Patho - Endocrine - Quiz, Flashcards & Trivia

1. Which of the following are hormones involved in

Mobilization of body defenses

Maintenance of homeostasis

Regulation of metabolism

All of the above

2. Endocrine activity of the adrenal cortex is regulated by

Prolactin

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

Follicle stimulating hormone

Luteinizing hormone

3. Large amounts of this hormone can cause vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure

Growth hormone

Anti diuretic hormone

Leuteinizing hormone

Prolactin

4. Hormones of the testes are

Produced in interstitial cells

Required for sperm cell production

Include testosterone

All of the above

5. Increased cortisols, emotional instability, muscle weakness, excess hair, edema, and moon face are linked to

Myxedema

Cushings disease

Cretinism

Hypoparathyroidism

6. Patient presents with polyuria, polydipsia and polyphagia, the likely Dx is

Hypothyroidism

Addison's disease

Hyperthyroidism

Diabetes mellitus

7. Treatment of dwarfism, a hypopituitarism condition, is affected by

Patient age

Underlying cause

Severity and type

All of the above

8. Breast milk production is stimulated by

Anti diuretic hormone

Growth hormone

Prolactin

Oxytocin

9. Melatonin

Produced in pineal gland and established night and day

Responsible for milk production

Influences puberty

Produced in hypothalamus

10. Demineralization of bone and excess calcium is associated with

Dwarfism

Acromegaly

Hyperparathyroidism

Hypothyroidism

11. Parathyroid hormone

Stimulates osteoclasts to remove calcium from bone

Stimulates the kidneys and intestine to absorb calcium

Raises blood calcium

All of the above

12. Precocious puberty

Occurs in boys before 9

Occurs in girls before 8

Caused by tumors or ingestion of hormones or sex steroids

All of the above

13. Hormonal activity of the gonads including sperm development in the testes is influenced by

Growth hormone

Follicle stimulating hormone

Prolactin

Oxytocin

14. Estrogens

Graafian follicles or the placenta

Prepares uterus for implantation and maintains pregnancy

Stimulates development of secondary female characteristics

All of the above

15. Calcitriol and erythropoietin are

Produced by the hypothalamus

Produced by the kidneys

None of the above

16. Patient c/o of gradual increase in fatigue, GI disturbance, depression, bronzing of the skin and cardiovascular problems over the past few months, lab tests show decreased adrenocortical function, your dx is

Diabetes mellitus

Addison's disease

Cushings syndrome

Hypoparathyroidism

17. The anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis) is glandular and the posterior pituitary( neurohypophysis) is made from nervous tissue

True

False

18. Lack of insulin in the pancreas is

Diabetes insipidus

Type 1 diabetes

Type 2 diabetes

Gestational diabetes

19. The secretion of LH and FSH is regulated by the release of

Corticotropin-releasing hormone

Prolactin releasing hormone

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone

Thyrotropin releasing hormone

20. Hypoglycemia is

Treated with IV glucose or complex carb snack

Only caused by medications

A cause of death / coma when severe

A & C

All of the above

21. Which of the following would be related to hypothyroidism only

Weight loss

Sweating

Cold intolerance

Fatigue

22. Diabetes insipidus is

Caused by deficiency of vasopressin (ADH))

Is due to kidney failuree

Can lead to goitor

Involves insulin dysfunction

23. Congenital condition in children where thyroid gland is absent or nonfunctional resulting in mental and or growth retardation and must be treated with thyroid hormone

