Biochemistry Basics Of Carbohydrates Quiz
- 1.Which response would reflect an increase in plasma insulin levels?
- A.
A) increase in adipose cell triglyceride synthesis/storage
- B.
B) increased liver glucose release
- C.
C) increases glucagon production
- D.
D) decrease in muscle gylcogen
- E.
E) none of the above
- 2.Which stomach hormone acts on the hypothalamus to promote the sensation of hunger?
- A.
A) leptin
- B.
B) ghrelin
- C.
C) cholecystokinin
- D.
D) peptide YY
- E.
E) insulin
- 3.During aerobic respiration, the transfer of electrons down the electron transport chain ultimately results in the formation of?
- A.
A) oxygen
- B.
B) glucose
- C.
C) water
- D.
D) pyruvate
- E.
E) none of the above
- 4.Which form of cholesterol transport is most closely associated with a lowered risk of atherosclerosis and therefore considered to be a "good" cholesterol?
- A.
A) high density lipoprotein (HDL)
- B.
B) chylomicrons
- C.
C) low density lipoproteins (LDL)
- D.
D) very low density lipoproteins (VLDL)
- E.
E) monoglycerides
- 5.The testicular cells that produce testosterone are the:
- A.
A) Sertoli cells
- B.
B) spermatogonia
- C.
C) sustentacular cells
- D.
D) interstitial (Leydig) cells
- E.
E) none of the above
- 6.Sertoli cells of the testis are principally regulated by which hormone?
- A.
A) growth hormone (GH)
- B.
B) thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
- C.
C) luteinizing hormone (LH)
- D.
D) human chorionic hormone (hCG)
- E.
E) follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
- 7.According to the two-cell mechanism of follicular estrogen synthesis,
- A.
A) Granulosa cells synthesize an androgen which the theca cells covert to estrogen
- B.
B) Sertoli cells synthesize an androgen which the granulosa cells convert to dihydrotestosterone
- C.
C) Theca cells synthesize an androgen which luteal cells convert to estrogen
- D.
D) Production of progesterone by the corpus luteum requires cooperative interaction between two cell types
- E.
E) Theca cells synthesize an androgen which the granulosa cells convert to estrogen
- 8.Beginning on the first day of the menstrual cycle, the order of the events in the uterus is?
- A.
A) proliferative, secretory, menstrual phase
- B.
B) secretory, proliferative, menstrual phase
- C.
C) menstrual, secretory, proliferative phases
- D.
D) menstrual, proliferative, secretory phases
- E.
E) secretory, menstrual, proliferative phases
- 9.In the process of ovulation what is actually ejected from the ovary?
- A.
A) primary oocyte
- B.
B) secondary oocyte
- C.
C) ovum
- D.
D) oogonium
- E.
E) none of the above
- 10.The implanting blastocyst "rescues" the corpus luteum by?
- A.
A) secreting large quantities of FSH and LH
- B.
B) secreting GnRH, which stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete FSH and LH
- C.
C) secreting chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
- D.
D) secreting progesterone and estrogen
- E.
E) all of the above
- 11.An obstruction of the common bile duct would have which effect?
- A.
A) elevated blood chylomicron levels
- B.
B) presence of bile salts in the large intestine
- C.
C) decreased secretion of cholecystokinin
- D.
D) production of feces containing undigested fats
- E.
E) none of the above
- 12.Which class of enzymes produces glucose from complex carbohydrates?
- A.
A) carboxypeptidase
- B.
B) amylase
- C.
C) trypsin
- D.
D) lipase
- E.
E) ribonuclease
- 13.Nutrients from the small intestine are transported to the liver via which major blood vessel?
- A.
A) celiac artery
- B.
B) superior mesentreric artery
- C.
C) inferior mesenteric artery
- D.
D) hepatic portal vein
- E.
E) hepatic artery
- 14.Which area if the gastrointestinal tract is the primary site of fluid reabsorption that compensates for the large daily fluid production (approximately 10 L)?
- A.
A) esophagus
- B.
B) stomach
- C.
C) small intestine
- D.
D) colon
- E.
E) rectum
- 15.Which organ is important to carbohydrate and lipid metabolism because its cells can store both carbohydrate (as glycogen) and lipids (as triglycerides)?
- A.
A) stomach
- B.
B) large intestine
- C.
C) pancreas
- D.
D) liver
- E.
E) gall bladder
- 16.The lipoproteins that are transported away from the small intestine via the lacteals are termed?
- A.
A) triglycerides
- B.
B) monoglycerides and fatty acids
- C.
C) chylomicrons
- D.
D) pinocytotic vesicles
- E.
E) LDLs
- 17.Which organ actually produces most of the enzymes required for digestion?
- A.
A) stomach
- B.
B) small intestine
- C.
C) pancreas
- D.
D) liver
- E.
E) gall bladder
- 18.All of the following are normal functions of hepatocytes EXCEPT?
- A.
A) synthesis and breakdown of glycogen
- B.
B) degradation and conjugation of drugs or toxins
- C.
C) endocytosis of chylomicrons
- D.
D) synthesis and secretion of immunoglobulins
- E.
E) synthesis and secretion of bile acids
- 19.The function of the colon is to absorb:
- A.
A) vitamins
- B.
B) water
- C.
C) fats
- D.
D) carbohydrates
- E.
E) proteins
- 20.The sum total of all the chemical reactions necessary to maintain life is termed:
- A.
A) anabolism
- B.
B) metabolism
- C.
C) catabolism
- D.
D) cannibalism
- E.
E) none of the above
- 21.Based on the greatest amount of energy (ATP) produced per mole of glucose, the most important pathway in the process of cellular respiration is:
- A.
A) glycolysis
- B.
B) Krebs cycle
- C.
C) oxidative phosphorylation
- D.
D) Acetyl CoA
- E.
E) none of the above
- 22.Gluconeogenesis is an anabolic process in which:
- A.
A) glycogen is broken down into glucose
- B.
B) glycogen is formed
- C.
C) glucose is formed from noncarbohydrate sources
- D.
D) glucose is converted into CO2 and water
- E.
E) none of the above
- 23.Where doe glycolysis take place?
- A.
A) mitrochondrial inner membrane
- B.
B) cell cytoplasm
- C.
C) mitochondrial matrix
- D.
D) cell nucleus
- E.
E) mitochondrial outer membrane
- 24.What would be the overall effect on the liver of a decrease in plasma [insulin] accompanied by increases in glucagon, epinephrine, and sympathetic nervous system activity?
- A.
A) increase glycogenolysis
- B.
B) decreased glycogenolysis
- C.
C) decreased gluconeogenesis
- D.
D) decrease lipolysis
- E.
E) decreased proteolysis
- 25.The lipoproteins that remove cholesterol from the tissues are?
- A.
A) chylomicrons
- B.
B) lipoprotein lipases
- C.
C) VLDLs
- D.
D) LDLs
- E.
E) HDLs
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