Child Behaviour - Qp1

Explanation
The given statement suggests that popular belief is that children's behavior has changed over time, and the media often claims that it is getting worse. The answer "True" indicates that the statement is accurate and aligns with the popular belief and media claims.

Explanation
The given correct answer states that according to McNamara & Moreton, when secondary school children exhibit challenging behavior, it can often be traced back to behavioral difficulties expressed in their early years.

Explanation
Children with innate specific learning difficulties and even learning differences are not particularly susceptible to behavior that conforms to the norm. In fact, they may exhibit behavior that deviates from the norm due to their unique learning challenges. These children often require specialized support and accommodations to thrive in educational settings. Therefore, the statement that they are particularly susceptible to conforming behavior is false.

Explanation
The statement suggests that attitudes towards disciplining or punishing children differ greatly. This implies that there is no one-size-fits-all approach to how children should be disciplined or punished, and that different cultures, families, and individuals may have contrasting views on the matter. Therefore, it can be inferred that the statement is true.

Explanation
Hoffman (1970) investigated different styles of discipline used by parents and categorized his research findings into three categories: love withdrawal, power assertion, and induction. Love withdrawal refers to a disciplinary approach where parents withhold affection or attention from their child as a form of punishment. Power assertion involves the use of physical or verbal force to control the child's behavior. Induction, on the other hand, focuses on reasoning and explaining the consequences of the child's actions, aiming to teach them about the impact of their behavior on others.

Explanation
The given correct answer is "Permissive". The behavioral profile described in the question, including being rebellious, domineering, aimless, low-achievers, low in self-reliance, low in vitality, and low in self-control, aligns with the characteristics typically associated with children who have permissive parents. Permissive parenting is characterized by a lack of rules, discipline, and structure, allowing the child to have freedom and make their own decisions without much guidance or control from the parents. This lack of parental involvement and boundaries can lead to the development of impulsive and aggressive behaviors in the child.

Explanation
The pro-social, or moral, cognitive development theory proposes that children's understanding of right and wrong is connected to their biological development. This means that as children mature biologically, their ability to comprehend and adhere to moral principles also improves. Therefore, it can be inferred that the statement "The pro-social, or moral, cognitive development theory suggests that children's attitudes to right and wrong are linked to biological maturity" is true.

Explanation
In the moral realism or objectivism stage of cognitive development, children tend to judge actions based on the consequences rather than the intentions behind them. They believe that if an action leads to negative consequences, it is inherently wrong or a "crime." This is because they have not yet developed the ability to understand the complexities of moral reasoning, such as considering intentions or context. Therefore, it is likely that a child in this stage would judge a "crime" based on the size of its consequences.