NCLEX Mock Test

Green vegetables and liver contain the highest concentration of folic acid. Folic acid is commonly found in leafy green vegetables such as spinach, kale, and broccoli. Liver, especially chicken liver, is also a good source of folic acid. Yellow vegetables and red meat may contain some folic acid, but not as much as green vegetables and liver. Carrots and milk do not have a high concentration of folic acid.

The primary responsibility of the charge nurse for a fifty-year-old blind and deaf patient is to provide a secure environment for the patient. Given the patient's deficits, it is crucial to ensure their safety and well-being by creating a secure and comfortable environment. This includes measures such as removing potential hazards, ensuring clear pathways, and implementing appropriate safety protocols. By prioritizing the patient's security, the charge nurse can contribute to their overall care and promote a positive healthcare experience.

Rho gam is most often used to treat RH negative mothers that have a RH positive infant. This is because when an RH negative mother carries an RH positive baby, there is a risk of the mother's immune system developing antibodies against the baby's blood cells. Rho gam is a medication that helps prevent this immune response, ensuring the health and well-being of both the mother and the baby.

Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. It is most commonly caused by bacteria and viruses. S. pneumonia, H. influenza, and N. meningitis are all well-known pathogens that have been linked to meningitis in humans. However, Cl. difficile is a bacterium that is primarily associated with causing gastrointestinal infections, such as diarrhea and colitis, and it is not typically associated with meningitis.

Oily skin is not associated with Down's syndrome. Down's syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21. It is characterized by certain physical features and developmental delays. Some common characteristics of Down's syndrome include a simian crease (a single crease across the palm), brachycephaly (a short and wide head shape), and hypotonicity (low muscle tone). However, oily skin is not typically associated with Down's syndrome.

The most important action for the nursing student to take after suffering a needlestick while working with an AIDS-positive patient is to start prophylactic AZT treatment. AZT, or zidovudine, is an antiretroviral medication that can help prevent the transmission of HIV. By starting this treatment immediately, the nursing student can reduce the risk of developing HIV infection. Seeking counseling or seeing a social worker may be necessary for emotional support, but starting AZT treatment is the most crucial step to prevent infection. Prophylactic Pentamide treatment is not relevant in this scenario.

During pregnancy, the mother's immune system must adapt to protect both herself and the developing fetus. IgG is the only immunoglobulin that can cross the placenta from the mother to the fetus, providing passive immunity to the baby. This transfer of IgG antibodies helps protect the fetus against various infections that the mother has encountered in the past, offering vital protection until the baby's own immune system develops. IgA, IgD, and IgE do not cross the placenta, so they do not provide direct protection to the fetus. Therefore, the correct answer is IgG.

Aspirin does not cause urine discoloration. While levodopa, phenolphthalein, and sulfasalazine can all cause changes in urine color, aspirin does not have this effect.

The correct answer is the life span of RBC is 120 days. Red blood cells (RBCs) are responsible for carrying oxygen to the body's tissues. They have a limited lifespan and are constantly being produced and destroyed in the body. The average lifespan of RBCs is approximately 120 days, after which they are removed from the bloodstream by the spleen and liver. This turnover of RBCs ensures that the body maintains a healthy supply of oxygen-carrying cells.

Given the history of a 14-year-old girl with a low BMI, inability to eat, induced vomiting, and severe constipation, the most likely suspect would be anorexia nervosa. Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by a distorted body image, an intense fear of gaining weight, and severe restrictions in food intake. The symptoms described align with the typical behaviors and physical manifestations associated with anorexia nervosa. Systemic sclerosis, bulimia, and multiple sclerosis are not typically associated with the reported symptoms.

PKU (Phenylketonuria) is a genetic disorder that affects the body's ability to break down an amino acid called phenylalanine. If left untreated, the buildup of phenylalanine can lead to intellectual disability and other neurological problems. The effects of PKU are not reversible, meaning that once the damage is done, it cannot be undone. Therefore, the statement "The effects of PKU are reversible" is not correct.

Streptokinase is the most likely medication to be administered to a patient who has recently experienced a myocardial infarction (MI) within the last 4 hours. Streptokinase is a thrombolytic medication that works by dissolving blood clots and restoring blood flow to the heart. It is commonly used in the early stages of an MI to prevent further damage to the heart muscle. Atropine is used to treat certain heart rhythm disorders and is not typically indicated for an acute MI. Acetaminophen is a pain reliever and does not address the underlying cause of an MI. Coumadin is an anticoagulant medication used for long-term prevention of blood clots, but it is not typically used immediately after an MI.

Corgard should be removed from the refrigerator's contents because it is not a drug that requires refrigeration. Humulin and Epogen are both injections that may need to be stored in the refrigerator. Urokinase is also a drug that may require refrigeration. However, Corgard does not need to be refrigerated, so it should be removed from the refrigerator.

Based on the given information, the most likely suspect would be hypercalcaemia. The patient's symptoms of confusion, intense abdominal pain, and polyuria are consistent with hypercalcaemia, which is a condition characterized by high levels of calcium in the blood. This condition can occur in patients with myeloma, as the cancer cells can release substances that increase calcium levels. Additionally, constipation can be a symptom of hypercalcaemia. Diverticulosis, hypocalcaemia, and irritable bowel syndrome do not align with the patient's symptoms and medical history, making them less likely suspects.

Weight gain is the most likely clinical sign to be present in an infant with a congenital heart defect. This is because congenital heart defects can cause the heart to work harder to pump blood, leading to fluid retention and weight gain. Slow pulse rate may be seen in some heart defects, but it is not the most likely sign. Decreased systolic pressure may be present in severe cases, but it is not as specific as weight gain. Irregular WBC lab values are not directly related to congenital heart defects.

Autonomic neuropathy is the most likely cause for the inability to urinate in this case. Autonomic neuropathy is a complication of diabetes that affects the nerves controlling involuntary bodily functions, including bladder function. This can lead to problems with emptying the bladder properly, resulting in urinary retention. Atherosclerosis, diabetic nephropathy, and somatic neuropathy are not directly related to urinary issues.

Coughing following bronchodilator utilization would be the best instruction for this patient. Bronchodilators help to relax and open up the airways, making it easier for the patient to breathe. Coughing after using a bronchodilator can help to clear any mucus or secretions that may have been loosened, further improving the patient's ability to breathe easily.

In the acute management of a patient who has taken an overdose of aspirin, the nurse should closely monitor for Parkinson's disease type symptoms. Aspirin overdose can lead to salicylate toxicity, which can cause neurologic symptoms resembling Parkinson's disease. These symptoms may include tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia, and altered mental status. Monitoring for these symptoms is important in order to provide appropriate interventions and prevent further complications.

The given answer, "McDonalds at Bugis Junction," suggests that the first meeting took place at that specific location. It implies that the individuals involved met at the McDonalds branch located in Bugis Junction.

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Nitrodur has not been associated with photosensitive reactions.

Coumadin and Finasteride would be contraindicated if the patient were pregnant. Coumadin is an anticoagulant that can cause birth defects and bleeding in the fetus. Finasteride is a medication used to treat enlarged prostate and male pattern hair loss, but it can also cause birth defects in male fetuses if taken by pregnant women. Therefore, both of these medications should be avoided during pregnancy to ensure the safety of the fetus.