NCDCC First Aid Proficiency Badge Written Assessment Test
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Read the following questions and choose the most appropriate answer represented by A, B, C or D. (1 mark per question)
Questions and Answers
- 1.
A The four main pressure points listed in the picture are:
- A.
1.Carotid, 2.Subclavian, 3.Brachial and 4.Femoral
- B.
1.Brachial, 2.Carotid, 3.Subclavian and 4.Femoral
- C.
1.Brachial, 2.Subclavian, 3.Fermoral and 4.Carotid
- D.
1.Brachial, 2.Fermoral, 3.Subclavian and 4.Carotid
Correct Answer
A. 1.Carotid, 2.Subclavian, 3.Brachial and 4.FemoralExplanation
The correct answer is 1.Carotid, 2.Subclavian, 3.Brachial and 4.Femoral. This is because the carotid artery is located in the neck, the subclavian artery is located under the collarbone, the brachial artery is located in the upper arm, and the femoral artery is located in the thigh. These are all major arteries in the body where the pulse can be felt and pressure can be applied if necessary.Rate this question:
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- 2.
What must NOT be done when someone is impaled by a foreign object?
- A.
Call 995 immediately.
- B.
Give constant assurances to the casualty.
- C.
Attempt to pull out the impaled object.
- D.
Do not give the casualty anything to eat or drink.
Correct Answer
C. Attempt to pull out the impaled object.Explanation
When someone is impaled by a foreign object, attempting to pull out the impaled object must not be done. This is because pulling out the object can cause further damage and increase bleeding. It is important to leave the object in place and seek immediate medical assistance by calling 995. Giving constant assurances to the casualty and not giving them anything to eat or drink are also important actions to take in this situation.Rate this question:
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- 3.
An arterial haemorrhage is characterized by ___________ .
- A.
Oozing of blood
- B.
Dark red deoxygenated blood
- C.
Profused gushing of dark red blood
- D.
Richly oxygenated blood that is bright red and spurting out
Correct Answer
D. Richly oxygenated blood that is bright red and spurting outExplanation
An arterial hemorrhage is characterized by richly oxygenated blood that is bright red and spurting out. Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart, so when there is a hemorrhage in an artery, the blood that is lost will be bright red in color due to its oxygen content. Additionally, the blood will be spurting out forcefully due to the high pressure within the arteries. This is in contrast to venous hemorrhages, where the blood is dark red and may ooze or flow steadily, as veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart.Rate this question:
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- 4.
In the case of an arterial haemorrhage from the thigh, you should apply pressure on the _____________________.
- A.
Carotid pressure point
- B.
Brachial pressure point
- C.
Femoral pressure point
- D.
Subclavian pressure point
Correct Answer
C. Femoral pressure pointExplanation
In the case of an arterial haemorrhage from the thigh, applying pressure on the femoral pressure point is the correct action to take. The femoral artery runs through the thigh and is a major blood vessel. Applying pressure on this point can help to control the bleeding and prevent further complications.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Which of the following are signs and symptoms of a fracture?
- A.
Blisters, mottled skin, hoarseness.
- B.
Sweating, low blood pressure, pain.
- C.
Joint tenderness, loss of movement, crepitus.
- D.
Restlessness, thread-like pulse, shallow, rapid breathing.
Correct Answer
C. Joint tenderness, loss of movement, crepitus.Explanation
The signs and symptoms of a fracture include joint tenderness, loss of movement, and crepitus. Joint tenderness refers to pain or discomfort in the affected joint, which can be a result of the bone fracture. Loss of movement occurs when the fracture restricts the normal range of motion in the affected area. Crepitus refers to a grating or grinding sensation or sound that occurs when the broken ends of the bone rub against each other. These signs and symptoms are indicative of a fracture and require medical attention.Rate this question:
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- 6.
A clean cut from a sharp edge is known as a/an __________.
- A.
Incision
- B.
Abrasion
- C.
Contusion
- D.
Laceration
Correct Answer
A. IncisionExplanation
An incision refers to a clean cut made by a sharp edge. It is a deliberate and controlled cut that results in a smooth and straight wound. This is different from an abrasion, which is a superficial scrape, a contusion, which is a bruise, and a laceration, which is a jagged and irregular tear in the skin.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Which of the following is not a sign or symptom of a fracture?
