P25(A)

A. necrosis and gangrene in the feet and legs

B. lack of glucose to the cells in the feet and legs

C. severe dehydration in the tissues

D. elevated blood glucose increasing blood viscosity

A. excess insulin in the body

B. loss of glucose in the urine

C. failure of the kidney to excrete sufficient acids

D. increased catabolism of fats and proteins

A. pale moist skin

B. thirst and poor skin turgor

C. deep rapid respirations and fruity breath odor

D. tremors and strong rapid pulse

A. control by releasing hormones

B. control by tropic hormones

C. negative feedback control

D. hypothalamus/hypophysis coordination

A. deep, rapid respirations

B. flushed dry skin and mucosa

C. thirst and oliguria

D. staggering gait, disorientation, and confusion

A. 1, 2

B. 3, 4

C. 1, 2, 4

D. 1, 2, 3, 4

A. increased glucose production in the liver

B. destruction of pancreatic cells by an autoimmune reaction

C. increased resistance of body cells to insulin action

D. chronic obesity

A. It occurs in infants and children.

B. It causes excessive longitudinal bone growth.

C. It results from excessive secretion of GH.

D. It does not change soft tissue growth.

A. increased glucocorticoids

B. decreased glucocorticoids

C. deficit of ADH

D. deficit of T3 and T4

A. facial puffiness, bradycardia, and lethargy

B. exophthalmos, heat intolerance, and restlessness

C. delayed physical and intellectual development

A. osteoporosis

B. nephropathy

C. impotence

D. peripheral neuropathy

A. recurrent vomiting

B. missing an insulin dose

C. eating excessively large meals

D. sedentary lifestyle

A. increased insulin

B. decreased glucocorticoids

C. deficit of ADH

D. deficit of T3 and T4

A. 1, 3

B. 1, 4

C. 2, 3

D. 2, 4

A. Type I diabetics

B. Type II diabetics

C. patients with a poor stress response

D. those with a regular exercise and meal plan

A. malignant neoplasm

B. infection

C. congenital defect

D. benign tumor

A. Excess ketoacids displace glucose into the filtrate.

B. Excess water in the filtrate draws more glucose into the urine.

C. The amount of glucose in the filtrate exceeds the renal tubule transport limit.

D. Sufficient insulin is not available for glucose reabsorption.

A. increased thirst

B. ketoacidosis

C. glucosuria develops

D. diabetic nephropathy

A. to replace insulin in patients with IDDM

B. to transport glucose into body cells

C. to prevent gluconeogenesis

D. to stimulate the pancreas to produce more insulin

A. 1, 2

B. 1, 3

C. 2, 3

D. 3, 4

A. toxic effects of excessive insulin

B. excessive glucose in the blood

C. acidosis and hypovolemia

D. lack of glucose in brain cells

A. 1, 4

B. 2, 3

C. 1, 2, 3

D. 1, 2, 3, 4

A. skipping a meal

B. strenuous exercise

C. serious infection

D. insulin overdose

A. heavy body and round face

B. atrophied skeletal muscle in the limbs

C. staring eyes with infrequent blinking

D. atrophy of the lymph nodes

A. decreased secretion from the adrenal cortex gland

B. an increased inflammatory response to irritants

C. hypotension and poor circulation

D. increased number of hypersensitivity reactions

A. hypocalcemia

B. tetany

C. bone demineralization

D. deficit of vitamin D

A. elevated blood glucose levels

B. high blood pressure

C. low serum potassium levels

D. poor stress response

A. increased glucocorticoids

B. decreased glucocorticoids

C. deficit of ADH

D. deficit of T3 and T4

A. There is increased osmotic pressure of the filtrate.

B. Damaged tubules cannot reabsorb sufficient fluid.

C. Excessive ADH secretion is present.

D. There is a deficit of ADH.

E. Excessive aldosterone is secreted.

A. abnormal metabolism in the lens

B. macroangiopathy

C. neuropathy affecting cranial nerves

D. development of exophthalmos

A. increased serum bicarbonate

B. serum pH of 7.35

C. increased serum carbonic acid

D. urine pH 8.0

A. The cause is excess ADH secretion.

B. Severe hyponatremia results.

C. Excessive sodium is retained.

D. Fluid retention increases.

A. 1, 4

B. 2, 3

C. 1, 2

D. 1, 3, 4