Forearm, Hand, Wrist Anatomy
Questions and Answers
- 1.
MCL consists of:
- A.
Anterior ligament, posterior ligament, oblique ligament.
- B.
Anterior bundle, transverse ligament, posterior bundle.
- C.
Transverse ligament, medial bundle, annular ligament (lateral portion).
Correct Answer
B. Anterior bundle, transverse ligament, posterior bundle.Explanation
The correct answer is "Anterior bundle, transverse ligament, posterior bundle." This is because the MCL (medial collateral ligament) of the knee consists of three main components: the anterior bundle, which is located towards the front of the knee; the transverse ligament, which runs horizontally across the knee joint; and the posterior bundle, which is located towards the back of the knee. These three components work together to provide stability and support to the knee joint, particularly in preventing excessive inward movement of the knee.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The radius articulates with the Trochlea of the Humerus.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The correct answer is the Capitulum.Rate this question:
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- 3.
The radius is a major forearm bone contributing to the wrist joint. When the radius moves, the wrist moves with it.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The statement is true because the radius is indeed a major forearm bone that plays a significant role in the movement of the wrist joint. As the radius moves, it causes the wrist joint to move as well. This is because the radius is one of the two bones in the forearm that connect to the wrist, along with the ulna. Therefore, any movement of the radius directly affects the movement of the wrist joint.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Statement: The annular ligament of radius is attached to the anterior and posterior margins of the notch.The ligament is more “cup-shaped” than “ring-shaped”, therefore the head of the radius cannot slip upwards.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
It cannot slip downwards.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Which bundle tightens in extension? (MCL-complex)
- A.
Anterior
- B.
Posterior
- C.
Transverse
Correct Answer
A. AnteriorExplanation
The anterior bundle of the MCL-complex tightens in extension.Rate this question:
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- 6.
The radial head is considered a second stabilizer in the elbow with an intact MCL complex.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The radial head plays a crucial role in stabilizing the elbow joint along with the medial collateral ligament (MCL) complex. While the MCL is the primary stabilizer, the radial head acts as a secondary stabilizer. It helps to prevent excessive valgus stress on the elbow joint and provides stability during rotational movements. Therefore, the statement that the radial head is considered a second stabilizer in the elbow with an intact MCL complex is true.Rate this question:
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- 7.
In extension: resistance to valgus stress is shared equally by MCL, capsule and joint articulation
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The statement is true because the MCL (medial collateral ligament), capsule, and joint articulation all contribute to resisting valgus stress. Valgus stress refers to a force that pushes the knee joint outward, away from the body's midline. The MCL is a ligament on the inner side of the knee that helps stabilize and prevent excessive movement in this direction. The joint capsule surrounds the knee joint, providing additional support and stability. The joint articulation, which refers to the contact and movement between the bones in the knee joint, also plays a role in resisting valgus stress. Therefore, all three structures work together to share the resistance to valgus stress.Rate this question:
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- 8.
For resisting varus stress in extension, the main stabilizer is the LCL.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
It is the joint articulation, followed by the capsule.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Proximal radio-ulnar joint is a;
- A.
Hinge joint
- B.
Pivot joint
- C.
Condyloid joint
Correct Answer
B. Pivot jointExplanation
The proximal radio-ulnar joint is classified as a pivot joint because it allows for rotation of the radius bone around the ulna bone. This type of joint is characterized by a rounded bony process that fits into a ring-shaped structure, allowing for rotational movement. In the case of the proximal radio-ulnar joint, the rounded head of the radius bone articulates with the radial notch of the ulna bone, enabling pronation and supination of the forearm.Rate this question:
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- 10.
The Metacarpolphalangeal joints are what type of joints:
- A.
Saddle joints
- B.
Hinge joints
- C.
Condyloid
- D.
Elipsoid
Correct Answer
A. Saddle jointsExplanation
The Metacarpophalangeal joints are classified as saddle joints. Saddle joints are a type of synovial joint that allows movement in multiple directions, including flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and circumduction. These joints are found in the thumb and enable a wide range of movement, making them highly versatile and important for various manual tasks. The articulating surfaces of saddle joints are shaped like a saddle, with one concave and one convex surface, allowing for a greater range of motion compared to hinge or condyloid joints.Rate this question:
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- 11.
A triangular articular disc is attached to the styloid process of the radius (with its apex), and to the ulna (with its base).
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Opposite.Rate this question:
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- 12.
In supination, the ulna and radius are:
- A.
Parallel
- B.
Crossed
- C.
In 50 degrees supination, 50 degrees pronation
Correct Answer
A. ParallelExplanation
In supination, the ulna and radius are parallel to each other. This means that they are aligned side by side, with their lengths running in the same direction. This position allows for the maximum range of motion in the forearm and hand, enabling activities such as holding objects, writing, and gripping.Rate this question:
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- 13.
