NCLEX License Exam: Fluids And Electrolytes Practice Test
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Below are Fluids and Electrolytes NCLEX Practice Trivia Questions. If you are practicing to become a nurse, you need to have some information regarding fluids and electrolytes in the human body and how the food and fluids we take up come into play. By taking this quiz, you will get to learn some new facts about all this. Do give it a try!
- 1.
- A.
Hyponatremia
- B.
Hypocalcemia
- C.
Hyperkalemia
- D.
Hypermagnesemia
- 2.
- A.
50-year-old with pneumonia, diaphoresis, and high fevers
- B.
62-year-old with congestive heart failure taking loop diuretics
- C.
39-year-old with diarrhea and vomiting
- D.
60-year-old with lung cancer and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)
- 3.
- A.
Request a physical therapy consult from the physician
- B.
Ensure the client is safe from falls and check the most recent potassium level
- C.
Allow uninterrupted rest periods throughout the day
- D.
Encourage the client to increase intake of dairy products and green leafy vegetables.
- 4.
- A.
Urine output.
- B.
Blood pressure.
- C.
Bowel movements.
- D.
ECG for tall, peaked T waves.
- 5.
- A.
Call the physician and report results
- B.
Question the results and redraw the specimen
- C.
Encourage the client to increase the intake of bananas
- D.
Initiate seizure precautions
- 6.
- A.
Absent patellar reflex
- B.
Diarrhea
- C.
Premature ventricular contractions
- D.
Increase in blood pressure
- 7.
- A.
Assess for depressed deep tendon reflexes
- B.
Call the physician to report calcium level
- C.
Place an intravenous catheter in anticipation of administering calcium gluconate
- D.
Check to see if a serum albumin level is available
- 8.
- A.
Administer an antiemetic prior to giving the digoxin
- B.
Encourage the client to increase fluid intake
- C.
Call the physician
- D.
Report the urine output
- E.
Report indications of nausea
- 9.
- A.
Provide passive ROM exercises and encourage fluid intake
- B.
Teach the client to increase intake of whole grains and nuts
- C.
Place a tracheostomy tray at the bedside
- D.
Administer calcium gluconate IM as ordered
- 10.
- A.
"The client may be suffering from dementia, and the hospitalization has worsened the confusion."
- B.
"Most older adults get confused in the hospital."
- C.
"The sodium level is low, and the confusion will resolve as the levels normalize."
- D.
"The sodium level is high and the behavior is a result of dehydration."
- 11.
- A.
Turn down the infusion
- B.
Check the latest sodium level
- C.
Assess for signs of fluid overload
- D.
Place a call to the physician
- 12.
- A.
Bisacodyl (Dulcolax) suppository
- B.
Fiber supplements
- C.
Docusate sodium
- D.
Milk of magnesia
- 13.
- A.
Encourage the client to increase fluid intake
- B.
Administer the dose as ordered
- C.
Draw a potassium level and administer the dose if the level is low or normal
- D.
Notify the physician of the urine output and hold the dose
- 14.
- A.
A client with osteoporosis taking vitamin D and calcium supplements
- B.
A client who is alcoholic receiving total parenteral nutrition
- C.
A client with chronic renal failure awaiting the first dialysis run
- D.
A client with hypoparathyroidism secondary to thyroid surgery
- 15.
- A.
Eggs
- B.
Broccoli
- C.
Organ meats
- D.
Nuts
- E.
Canned salmon
- 16.
- A.
Sodium
- B.
Phosphorus
- C.
Calcium
- D.
Magnesium
- 17.
- A.
Increase intake of dairy products and nuts
- B.
Take aluminum-based antacids such as aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel) with or after meals
- C.
Reduce intake of chocolate, meats, and whole grains
- D.
Avoid calcium supplements
- 18.
- A.
Administer a sedative
- B.
Place client in left lateral position
- C.
Place client in high-Fowler's position
- D.
Assist the client to breathe into a paper bag
- 19.
- A.
Call the physician and report the change in client's condition
- B.
Turn the client's O2 up to 4 liters nasal cannula
- C.
Encourage the client to sit down and to take deep breaths
- D.
Encourage the client to rest and to use pursed-lip breathing technique
- 20.
- A.
D5.45 NS at 50 ml/hr
- B.
0.9 NS at an open rate
- C.
D5W at 125 ml/hr
- D.
0.45 NS at open rate
- 21.
- A.
PH of 7.43, PCO2 of 36, HCO3 of 26
- B.
PH of 7.41, PCO2 of 49, HCO3 of 30
- C.
PH of 7.33, PCO2 of 35, HCO3 of 17
- D.
PH of 7.25, PCO2 of 56, HCO3 of 28
- 22.
- A.
Respiratory alkalosis
- B.
Respiratory acidosis
- C.
Metabolic alkalosis
- D.
Metabolic acidosis
- 23.
- A.
Monitor intake and output
- B.
Encourage client to increase activity
- C.
