1.
Psychologists have debated the effects on young children’s development of seeing, hearing and even interacting with content that can be too advanced for their level of maturity.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
Psychologists have indeed debated the effects of exposing young children to content that may be too advanced for their level of maturity. This is because such exposure can potentially have negative impacts on their development. It is important to consider the age-appropriateness of the content children are exposed to in order to ensure their emotional and cognitive well-being.
2.
Projecting our own insecurities or fears onto others is ineffective at allowing us to identify with them from a close distance.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
Projecting our own insecurities or fears onto others is ineffective at allowing us to identify with them from a close distance. This means that when we project our own issues onto others, it hinders our ability to truly understand and connect with them. Instead of empathizing and relating to others, projecting our insecurities only serves to distance ourselves from them. Therefore, the statement is false, as projecting our own insecurities onto others does not help us identify with them from a close distance.
3.
Children’s opinions, attitudes and stereotypes are developing and so in this sense they can be deemed to be extremely vulnerable.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
Children's opinions, attitudes, and stereotypes are developing, which means they are still forming their understanding of the world. This makes them vulnerable to external influences and easily influenced by their surroundings. They may not have the critical thinking skills or life experience to question or challenge these influences, making them more susceptible to manipulation or misinformation. Therefore, it can be said that children's opinions, attitudes, and stereotypes are indeed extremely vulnerable.
4.
Instead of nature or nurture, the ‘interactionist’ angle explores the contribution of both sides.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The interactionist perspective acknowledges that both nature and nurture play a role in shaping human behavior and development. This perspective suggests that the interaction between genetic factors (nature) and environmental influences (nurture) is what ultimately determines an individual's traits and behaviors. This view recognizes that both nature and nurture are interconnected and cannot be separated when trying to understand human development.
5.
______ showed that children could actually learn aggression vicariously, that is, through others and modelling which is also sometimes referred to as ‘social learning’.
Correct Answer
C. Bandura
Explanation
Albert Bandura's research demonstrated that children can learn aggressive behavior by observing others, a process known as vicarious learning or social learning. Bandura's famous Bobo doll experiment showed that children who observed an adult behaving aggressively towards a doll were more likely to imitate the same aggressive behavior. This study provided evidence for the role of modeling in the acquisition of aggression and highlighted the importance of social learning in shaping children's behavior.
6.
Temper tantrums can be quite awesome in range, noise level, inconvenience and effect.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
This statement suggests that temper tantrums can be impressive or remarkable in terms of their range, noise level, inconvenience caused, and the impact they have on others. Therefore, the correct answer is "True" as it agrees with the statement.
7.
Frustration as a trigger for aggression is fuelled by nor-adrenalin; when roused adrenalin surges automatically leaving little time for rational thought.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
Frustration as a trigger for aggression is not fuelled by nor-adrenalin. While it is true that adrenalin surges automatically when roused, this does not necessarily mean that it fuels frustration as a trigger for aggression. The statement implies a direct link between nor-adrenalin and aggression, which is not supported by evidence. Therefore, the correct answer is false.
8.
Very difficult behaviours include: (Select five)
Correct Answer(s)
A. Hitting other children, and adults
B. Kicking
C. Acting dangerously without regard for themselves or others’ safety
D. Setting fires
F. Destroying possessions
Explanation
The correct answer includes hitting other children and adults, kicking, acting dangerously without regard for themselves or others' safety, setting fires, and destroying possessions. These behaviors are considered very difficult because they involve physical aggression, potential harm to oneself and others, and destruction of property.
9.
Punishment has been found to stimulate aggressive behaviour in some circumstances, leading to negative short-term and, long-term consequences with implications for later adult life (Gershoff, 2002).
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The statement is true because research has shown that punishment can indeed stimulate aggressive behavior in certain situations. This can have negative consequences in both the short-term and long-term, with potential implications for an individual's adult life. Gershoff's study in 2002 supports this finding.
10.
To avoid rejection and a potential spiral of failure at school, children could be offered social skills training.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
Children could be offered social skills training to avoid rejection and a potential spiral of failure at school. This training would help them develop the necessary skills to interact with their peers, handle conflicts, and navigate social situations effectively. By improving their social skills, children would be better equipped to form positive relationships, communicate effectively, and manage their emotions. This, in turn, can lead to increased self-confidence, reduced social anxiety, and improved academic performance. Therefore, offering social skills training to children can be a beneficial strategy to prevent negative outcomes and promote their overall well-being.