Graves disease

Myxedema

Acromegaly

Cretinism

24. Which of the following is a lipid based hormone

Proteins

Steroid

Amines

Peptides

25. Glucocorticoids

Include cortisone and cortisol

Affect salt and water balance

Influence glucose metabolism and the immune system

A & C

26. Secretes hormones for short term and long term stress

Hypothalamus

Pituitary gland

Adrenal gland

Thyroid gland

27. A patient with low oxygen levels in the kidneys will normally produce more

Erythropoeitin

Catecholamines

Calcitonin

Calcitriol

28. Breastmilk ejection and contraction during labor are stimulated by

Prolactin

Luteinizing hormone

Follicle stimulating hormone

Oxytocin

29. Excess calcium deposits in bone and decreased circulating calcium are linked to hypoparathyroidism. the treatment is

Synthroid

Variable with case

Calcium replacement and vitamin D

Thyroidectomy

30. Hypothalamic neurons secrete hormones

True

False

31. Aldosterone is

Produced in the adrenal cortex

A catecholamine

A mineralocoticoid that affects salt and water balance

A & C

32. Possible immunosupression can be caused by

Catecholamines

Glucocorticoids

Prolactin

Growth hormone

33. Severe condition that develops in older child or adult may lead to life threatening symptoms including coma the treatment is synthroid

Cretinism

Acromegaly

Myxedema

None of the above

34. Type 1 juvenile diabetes is

Insulin produced by the pancrease is inefficient

An autoimmune condition

Diet and weight are contributing factors

Less likely to have end organ damage

35. The endocrine cells of the heart are

Sensitive to stretch and found in the ventricles

Is atrial natriuretic peptide and decreases blood pressure and volume

Promotes retention of sodium ions and water at the kidneys

Promotes secretion of aldosterone

36. Resents with Sx of slowed metabolism, hemorrhagic, weight gain, muscular weakness and fatigue, a possible diagnosis is

Cretinism

Acromegaly

Myxedema

Hyperthyroidism

37. Which is true about hormones

Have faster effect than neurotransmitters

Only work on cells with matching protein receptors

Effect duration is shorter than nervous system

All of the above

38. Catecholamines and mineralocorticoids both can cause

Increased blood glucose

Increased blood pressure

Immunosupression

None of the above

39. Which does not describe steroid hormones

Able to bind sites inside the cells

Carefully regulated because large amounts are necessary

Able to influence/change DNA within cells

Binds to cell DNA and activates genes

40. Non-steroid hormones

Can enter cells

Sets off a series of reactions that activates an enzyme ultimately producing a 2nd messenger cAMP

Bind to DNA

All of the above

41. The anterior pituitary

Receives releasing/inhibiting factors from the hypothalamus

Is not strictly and endocrine gland

Produces anti diuretic hormone

A & C

42. Which is true about the pancreas

Beta cells produce glucagon and increases blood sugar

It is a mixed gland

Alpha cells form insulin which decreases blood sugar

All of the above

43. Humoral stimuli of endocrine glands feature

Hormones being directly controlled by the nervous system

Endocrine organs monitoring blood levels of hormones or other chemicals to regulate hormone release

Release of hormone triggered by nerve impulse

A & C

44. Progesterone

Is produced in the corpus luteum

Acts alone to influence menstrual cycle

Inhibits implantation of embryo in uterus

Responsible for male secondary sex characteristics

45. Testosterone production and rupturing of the follicle along with its conversion into the corpus luteum are regulated by

Follicle stimulating hormone

Growth hormone

Prolactin

Luteinizing hormone

46. The hypothalamic pituitary axis describes

The anatomical alignment of the two glands

How endocrine glands are activated by other hormones starting in the hypothalamus