Institute deep breathing exercises every hour
- D.
Provide reassurance to the client and administer sedatives
- 24.
- A.
Deep tendon reflexes decreasing from +2 to +1
- B.
Bicarbonate rising from 20 mEq/L to 22 mEq/L
- C.
Urine pH less than 6
- D.
Serum potassium decreasing from 6.0 mEq/L to 4.5 mEq/L
- 25.
- A.
"The fluid is an adverse reaction to chemotherapy."
- B.
"A decrease in activity has allowed extra fluid to accumulate in the tissues."
- C.
"Poor nutrition has caused decreased blood protein levels, and fluid has moved from the blood vessels into the tissues."
- D.
"Chemotherapy has increased your blood pressure, and fluid was forced out into the tissues."
- 26.
- A.
Bone pain
- B.
Depressed deep tendon reflexes
- C.
Positive Chvostek's sign
- D.
Nausea
- 27.
- A.
Deficient fluid volume related to decreased fluid intake
- B.
Excess fluid volume related to increased water retention
- C.
Deficient fluid volume related to excessive fluid loss
- D.
Risk for injury related to fluid volume loss
- 28.
- A.
Assess a client for metabolic acidosis
- B.
Evaluate the blood gases of a client with respiratory alkalosis
- C.
Obtain a glucose level on a client admitted with diabetes mellitus
- D.
Perform a neurological assessment on a client suspected of having hypocalcemia
- 29.
- A.
Withhold furosemide (Lasix)
- B.
Notify the physician
- C.
Administer the prescribed potassium supplement
- D.
Instruct the client on foods high in potassium
- 30.
- A.
Acute renal failure.
- B.
Malabsorption syndrome.
- C.
Nasogastric drainage.
- D.
Laxative abuse
- 31.
- A.
Pretzels
- B.
Baked chicken
- C.
Chicken bouillon
- D.
Baked potato
- E.
Baked ham
- 32.The nurse assesses a client to be experiencing muscle cramps, numbness, and tingling of the extremities, and twitching of the facial muscle and eyelid when the facial nerve is tapped. THe nurse reports this assessment as consistent with which of the following?
- A.
Hypokalemia
- B.
Hypernatremia
- C.
Hypermagnesemia
- D.
Hypocalcemia
- 33.
- A.
Sodium is essential to maintain intracellular fluid water balance
- B.
Magnesium is essential to the function of muscle, red blood cells, and nervous system
- C.
Less calcium is excreted with aging
- D.
Chloride is lost in hydrochloride acid
- 34.
- A.
Baked cod
- B.
Ham and cheese omelet
- C.
Fried eggs
- D.
Baked potato
- E.
Spinach
- 35.
- A.
A client who has chronic alcoholism and a magnesium level of 1.3 mEq/L
- B.
A client who has hyperthyroidism and a magnesium level of 1.6 mEq/L
- C.
A client who has renal failure, takes antacids, and has a magnesium level of 2.9 mEq/L
- D.
A client who has congestive heart disease, takes a diuretic, and has a magnesium level of 2.3 mEq/L
- 36.
- A.
A client with osteoporosis and a calcium level of 10.6 mg/dl
- B.
A client with renal failure and a magnesium level of 2.5 mEq/L
- C.
A client with bulimia and a potassium level of 3.6 mEq/L
- D.
A client with dehydration and a sodium level of 149 mEq/L
- 37.
- A.
A client who has been experiencing diarrhea and has a serum chloride level of 100 mEq/L
- B.
A client with renal failure who has a serum magnesium level of 3.0 mEq/L
- C.
A client who has experienced a fracture of the femur and has a serum phosphate of 5.0 mg/dl
- D.
A client with dehydration who has a serum sodium level of 128 mEq/L
- 38.
- A.
Overhydration.
- B.
Anemia.
- C.
Dehydration.
- D.
Renal failure.
- 39.
- A.
The pump keeps sounding an alarm that the high pressure has been reached.
- B.
Intake is 1800 mL, NGT output is 550 mL, and Foley output 950 mL.
- C.
On auscultation, crackles and rales in all lung fields are noted.
- D.
Client has negative pedal edema and an increasing level of consciousness.
- 40.
- A.
500 mL
- B.
1000 mL
- C.
2000 mL
- D.
4400 mL
- 41.
- A.
Change the IV fluid from 0.9% NS to D5W.
- B.
Restrict the client's sodium in the diet.
- C.
Monitor blood glucose levels.
- D.
Prepare the client for hemodialysis.
- 42.
- A.
Encourage fluids orally.
- B.
Administer 10% saline solution IVPB.
- C.
Administer antidiuretic hormone intranasally.
- D.
Place on seizure precautions.
- 43.
- A.
The client in normal sinus rhythm with a peaked T wave.
- B.
The client diagnosed with atrial fibrillation with a rate of 100.
- C.
The client diagnosed with a myocardial infarction who has occasional PVC.
- D.