- A.
Swelling.
- B.
Deformity.
- C.
Breathlessness.
- D.
Loss of movement.
Correct Answer
C. Breathlessness.Explanation
Breathlessness is not a sign or symptom of a fracture because it typically indicates a problem with the respiratory system, such as difficulty breathing or shortness of breath. Swelling, deformity, and loss of movement are common signs of a fracture, as they can result from the injury causing damage to the bones, muscles, and surrounding tissues. However, breathlessness is not directly related to a fracture and may suggest a different underlying issue.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Which type of burns may induce cardiac arrest?
- A.
Thermal burns.
- B.
Electrical burns.
- C.
Chemical burns.
- D.
None of the above.
Correct Answer
B. Electrical burns.Explanation
Electrical burns can induce cardiac arrest because the electrical current can disrupt the normal electrical signals in the heart, leading to arrhythmias and potentially causing the heart to stop beating. Thermal burns and chemical burns do not directly affect the heart in the same way.Rate this question:
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- 9.
A torn or lacerated wound can be identified as __________ .
- A.
Bleeding under skin
- B.
A clean cut caused by sharp cutting instruments
- C.
Large in area and caused by sharp cutting instruments
- D.
Jagged edges caused by machinery, claws of animals, etc
Correct Answer
D. Jagged edges caused by machinery, claws of animals, etcExplanation
A torn or lacerated wound can be identified by jagged edges caused by machinery, claws of animals, etc. This type of wound occurs when the skin and underlying tissues are forcefully torn apart or cut irregularly, resulting in a jagged or ragged wound edge. Unlike a clean cut caused by sharp cutting instruments, a torn or lacerated wound has uneven edges due to the tearing or ripping of the skin.Rate this question:
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- 10.
The blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart are called ____________ .
- A.
Veins
- B.
Valves
- C.
Arteries
- D.
Capillaries
Correct Answer
A. VeinsExplanation
Veins are the blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart. They have thin walls and contain valves that help prevent the backflow of blood. Arteries, on the other hand, carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the rest of the body. Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels that connect arteries and veins, allowing for the exchange of nutrients and waste products. Therefore, the correct answer is veins.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Which type of soft tissue injury has the upper most layer of skin scraped away?
- A.
Incision
- B.
Avulsion
- C.
Abrasion
- D.
Laceration
Correct Answer
C. AbrasionExplanation
An abrasion is a type of soft tissue injury where the uppermost layer of the skin is scraped away. This can occur due to friction or rubbing against a rough surface. Unlike an incision, which is a clean cut made with a sharp object, an abrasion is characterized by a superficial wound with irregular edges. Avulsion refers to the tearing away of a body part, while a laceration is a deep cut or tear in the skin.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Applying pressure on the carotid pressure point prevents blood from flowing to the_____________.
- A.
Head
- B.
Lower limbs
- C.
Whole body
- D.
Upper and lower arms
Correct Answer
A. HeadExplanation
Applying pressure on the carotid pressure point can temporarily restrict blood flow to the head. The carotid arteries are major blood vessels that supply oxygenated blood to the brain. By applying pressure to these arteries, blood flow can be partially or completely blocked, leading to a decrease in blood supply to the head. This can result in dizziness, loss of consciousness, and even temporary brain function impairment.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Which type of burns destroy tissue through protein coagulation?
- A.
Thermal burns.
- B.
Electrical burns.
- C.
Chemical burns.
- D.
None of the above.
Correct Answer
C. Chemical burns.Explanation
Chemical burns destroy tissue through protein coagulation. When a chemical comes into contact with the skin or any other part of the body, it can cause a reaction that leads to the coagulation or denaturation of proteins. This can result in the destruction of tissue and potentially severe damage. Thermal burns, on the other hand, are caused by heat sources such as fire or hot objects, while electrical burns are caused by electric current passing through the body. None of these types of burns specifically involve protein coagulation.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Which of the following is not an open wound?
- A.
Incision
- B.
Contusion
- C.
Amputation
- D.