When the bones of the forearm are crossed, it means that the arm is pronated.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
When the bones of the forearm are crossed, it means that the arm is pronated. This is because pronation refers to the rotation of the forearm in such a way that the palm faces downwards or towards the back. Crossing the bones of the forearm is a characteristic movement of pronation, where the radius and ulna (the two bones in the forearm) cross over each other, resulting in the palm facing downwards. Therefore, the statement is true.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Most activities are accomplished within the functional range of 50 degrees pronation, and 50 degrees of supination.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Most activities require a certain degree of pronation and supination of the forearm. Pronation refers to the rotation of the forearm so that the palm faces downwards, while supination refers to the rotation of the forearm so that the palm faces upwards. The statement suggests that the functional range for these movements is 50 degrees in both directions. This means that most activities can be successfully performed within this range of motion. Therefore, the answer "True" indicates that the statement is correct.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Clinically patients can tolerate up to 40 degrees of flexion contractures. More than this, significantly increases complaints.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
30 degrees is the correct answer.Rate this question:
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- 16.
ROM of pronation / supination is =
- A.
140 - 150 degrees in total.
- B.
155 - 165 degrees in total.
- C.
170 – 185 degrees in total.
Correct Answer
C. 170 – 185 degrees in total.Explanation
The correct answer is 170 - 185 degrees in total. This range represents the range of motion (ROM) for pronation and supination. Pronation is the movement of the forearm and hand in which the palm is turned downwards, while supination is the movement in which the palm is turned upwards. The ROM for pronation and supination is typically measured in degrees, and a range of 170 - 185 degrees indicates the total range of motion for these movements.Rate this question:
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- 17.
The pronator quadratus is the strongest pronator.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Pronator teres.Rate this question:
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- 18.
The supinators are stronger than the pronators.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The statement suggests that the supinators, muscles responsible for rotating the forearm outward, are stronger than the pronators, muscles responsible for rotating the forearm inward. This implies that the supinators have more strength and power compared to the pronators.Rate this question:
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- 19.
The wrist joint is an example of:
- A.
Hinge joint
- B.
Ball and socket joint
- C.
Ellipsoid joint
- D.
Saddle joint
Correct Answer
C. Ellipsoid jointExplanation
The wrist joint is classified as an ellipsoid joint because it allows movement in two planes - flexion/extension and abduction/adduction. This type of joint is characterized by an oval-shaped convex surface of one bone fitting into a concave surface of another bone. In the case of the wrist joint, the convex surface of the radius bone articulates with the concave surface of the scaphoid and lunate bones. This arrangement allows for a variety of movements, including bending the wrist forward and backward, as well as moving it from side to side.Rate this question:
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- 20.
The joint between the distal radius and ulna and the proximal row of carpal bones include:
- A.
Scaphoid, triquetrum, hamate.
- B.
Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum.
- C.
Lunate, scaphoid, trapezoid.
Correct Answer
B. Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum.Explanation
The correct answer is Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum. This answer is correct because the joint between the distal radius and ulna and the proximal row of carpal bones is known as the radiocarpal joint. The radiocarpal joint is formed by the articulation of the scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum bones with the distal end of the radius. These three carpal bones form the proximal row of carpal bones and play a crucial role in wrist movement and stability.Rate this question:
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- 21.
The proximal row of carpal bones are:
- A.
Convex.
- B.
Concave.
- C.
Thanks.
- D.
Option 4
Correct Answer
A. Convex.Explanation
The proximal row of carpal bones refers to the group of bones located in the wrist. These bones are arranged in a row, and when viewed from the top, they appear to be convex. This means that the surface of the bones curves outward, creating a rounded shape.Rate this question:
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- 22.
In the anatomical position the scaphoid is opposite the lateral area of the radius, and the lunate opposite the medial area + disc.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The statement is true because in the anatomical position, the scaphoid bone is indeed located opposite the lateral area of the radius, while the lunate bone is opposite the medial area + disc. This positioning is consistent with the standard anatomical arrangement of these bones in the human body.Rate this question:
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- 23.
The radial collateral ligament extends from the radial styloid process to the;
- A.
Lunate.
- B.
Trapezoid.
- C.
Scaphoid.
Correct Answer
C. Scaphoid.Explanation
The radial collateral ligament extends from the radial styloid process to the scaphoid bone. The radial collateral ligament is a thick, strong ligament that helps to stabilize the wrist joint. It connects the radius bone in the forearm to the scaphoid bone in the wrist. This ligament plays a crucial role in maintaining the stability and proper alignment of the wrist joint during movements such as flexion, extension, and radial deviation.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Which ligament extends from the ulnar styloid process to the triquetrum and pisiform.
- A.
The ulnar collateral ligament.
- B.
The radial collateral ligament.