The client with a first-degree AV block and a rate of 92.
- 44.
- A.
Notify the health care provider immediately.
- B.
Tap the cheek about two (2) centimeters anterior to the ear lobe.
- C.
Check the serum calcium and magnesium levels.
- D.
Prepare to administer calcium gluconate IVP.
- 45.
- A.
The kidneys produce excess urine and the lungs try to compensate.
- B.
The respirations increase the amount of carbon dioxide in the bloodstream.
- C.
The lungs speed up to release carbon dioxide and increase the pH.
- D.
The shallow and slow respirations will increase the HCO3 in the serum.
- 46.
- A.
Place the solution on an IV pump at the prescribed rate.
- B.
Monitor blood glucose every six (6) hours.
- C.
Weigh the client weekly, first thing in the morning.
- D.
Change the IV tubing every three (3) days.
- E.
Monitor intake and output every shift.
- 47.
- A.
Start a new IV in the right hand.
- B.
Discontinue the intravenous line.
- C.
Complete an incident record.
- D.
Place a warm washrag over the site.
- 48.
- A.
Measure the client's output from the indwelling catheter.
- B.
Record the client's intake and output on the I & O sheet.
- C.
Instruct the client on appropriate fluid restrictions.
- D.
Provide water for a client diagnosed with diabetes insipidus.
- 49.
- A.
Serum calcium.
- B.
Serum phosphorus.
- C.
Serum potassium.
- D.
Serum sodium.
- 50.
- A.
The skin
- B.
Urinary output
- C.
Wound drainage
- D.
The gastrointestinal tract
- 51.
- A.
A client with a colostomy
- B.
A client with congestive heart failure
- C.
A client with decreased kidney function
- D.
A client receiving frequent wound irrigations
- 52.
- A.
Lung congestion
- B.
Decreased hematocrit
- C.
Increased blood pressure
- D.
Decreased central venous pressure (CVP)
- 53.A nurse is assigned to care for a group of clients. On review of the clients' medical records, the nurse determines that which client is at risk for excess fluid volume?
- A.
The client taking diuretics
- B.
The client with renal failure
- C.
The client with an ileostomy
- D.
The client who requires gastrointestinal suctioning
- 54.
- A.
Weight loss
- B.
Flat neck and hand veins
- C.
An increase in blood pressure
- D.
A decreased central venous pressure (CVP)
- 55.
- A.
Has renal failure.
- B.
Requires nasogastric suction.
- C.
Has a history of Addison's disease.
- D.
Is taking a potassium-sparing diuretic.
- 56.
- A.
U waves
- B.
Absent P waves
- C.
Elevated T waves
- D.
Elevated ST segment
- 57.
- A.
Obtaining a controlled IV infusion pump
- B.
Monitoring urine output during administration
- C.
Diluting in appropriate amount of normal saline
- D.
Preparing the medication for bolus administration
- 58.A nurse instructs a client at risk for hypokalemia about the foods high in potassium that should be included in the daily diet. The nurse determines that the client understands the food sources of potassium if the client states that the food item lowest in potassium is:
- A.
Apples
- B.
Carrots
- C.
Spinach
- D.
Avocado
- 59.
- A.
The client with colitis
- B.
The client with Cushing's syndrome
- C.
The client who has been overusing laxatives
- D.
The client who has sustained a traumatic burn
- 60.
- A.
ST depression
- B.
Inverted T wave
- C.
Prominent U wave
- D.
Tall peaked T waves
- 61.
- A.
The client with renal failure
- B.
The client who is taking diuretics
- C.
The client with hyperaldosteronism
- D.
The client who is taking corticosteroids
- 62.
- A.
Dry skin
- B.
Decreased urinary output
- C.
Hyperactive bowel sounds
- D.
Increased specific gravity of the urine
- 63.
- A.
Tap water
- B.
Sterile water
- C.
Sodium chloride
- D.
Distilled water
- 64.
- A.
Peas
- B.
Cauliflower
- C.
Low-fat yogurt
- D.
Processed oat cereals
- 65.
- A.
Prolonged bed rest
- B.
Renal insufficiency
- C.
Hyperparathyroidism
- D.
Excessive ingestion of vitamin D
- 66.
- A.
Twitching
- B.
Negative Trousseau's sign
- C.
Hypoactive bowel sounds
- D.
Hypoactive deep tendon reflexes
- 67.
- A.
Widened T wave
- B.
Prominent U wave
- C.
Prolonged QT interval
- D.
Shortened ST segment
- 68.
- A.
Prominent U waves
- B.
Prolonged PR interval
- C.
Depressed ST segment
- D.
Widened QRS complexes
- 69.
- A.
Alcoholism
- B.
Renal insufficiency
- C.
Hypoparathyroidism
- D.
Tumor lysis syndrome
- 70.
- A.
Peas
- B.
Oranges
- C.
Cauliflower
- D.
Peanut butter
- E.
Canned white tuna
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