Evisceration
Correct Answer
B. ContusionExplanation
A contusion is not an open wound because it is a closed wound. A contusion, also known as a bruise, occurs when there is blunt force trauma to the body, causing damage to the blood vessels underneath the skin. However, the skin remains intact, and there is no break in the skin. In contrast, an incision, amputation, and evisceration are all open wounds where the skin is broken, and there is exposure of underlying tissues.Rate this question:
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- 15.
What kind of wound occurs when a large amount of force impacts on arteries and veins close to skin?
- A.
Abrasion.
- B.
Contusion.
- C.
Laceration.
- D.
Haematoma.
Correct Answer
D. Haematoma.Explanation
A haematoma is a type of wound that occurs when a large amount of force impacts on arteries and veins close to the skin. This force causes blood to accumulate and pool in the surrounding tissue, resulting in a localized swelling or bruise. Unlike abrasions, contusions, and lacerations, which involve damage to the skin surface, a haematoma specifically refers to the collection of blood within the tissue.Rate this question:
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- 16.
________ is the cracking sound made by the movement of broken bone ends.
- A.
Crepitus
- B.
Distension
- C.
Aggravation
- D.
Discolouration
Correct Answer
A. CrepitusExplanation
Crepitus is the correct answer because it refers to the cracking sound that occurs when broken bone ends move. This sound is produced due to friction between the rough surfaces of the broken bones. Distension refers to the swelling or enlargement of a body part, aggravation refers to the worsening or intensification of a condition, and discolouration refers to a change in color. None of these terms accurately describe the cracking sound made by the movement of broken bone ends.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Which of the following should you treat first?
- A.
Second degree burn.
- B.
Fracture on arm.
- C.
Arterial haemorrhage.
- D.
Venous haemorrhage.
Correct Answer
C. Arterial haemorrhage.Explanation
Arterial hemorrhage should be treated first because it involves the bleeding of an artery, which carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the body. Arterial bleeding is usually more severe and can lead to life-threatening situations if not addressed immediately. Fracture on the arm and second-degree burn, while painful and requiring attention, do not pose an immediate threat to life. Venous hemorrhage involves the bleeding of a vein, which carries deoxygenated blood back to the heart, and is typically less severe than arterial bleeding.Rate this question:
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- 18.
“Characterized by red or mottled skin, often with blisters”. Which degree of burn does this description belong to?
- A.
First degree burn.
- B.
Second degree burn.
- C.
Third degree burn.
- D.
None of the above.
Correct Answer
B. Second degree burn.Explanation
The description of red or mottled skin, often with blisters, indicates a second degree burn. First degree burns typically result in redness and mild pain, but do not cause blisters. Third degree burns are more severe and involve damage to deeper layers of the skin, often resulting in a charred appearance. None of the above is not the correct answer as the given description matches with the characteristics of a second degree burn.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Which of the following is/are a type of haemorrhage?
- A.
Arterial haemorrhage.
- B.
Venous haemorrhage.
- C.
Capillary haemorrhage.
- D.
All of the above.
Correct Answer
D. All of the above.Explanation
Arterial haemorrhage, venous haemorrhage, and capillary haemorrhage are all types of haemorrhage. Arterial haemorrhage refers to bleeding from an artery, which tends to be bright red and pulsating. Venous haemorrhage is bleeding from a vein, which is darker in color and flows steadily. Capillary haemorrhage involves bleeding from the smallest blood vessels, resulting in slow oozing of blood. Therefore, all three options mentioned in the question are types of haemorrhage.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Which of the following is/are dangers of a haemorrhage?
- A.
Death.
- B.
Shock.
- C.
Blood loss.
- D.
All of the above.
Correct Answer
D. All of the above.Explanation
A haemorrhage refers to excessive bleeding, which can lead to various dangers. Death can occur if the bleeding is severe and not controlled in time. Shock is another danger as the body may not be able to compensate for the rapid blood loss, leading to a drop in blood pressure and inadequate blood flow to vital organs. Lastly, blood loss itself is a danger as it can result in decreased oxygen supply to tissues and organs, potentially causing organ damage or failure. Therefore, all of the listed options - death, shock, and blood loss - are dangers associated with a haemorrhage.Rate this question:
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