- C.
Radiocarpal ligament.
Correct Answer
A. The ulnar collateral ligament.Explanation
The ulnar collateral ligament extends from the ulnar styloid process to the triquetrum and pisiform. This ligament provides stability to the wrist joint and helps prevent excessive movement of the ulna bone. It is located on the medial side of the wrist and is commonly injured in activities that involve repetitive wrist movements or direct impact to the hand.Rate this question:
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- 25.
The most important DORSAL reinforcing ligaments of wrist and carpus are:
- The palmar radio-carpal ligament.
- The palmar ulno-carpal ligament.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
They are the most important palmar reinforcements.Rate this question:
- 26.
ROM of wrist.In flexion (palmar flexion) we have:
- A.
70 degrees.
- B.
80 - 85 degrees.
- C.
90 - 95 degrees.
Correct Answer
B. 80 - 85 degrees.Explanation
The correct answer is 80 - 85 degrees. This range represents the normal range of motion (ROM) of the wrist in flexion, specifically palmar flexion. The wrist is able to flex downwards, towards the palm, allowing for a range of motion between 80 and 85 degrees. This movement is important for various activities that involve bending the wrist, such as grasping objects or performing certain exercises.Rate this question:
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- 27.
The flexor retinaculum is located proximal to the extensor retinaculum.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The flexor retinaculum is not located proximal to the extensor retinaculum. In fact, it is located distal to the extensor retinaculum.Rate this question:
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- 28.
ROM of wrist.In pronation/supination we have 160-175 degrees.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Supination / pronation is not a movement of the wrist.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Statement: The sagittal axis runs through the middle of the carpal bones from anterior to posterior.What movement are conducted in this axis?
- A.
Flexion
- B.
Extension
- C.
Radial deviation and ulnar deviation
- D.
Radial deviation and extension
Correct Answer
C. Radial deviation and ulnar deviationExplanation
The sagittal axis runs through the carpal bones from front to back, and the movements conducted in this axis are radial deviation and ulnar deviation. Radial deviation refers to the movement of the hand towards the thumb side of the wrist, while ulnar deviation refers to the movement of the hand towards the pinky side of the wrist. These movements allow for side-to-side movements of the hand and wrist.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Statement: The extensor retinaculum includes six compartments.Tunnel/compartment 5 includes which structures?
- A.
Extensor carpi radialis brevis and longus.
- B.
Extensor pollicis longus.
- C.
Extensor digiti minime.
Correct Answer
C. Extensor digiti minime.Explanation
Tunnel/compartment 5 of the extensor retinaculum includes the extensor digiti minimi muscle.Rate this question:
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- 31.
The triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) is made up of:
- A.
Dorsal radioulnar ligament, palmar radioulnar ligament and ulnocarpal ligaments
- B.
Dorsal radioulnar ligament, palmar radioulnar ligament, triangular fibrocartilag discus, ulnocarpal ligaments and extensor carpi ulnaris tendon sheath
- C.
Dorsal radioulnar ligament, palmar radioulnar ligament and extensor carpi ulnaris tendon sheath
- D.
Dorsal radioulnar ligament, palmar radioulnar ligament, triangular fibrocartilage discus, ulnocarpal ligaments and flexor carpi ulnaris tendon sheath
Correct Answer
B. Dorsal radioulnar ligament, palmar radioulnar ligament, triangular fibrocartilag discus, ulnocarpal ligaments and extensor carpi ulnaris tendon sheathExplanation
The correct answer is: Dorsal radioulnar ligament, palmar radioulnar ligament, triangular fibrocartilage discus, ulnocarpal ligaments, and extensor carpi ulnaris tendon sheath. This answer is correct because it includes all the components that make up the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC). The TFCC is a structure in the wrist that provides stability and support to the joint. It consists of ligaments (dorsal radioulnar ligament, palmar radioulnar ligament, ulnocarpal ligaments), a fibrocartilaginous disc (triangular fibrocartilage discus), and a tendon sheath (extensor carpi ulnaris tendon sheath).Rate this question:
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- 32.
The flexor retinaculum is more proximal than the extensor retinaculum
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
It is more distal than the extensor retinaculumRate this question:
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- 33.
With the arm in the anatomical position, the extensor policis longus tendon runs
- A.
Medial to the dorsal tubercle of listers
- B.
Lateral to the dorsal tubercle of listers
- C.
Above the dorsal tubercle of listers
- D.
In between the dorsal tubercle of listers
Correct Answer
A. Medial to the dorsal tubercle of listersExplanation
The extensor policis longus tendon runs medial to the dorsal tubercle of Lister's.Rate this question:
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- 34.
From the palmar plates of digit 2-5 the MCP joints in connected by a ligament giving additional stability to the MCP region, what is the ligament called?
- A.
Transverse intermetacarpal ligament
- B.
