanation
Stimulus dependent secretion is not considered as an endocytosis mechanism because it involves the release of substances from the cell, rather than the uptake of substances into the cell. Endocytosis mechanisms, such as receptor-mediated endocytosis, phagocytosis, and pinocytosis, all involve the uptake of substances into the cell through various mechanisms.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Which of the following is not a component of recptor mediated endocytosis:
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Cargo receptors
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Uncoated vesicles
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Pseudopedia
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Adaptin
Correct Answer
A. PseudopediaExplanation
Pseudopedia is not a component of receptor-mediated endocytosis. Receptor-mediated endocytosis is a process by which specific molecules are taken up by cells through the binding of ligands to receptors on the cell surface. Cargo receptors are responsible for recognizing and binding to the specific molecules to be internalized. Uncoated vesicles are formed during the process of endocytosis to transport the internalized molecules. Adaptin is a protein that helps in the formation of coated vesicles. However, pseudopedia is not involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis and is unrelated to this process.Rate this question:
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- 8.
The main stimulator for exocytosis at the neuromuscular junction is:
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Ca ions
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Na ions
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Ligand gated channels
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Ca ions & transport vesicles
Correct Answer
A. Ca ionsExplanation
The correct answer is Ca ions. Calcium ions play a crucial role in exocytosis at the neuromuscular junction. When an action potential reaches the presynaptic terminal, voltage-gated calcium channels open, allowing calcium ions to enter the terminal. The increase in calcium concentration triggers the fusion of synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic membrane, leading to the release of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These neurotransmitters then bind to receptors on the postsynaptic membrane, initiating a response in the muscle fiber. Therefore, calcium ions are the main stimulator for exocytosis at the neuromuscular junction.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Stoppage of bleeding by formation of blood clot:
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Homeostasis
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Exocytosis
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Hemostasis
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Endocytosis
Correct Answer
A. HemostasisExplanation
Hemostasis refers to the process of stopping bleeding by forming a blood clot. It involves a series of complex mechanisms that work together to prevent excessive blood loss from damaged blood vessels. These mechanisms include vasoconstriction, platelet aggregation, and coagulation. Vasoconstriction reduces blood flow to the injured area, platelet aggregation forms a temporary plug, and coagulation forms a stable blood clot. Together, these processes ensure that the bleeding stops and the damaged blood vessel is repaired.Rate this question:
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- 10.
The three main components of reflex arc:
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Receptor, afferent, center
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Afferent, center, efferent
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Center, efferent, effector
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Receptor, center, effector
Correct Answer
A. Receptor, center, effectorExplanation
A reflex arc is a neural pathway that controls reflex actions. It consists of three main components: a receptor, a center, and an effector. The receptor detects a stimulus and sends signals to the center. The center processes the information and determines the appropriate response. Finally, the effector carries out the response by producing a motor output. Therefore, the correct sequence of the three main components of a reflex arc is receptor, center, effector.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Which of the following is an example of positive feedback vicious mechaism:
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Blood clotting
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Child birth
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CO2 feedback mechanism
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Acetyl choline release
Correct Answer
A. Child birthExplanation
Childbirth is an example of a positive feedback vicious mechanism because it involves a self-amplifying cycle. During labor, contractions of the uterus stimulate the release of oxytocin, which leads to stronger contractions. As contractions become stronger, more oxytocin is released, further intensifying the contractions. This cycle continues until the baby is born.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Cascade mechanism end or stop or inhibited by the following mechanism:
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Removal of the stimulus
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Another positive feedback mechanism
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Spontaneously without any mechanism
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A negative feedback mechanism
Correct Answer
A. A negative feedback mechanismExplanation
A negative feedback mechanism can end or inhibit the cascade mechanism. Negative feedback occurs when the output of a system inhibits or reduces the activity of the system itself. In this context, the cascade mechanism is likely a series of events or reactions that are initiated by a stimulus. When a negative feedback mechanism is activated, it counteracts the effects of the cascade mechanism, thereby stopping or inhibiting its progression. This allows the system to return to a state of equilibrium or homeostasis.Rate this question:
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- 13.
All of the following can pass through lipid bilayer except:
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Lipid soluble substances
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Na ions
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O2
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CO2
Correct Answer
A. Na ionsExplanation
The lipid bilayer is composed of hydrophobic tails that repel ions, making it difficult for them to pass through. However, lipid soluble substances, such as O2 and CO2, can easily pass through the lipid bilayer due to their ability to dissolve in the hydrophobic interior of the membrane. Na ions, on the other hand, are charged and cannot easily pass through the hydrophobic region of the lipid bilayer. Therefore, Na ions cannot pass through the lipid bilayer.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Regarding glucose transport, which is false: it can be transported by secondary active mechanism b- it may be by a carrier protein with concentration gradient without use of energy c- it may be by pinocytosis d- it is never to be through leak channel
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It can be transported by secondary active mechanism
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It may be by a carrier protein with concentration gradient without use of energy
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It may be by pinocytosis
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It is never to be through leak channel
Correct Answer
A. It may be by pinocytosisExplanation
Glucose transport can occur through various mechanisms, including secondary active transport, facilitated diffusion by carrier proteins, and pinocytosis. Pinocytosis is a process where cells engulf extracellular fluid and its contents, including glucose molecules. Therefore, the statement that glucose transport may occur by pinocytosis is true.Rate this question:
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Nov 18, 2011Quiz Created by
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