Condition often linked to tinnitus and vertigo

Release of neurotransmitters between hypothalamus and pituitary gland

47. Which of the following would be related to hyperthyroidism

Fatigue

Edema/bloating

Brady cardia

Hair loss

48. The middle layer of the adrenal cortex produces

Catecholamines

Glucocorticoids

Mineralocoticoids

Sex hormones

49. Graves disease is

Simple goiter and over production of thyroid hormone

Has auto immune cause with genetic predisposition

Symptoms include bradycardia, fatigue and weight gain

Not linked to exopthalmus

50. Acromegaly is

Treated with surgical intervention of radiation

Increased growth hormone before puberty

Is a form of hypopituitarism

51. Thyroid hormones are

Bound when released and unbound in storage

T4 is secreted more than T3 and is more potent

T3 is converted to T4 in peripheral tissue

T4 is the most significant measurement of thyroid hormone

52. Which of the following is a peptide class hormone

Growth hormone

Anti diuretic Hormone

Thyroid stimulating hormone

Follicle stimulating hormone

53. Break down of fats and amino acid conversion to proteins is stimulated by

Prolactin

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

Thyroid stimulating hormone

Growth hormone

54. Epinephrine and norepinephrine

Are produced in the adrenal cortex

Are catecholamines

Regulate mineral content and electrolyte balance

A & B

55. The inner layer of the adrenal cortex produces

Sex hormones

Glucocorticoids

Norepinephrine

56. Which is true about the thyroid gland

Calcitonin is produced in the follicular cells

Thyroid gland absorbs iodine from the blood

Thyroid hormones made from idoine and are produced in the parafollicular cells

All of the above

57. Calcitonin

Decreases blood calcium levels by causing deposition in bones

Is synergistic to parathyroid hormone

Limits secretion of calcium by kidneys

A & C

58. Which of the following does not increase blood glucose

Catecholamines

Glucocorticoids

Mineralocorticoids

A & C

Patho - Endocrine

1. Which of the following are hormones involved in

2.

What first name or nickname would you like us to use?

2. Endocrine activity of the adrenal cortex is regulated by

3. Large amounts of this hormone can cause vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure

4. Hormones of the testes are

5. Increased cortisols, emotional instability, muscle weakness, excess hair, edema, and moon face are linked to

6. Patient presents with polyuria, polydipsia and polyphagia, the likely Dx is

7. Treatment of dwarfism, a hypopituitarism condition, is affected by

8. Breast milk production is stimulated by

9. Melatonin

10. Demineralization of bone and excess calcium is associated with

11. Parathyroid hormone

12. Precocious puberty

13. Hormonal activity of the gonads including sperm development in the testes is influenced by

14. Estrogens

15. Calcitriol and erythropoietin are

16. Patient c/o of gradual increase in fatigue, GI disturbance, depression, bronzing of the skin and cardiovascular problems over the past few months, lab tests show decreased adrenocortical function, your dx is

17. The anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis) is glandular and the posterior pituitary( neurohypophysis) is made from nervous tissue

18. Lack of insulin in the pancreas is

19. The secretion of LH and FSH is regulated by the release of

20. Hypoglycemia is

21. Which of the following would be related to hypothyroidism only

22. Diabetes insipidus is

23. Congenital condition in children where thyroid gland is absent or nonfunctional resulting in mental and or growth retardation and must be treated with thyroid hormone

24. Which of the following is a lipid based hormone

25. Glucocorticoids

26. Secretes hormones for short term and long term stress

27. A patient with low oxygen levels in the kidneys will normally produce more

28. Breastmilk ejection and contraction during labor are stimulated by

29. Excess calcium deposits in bone and decreased circulating calcium are linked to hypoparathyroidism. the treatment is

30. Hypothalamic neurons secrete hormones

31. Aldosterone is

32. Possible immunosupression can be caused by

33. Severe condition that develops in older child or adult may lead to life threatening symptoms including coma the treatment is synthroid

34. Type 1 juvenile diabetes is

35. The endocrine cells of the heart are

36. Resents with Sx of slowed metabolism, hemorrhagic, weight gain, muscular weakness and fatigue, a possible diagnosis is

37. Which is true about hormones

38. Catecholamines and mineralocorticoids both can cause

39. Which does not describe steroid hormones

40. Non-steroid hormones

41. The anterior pituitary

42. Which is true about the pancreas

43. Humoral stimuli of endocrine glands feature

44. Progesterone

45. Testosterone production and rupturing of the follicle along with its conversion into the corpus luteum are regulated by

46. The hypothalamic pituitary axis describes

47. Which of the following would be related to hyperthyroidism

48. The middle layer of the adrenal cortex produces

49. Graves disease is

50. Acromegaly is

51. Thyroid hormones are

52. Which of the following is a peptide class hormone

53. Break down of fats and amino acid conversion to proteins is stimulated by

54. Epinephrine and norepinephrine

55. The inner layer of the adrenal cortex produces

56. Which is true about the thyroid gland

57. Calcitonin

58. Which of the following does not increase blood glucose