Junctura tendinum
- C.
Checkrein ligaments
- D.
Accessory collateral ligament
Correct Answer
A. Transverse intermetacarpal ligamentExplanation
The ligament that connects the MCP joints in the palmar plates of digits 2-5 is called the transverse intermetacarpal ligament. This ligament provides additional stability to the MCP region.Rate this question:
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- 35.
The ulnar collateral ligament of MCP is
- A.
Stronger than the radial collateral ligament of MCP
- B.
Broader than the radial collateral ligament of MCP
- C.
Thinner than the radial collateral ligament of MCP
- D.
Weaker than the radial collateral ligament of MCP
Correct Answer
A. Stronger than the radial collateral ligament of MCPExplanation
The ulnar collateral ligament of MCP is stronger than the radial collateral ligament of MCP. This means that it is more resistant to forces that could potentially cause injury or damage to the ligament. The strength of the ulnar collateral ligament allows it to provide stability and support to the MCP joint, which is important for proper hand function and movement.Rate this question:
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- 36.
The ulnar nerve only inervates the flexor carpi ulnaris and medial half of the flexor digitorum profundus in the forearm
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The ulnar nerve is responsible for innervating the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle and the medial half of the flexor digitorum profundus muscle in the forearm. This means that it provides the necessary nerve signals for these muscles to contract and perform their respective functions. Therefore, the statement is true.Rate this question:
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- 37.
M. supinator is the main supinator muscle in the forearm
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
BicepsRate this question:
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- 38.
How many tendons go through the carpal tunnel in the wrist on the palmar side?
- A.
7
- B.
8
- C.
9
- D.
10
Correct Answer
C. 9Explanation
Flexor digitorum profundus (4), flexor digitorum superficialis (4) and flexor pollicis longus (1). Also the median nerve passes through the carpal tunnel.Rate this question:
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- 39.
The median nerve is inside the flexor retinaculum
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The statement is true because the median nerve does indeed pass through the flexor retinaculum. The flexor retinaculum is a band of connective tissue located in the wrist, and it forms a tunnel called the carpal tunnel. The median nerve, along with several tendons, passes through this tunnel. This arrangement allows the median nerve to innervate the muscles of the forearm and hand.Rate this question:
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- 40.
M. Adductor pollicis is innervated by
- A.
Radial nerve
- B.
Median nerve
- C.
Ulnar nerve
Correct Answer
C. Ulnar nerveExplanation
The adductor pollicis muscle is responsible for adducting the thumb, which means bringing it towards the palm of the hand. The ulnar nerve is responsible for innervating the muscles of the hand, including the adductor pollicis. Therefore, the correct answer is ulnar nerve.Rate this question:
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- 41.
The median and ulnar artery form connections creating the superficial volar arch and the deep volar arche in the hand.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The RADIAL and ulnar artery form connections creating the superficial volar arch and the deep volar arche in the hand.Rate this question:
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- 42.
The palmar interossei moves the
- A.
4. and 5. digit
- B.
2., 3., 4. and 5. digit
- C.
1., 2., 3., 4. and 5. digit
- D.
2., 4. and 5. digit
Correct Answer
D. 2., 4. and 5. digitExplanation
The palmar interossei muscles are located in the hand and are responsible for the movement of the fingers. They are specifically involved in the adduction (bringing fingers together) of the fingers. The 2nd, 4th, and 5th digits are the fingers that the palmar interossei muscles act upon, so the correct answer is 2., 4., and 5. digit.Rate this question:
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- 43.
Is [your statement here] true or false?
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The given answer is "True" because it directly states that the statement is true.Rate this question:
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- 44.
The lumbricals does which action in 2-5 fingers?
- A.
Flexion in the MCP joints
- B.
Flexion in the MCP joints and extension in pip and dip
- C.
Flexion in the MCP and pip
- D.
Extension in the MCP joints and flexion in pip and dip
Correct Answer
B. Flexion in the MCP joints and extension in pip and dipExplanation
The lumbricals are a group of muscles in the hand that originate from the flexor digitorum profundus tendons. They pass through the palm and insert into the extensor expansions of the fingers. When they contract, they flex the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints and extend the proximal and distal interphalangeal (PIP and DIP) joints. Therefore, the correct answer is "Flexion in the MCP joints and extension in pip and dip."Rate this question:
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- 45.
The dorsal interossei adducts and the palmar interossei abducts
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
oppositeRate this question:
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- 46.
The dorsal interossei has origo on all metacarpals
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The dorsal interossei are a group of muscles located between the metacarpal bones in the hand. These muscles have their origin or attachment points on all of the metacarpal bones. Therefore, the statement that the dorsal interossei has origo on all metacarpals is true.Rate this question:
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Current Version
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Mar 22, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Nov 10, 2014Quiz Created by
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