The Junco exam explores inherited and environmental influences on behaviors in juncos through various experimental setups.
It’s learned, because the males had more exploratory behavior than females.
It’s inherited, because the males had more exploratory behavior than females.
It’s learned, because some of the mountain females’ levels of exploratory behavior were higher than the city females’ levels of behavior.
It’s inherited, because there were significant differences between city and mountain juncos in average exploratory behavior, both for males and for females.
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The number of juncos in each population
The range of wing sizes in each population
The median wing size in each population
The mean wing size in each population
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The City, because the percent white in tail feather is closer to the average of city males.
The City, because it is within the range of likely values for percent white in tail feathers for city juncos and close to the average for city males.
The Mountains, because it is closer to the average and within the range of likely values for percent of white in tail feathers for mountain juncos.
The Mountains, because 37% is greater than 36%, which is the average in the City.
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Conduct a Common Garden Experiment
Measure aggressiveness in ONLY one population.
Compare their physical characteristics
See if the two populations interbreed.
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We can count the mutations that occur in the mtDNA and then compare them between individuals.
If there are a lot of differences, then individuals are more closely related.
If there are a lot of similarities, then individuals are more closely related.
We can count the mutations that occur in the Y chromosome and then compare them between individuals.
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Bolder
Better parents
Produced more CORT
More aggressive
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Passed on their traits
Passed on their genes
Passed on their alleles
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The distance when the bird sees the person.
The distance when the bird makes an alarm call.
The distance when the bird's heart rate increases.
The distance when the bird flies away.
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True
False
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Charles Darwin
Jane Goodall
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
Gregor Mendel
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True
False
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Boldness behavior is inherited.
Boldness behavior is learned.
The UCSD juncos produce more CORT
The Mt. Laguna juncos produce less CORT.
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True
False
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An organism's complete set of genes.
The different forms of a gene.
Used to measure boldness.
Another name for a karyotype.
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True
False
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Genome
Allele
Chromosome
Mitochondria
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True
False
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True
False
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A population can evolve.
A species can evolve
An individual can evolve
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Adaptation
Correlation
Heritable
Variation
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True
False
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True
False
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The extinction of a species
The characteristics of a species
The interbreeding of two species
The formation of new and distinct species
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Are bolder
Produce less offspring
Produce more CORT
Sing at higher frequencies
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Giving them food
Measuring flight initiation distance (FID)
Measuring wing length
Recording how many offspring they produce
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True
False
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True
False
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They produce less CORT
They produce more testosterone
They learned this behavior
They are more aggressive
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Paternity
Maternity
None of the above
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Parent to offspring
Offspring to parent
Sibling to sibling
Parent to grandparent
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True
False
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True
False
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CORT production
Physical traits
Testosterone production
Interbreeding
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True
False
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Male 4
Male 7
Male 13
Male 10
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Mt. Laguna males have longer wings.
UCSD juncos have longer wings.
There is no overlap in wing size between the two populations.
You can not make any claims based off this data.
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The campus was built.
The predators.
The climate.
They didn't want to fly back.
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Mitochondrial DNA
Mutated DNA
Maternal DNA
Ribosomal DNA
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Natural Selection
Migration
Mutation
Sexual Reproduction
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